预防、惩戒与修复:环境侵害法律规制体系的重构

环境污染行为与环境破坏行为导致的损害都属于环境侵害,需要建立一个完善的系统加以法律规制,从预防、惩戒、修复三大环节入手,给生态环境提供有力的法治保障。预防体系着重环境风险的行政监管,为环境保护构筑第一道防线;惩戒体系强调刑罚与行政处罚在适用层面的可操作性,对环境侵害起到应有的震慑作用;修复体系则事关环境能否可持续发展,通过环境公益诉讼的渠道,让民事赔偿能在环境修复上产生良好效果。     

Oil Spill Causation and the Deepwater Horizon Spill

The April 20, 2010, BP Deepwater Horizon blowout riveted citizen and elected officials' attention on coastal oil spills in ways not seen since the ill‐fated 1989 Exxon Valdez crisis. A commonly voiced lament included why was the tragedy not prevented? Why the seemingly poor safety practices and who is to blame? Could a spill of such catastrophic proportion happen elsewhere in the future? Applying a spill prevention causation framework developed through the examination of other major near‐shore incidents over a 23‐year period, the author finds Deepwater Horizon exhibited a pattern of shortcomings evident in these other spills. These shortcomings are rooted in policy imperfections, a weak regulatory regime, organizational deviance in lieu of integrity, and interorganizational structure deficiencies.     

竞价排名的法律规制

搜索引擎以其全球性、实时性等特点在网络经济时代发展极为迅速,而基于此产生的竞价排名行为,在法学领域还是一个新生事物,对竞价排名如何定性及规制成了司法实践中的难点。应对竞价排名进行法律规制,可全面保护各方权利人的合法权益。     

忧虑的放大与程序的缺失——基于程序视角的民事诉讼法律监督

民事诉讼中的法律监督牵涉到审判机关、检察机关的权力配置与程序运行。从实践的角度分析,对法律监督有损审判独立的忧虑被无端地放大,而程序的缺失又直接制约着民事诉讼中法律监督效能的发挥。涉诉信访与法律监督的制度整合既有利于缓解涉诉信访的压力又弥合了法律监督程序的缺失。同时,改变对法官违法的内部惩戒机制,将惩戒程序的启动、惩戒结果的决定与被惩戒对象所在系统相分离将有助于对民事诉讼中审判人员违法行为的预防与惩戒,最终有助于法律监督的目的即司法公正。     

电子商务环境下证券相关法律问题及其监管研究

电子商务下电子化证券发展极为迅速,但电子化证券交易,仍然是处于不断摸索发展完善的阶段,电子化证券交易对于传统的金融经济制度是严重的冲击,学者对电子化证券交易领域的研究尚未完善。电子化证券交易的发展导致了法律和监管一些新的需要解决的现实问题。为了加强电子商务下对证券的监管,需要进一步完善电子商务下证券活动相关的法律体系,提高电子商务下证券活动相关的安全技术,明确电子商务下证券的发行和监管体制,规范证券交易主体的信用法律制度。     

Southeast Asia and the Asian and Global Financial Crises

Despite the deleterious impact of the 2008–09 global financial crisis, which seriously undermined mainstream economists’ claims that the world economy has matured enough to prevent the return of a global depression, policymakers are still grappling with unchartered territory to insulate their economies from debilitating regional and global contagions. This article provides the introduction to a special issue targeted at dissecting the experience of the Southeast Asian market economies in confronting comparatively the Asian financial crisis of 1997–98 and the global financial crisis of 2008–09.     

Public Participation and Environmental Impact Assessment in Mainland China and Taiwan: Political Foundations of Environmental Management

This article explores the role of agro-ecological factors associated with agricultural growth and poverty outcomes in India. Using a new operationalisation of agro-ecological factors and incorporating within-State variations in poverty and other variables we show that agricultural growth and poverty reduction appear to depend on underlying agro-ecological conditions which are favourable to the spread of irrigation and hence agricultural development, which in turn in associated with poverty reduction. Promotion of agriculture in less favoured areas in unlikely to have similar effects on agriculture in less favoured areas is unlikely to have similar effects on agricultural growth even if the effects of agricultural growth on poverty remain similar, unless conditions for irrigation are favourable or rainfall is sufficiently abundant and reliable. This suggests that considerable caution may be needed in drawing policy conclusions from empirical analysis by state alone, and without regard to their underlying factor endowments.     

政府权力市场化的经济法规制

政府是经济发展和社会运行的调控者和参与者。政府权力的行使是实现民生和发展目标的重要路径,但存在自利属性和权力市场化倾向,主要表现为投资行为的越位、经济角色的错位、公共产品供给的缺位。这些问题产生的主要根源是制度供给不力或不足,使政府较容易利用掌握的公共行政权力谋取利益。经济法因其法益目标和干预手段的特殊性,天然地具有对权力行为进行调适的能力。故而,在考量和整合多重利益范畴的基础上,构建完善的经济法规制策略,是克服政府权力市场化的可行路径。     

环境监管行政责任实现不能及其成因分析

环境监管行政责任实现不能,是指因多种因素的制约或影响,行政责任追究主体对已经客观存在的、应依法追究行政责任的环境监管违法行为,不追究或者不能追究行政责任的情形 它是当今中国环境行政责任实现方面所存在的最为突出、危害性最大的问题,也是制约我国环境监管实效的重要因素之一导致环境监管行政责任实现不能的原因复杂而多元,其中环境监管行政责任制度严重缺失、环境监管及其行政责任实现的体制障碍、传统发展观与政绩观的阻却、以“官本位”为代表的传统思想观念的束缚、行政伦理失范的影响等是最直接的原因.     

系统重要性金融机构监管的国际法制构建与中国回应

作为金融市场的一类特殊参与主体,系统重要性金融机构(SIFIs)具有负外部性,容易引发系统性风险与巨大政府救助成本。在传统的微观审慎监管体制之下,SIFIs的负外部性得不到充分处置,由此导致金融体系乃至实体经济的稳定受到严重威胁,2008年的全球金融危机充分暴露出传统金融监管法制的重大缺陷。在后危机时代,国际社会正在力图构建新型法制,对SIFIs实施专门监管,以防范金融系统性风险和危机。新型监管法制的构建围绕SIFIs的合理识别、强化监管以及有效处置这三个方面展开。我国应积极参与SIFIs监管的国际法制构建工作,同时积极构建与我国金融业现实情况相符的对SIFIs监管的国内法律制度。