全球公域：不均衡全球化 世界中的治理与权力

随着全球化进程的深化,具有非传统特性的全球问题不断涌现,在现有治理秩序下无法得到有效解决,需要协调全球各行为体一致努力进行治理,这在一定程度上推进了全球共治理念的贯彻,有助于实现全球共享安全。其中,网络、极地、外太空、公海等各个全球公域的重点问题领域,亟须全球做出协调努力进行治理。全球公域作为一个相对较新的战略增长点,为各国所重视。但是,治理中仍然存在着两类权力不均衡的情况,即参与治理的富国与穷国之间权力的不均衡,参与治理的国家行为体与非国家行为体之间权力的不均衡,它们都影响了治理的效果。全球公域治理的制度安排受限于概念模糊、划界不清、权责不明的现状,大国权力政治的色彩很容易趁机充斥到全球治理的诸多安排当中,危机治理行为的合法性。     

行政学院学报高质量发展应有的基础与策略

我国社会发展已经步入高质量发展阶段,行政学院学报高质量发展既是时代要求、历史必然,更是学报人的意愿、广大读者的期许。行政学院学报高质量发展应建立在坚实的基础之上,辅之以科学睿智的发展策略,高质量发展才可能走实、走稳、走远。学报多年的持续发展、不断增强的创新活力、凝练其中的专业特色、国家政策的全力支持等,为其高质量发展奠定了坚实的发展基础、拓展了广阔的发展空间、增强了真正的发展实力、提供了有力的发展保障。学报高质量发展在具备发展基础的同时,还应准确理解国家期刊发展战略、从供给侧和需求侧两侧发力、在发展理念上率先突破、借力其他文化领域的发展经验。只有这样,学报高质量发展才可能驶入正轨且行稳致远。     

论高楼抛物致人损害责任的完善

高楼抛物行为不但会造成受害人人身及财产的严重损害,而且危害公共安全。《侵权责任法》第87条虽然对该行为的侵权责任作出了规定,但仍不完善。我国民法典侵权责任编应当针对高楼抛物致人损害的行为,强化有关机关在查找行为人方面的职责;在确定高楼抛物责任时,需要区分高楼抛物和高楼坠物的责任;由于高楼抛物致人损害的发生有可能是物业服务企业违反安全保障义务造成的,应当在民法典中规定此种违反安全保障义务的责任。鉴于《侵权责任法》第87条有关可能加害的建筑物使用人的责任承担的规定并不清晰,有必要在民法典侵权责任编中作出完善。     

习近平关于高压反腐重要论述的理论内涵与实践成效

习近平关于高压反腐重要论述有着丰富的理论内涵,其核心涵盖了从严治党、有贪必肃、筑牢防线、标本兼治,把权力关进制度的笼子里等内容。党的十八大以来,习近平高压反腐重要论述在实践中取得了卓越成效,党内法规日益完善、党风逐渐好转,反腐败的方式方法得到创新、巡视工作不断加强,国际追逃追赃工作取得了令人瞩目的成就,反腐败斗争取得了压倒性胜利。当然我们决不能因为胜利就可以松口气,从严治党永远在路上。未来要继续深入贯彻习近平关于高压反腐重要论述,需要一体推进不敢腐、不能腐、不想腐的长效机制,进一步强化对“一把手”的监督,制度治党与思想教育相结合,党内监督与党外监督相结合。     

Identification of 2‐(ethylamino)‐1‐(4‐methylphenyl)‐1‐pentanone (4‐MEAP), a New “Legal High” Sold by an Internet Vendor as 4‐Methyl Pentedrone

Online vendors are offering a new legal high, 4‐methylpentedrone (4‐MPD). Information for potential users provided by internet vendors of 4‐MPD includes incorrect structures and nonexistent CAS numbers. A sample of 4‐MPD was obtained and analyzed using GC‐MS, NMR, and LC‐EIS. The fragmentation data from the GC‐MS and LC‐EIS produced an M‐1 ion that suggested the molecular mass was 219 amu, rather than 205 amu as calculated for 4‐methylpentedrone. The difference in molecular mass corresponded to the addition of a methyl group. Based on the mass and fragmentation pattern, two standards were synthesized, 2‐(ethylamino)‐1‐(4‐methylphenyl)‐1‐pentanone and 1‐(4‐methylphenyl)‐2‐(propylamino)‐1‐butanone. The synthesis involved bromination of the appropriate ketone followed by the reaction with ethylamine or propylamine. Based on the NMR data and unique fragmentation patterns produced by these molecules, the sample was identified as 2‐(ethylamino)‐1‐(4‐methylphenyl)‐1‐pentanone, not 4‐methylpentedrone.     

High-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry method for acrylic and polyester forensic fiber dye analysis

A critical point of comparison between a fiber collected from a crime scene and a fiber from a known source is the color. Fiber dye analysis using thin-layer chromatography or ultraviolet (UV)-visible (Vis) microspectrophotometry provides useful, although limited, data for comparison. High-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC/MS) overcomes these limitations by integrating chromatography, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry into a single instrument. In order to evaluate the applicability of the LC/MS to forensic fiber dye analysis, a multi-stage chromatographic method using acidified water and acidified acetonitrile was developed that separated and identified a mixture of 15 basic and 13 disperse dye standards. The LC/MS also detected and analyzed dyes extracted from individual 0.5 cm acrylic and polyester fibers, demonstrating its applicability to this type of analysis. With regard to the analysis of disperse dyes in polyester fibers, the replacement of pyridine with acetonitrile in the extraction system allowed direct injection of the extracts into the LC/MS. The advantage of the LC/MS over other instrumental methods of textile dye analysis is demonstrated by the analysis and differentiation of three black acrylic fibers: two fibers had similar UV-Vis spectra but were differentiated with chromatography and two had similar UV-Vis spectra and chromatograms but were differentiated using the mass spectrometer.     

论限制债务人高消费的法理基础及其制度完善

限制债务人高消费的实质是限制债务人的财产处分权，体现了“债务人所有的财产是全体债权人所有债权的总担保”的民法原则的要求，符合民事执行的权力性、强制性、执行标的所有权权能与所有权的分离性等程序法理，是防止债务人财产不当减少、维护国家法律制度权威性以及养成社会诚信意识的必然要求。为了充分发挥限制高消费制度的应有功能，确保其实践适应性，应当将限制债务人高消费普适化并构建完善的、可操作的监管机制和制裁机制，注意原则性与灵活性相结合，形成完善的限制债务人高消费制度。     

高成长型企业给快速发展的高职教育带来的启示

随着我国社会主义经济建设对于高技能型人才的迫切需求,高职院校呈现出快速增长的势头。文中从高成长企业的成功经验出发,从企业管理的视角对我国高职院校目前普遍存在的一些问题作了详细的分析和探讨,对我国高职院校如何在快速发展中保持竞争力提出了有针对性的解决方案。     

一种高强度汽车车轮螺栓的异常断裂

目的研究典型断口形貌对失效分析工作的作用。方法利用金相分析、力学性能测试等方法对某交通事故中汽车车轮螺栓的异常断裂进行了检验分析。结果观察到了一种少见的高强度螺栓断口形貌,其上有聚集成群的球状碳化物,有的在疲劳裂纹的起始部位,有的在撕裂台阶的根部。结论螺栓成型时的塑性变形与热处理工艺匹配不合理可能是引起碳化物异常析出的原因,这些碳化物使螺栓的有效承载面积减小,从而引起了高应力疲劳断裂,并留下了低应力疲劳断裂的假象。