论对偷逃过路费行为的预防及法律规制

偷逃过路费行为给高速公路带来巨大损失。通过严格恪守有关公路方面的法律法规、强化公务人员和工作人员依法办事的法律意识、总结惩治偷逃过路通行费经验、建立部门长效联动治逃机制、完善相应的科技手段等措施能够预防偷逃过路费行为的发生。通过行政处罚可以制约伪造标志、证件或者冒用绿通车骗逃行为、强行闯岗(跳车)逃费行为;通过行政处分规制公路收费站工作人员私放车辆行为。行政处罚与行政强制只能由特定的行政机关执行。     

公办高校内部管理体制中的权力均衡研究

中国公办高校内部管理体制中最突出的问题在于权力失衡。通过分析我国高校内部权力失衡及原因,探讨实现我国高校内部权力均衡化路径,对于深化我国高等教育体制改革、依法办好人民满意的教育等都具有极其重要的意义。     

地方政府对高等教育投入努力程度的实证研究

利用2000-2009年各省的面板数据对地方政府高等教育投入努力程度进行实证分析,结果表明地方政府间高校经费投入的努力程度存在显著差异,地方的财政分权以及政府竞争对地方政府高等教育努力程度具有负效应。在引入交互项之后,发现财政分权和政府竞争对东部地区的负效应最大,东部地区高等教育投入努力程度最低。在解决地区间高校经费投入不均衡问题时,要完善激励机制,提升发达地区地方政府高等教育投入的努力程度。同时,加大转移支付力度,平衡地区间高等教育经费投入的差异。     

英国高等教育创新的政策与实践及其启示

开拓创新是一个国家发展和兴盛的必要条件,作为知识经济时代创新的重要策源地,高等教育在整个创新体系中起着至关重要的作用。在英国,创新一直备受重视,政府从20世纪末就开始从宏观上进行一系列规划,并于近年明确提出了建设“创新国家”的目标。在这些宏观政策的鼓舞下,英国高等教育机构做出了积极反应,在微观层面积极践行创新国家的理念。通过对政府宏观政策和高校微观实践的分析,可以发现前者并非后者的充分条件,高等教育创新,更多的是一个政策扶持下的自发过程。这对我国目前大力推进的各项高等教育创新工作无疑具有重要启示。     

人权视角下“过劳死”问题法律再探讨

“过劳死”侵害了劳动者包括休息权在内的基本权利,但在现行制度体系内却无法找到有效的保障路径。“法律用惩罚、预防、特定救济和代替救济来保障各种利益”,因此,在社会的需求、医学技术的发展等基础之上,借鉴先进的立法经验,逐步构建和完善“过劳死”法律保障体系,是人权保障的体现,也是社会和谐的基本要求。     

Governance and Regulation of the Peruvian University System: Overcoming Reform Resistance through Quality Assurance Policies

This article examines the new governance of the Peruvian university system, which evolved in response to market liberalisation and weak quality assurance mechanisms. New actors and commercial interests emerged, building their network of relationships within the political arena. With the passing of a new Universities Law in 2014, ambitious reforms were set in motion, designed to reverse the decline in the quality of higher education. This study examines these reforms, focusing on whether and how they are changing the governance and structure of the system. It also identifies some conceptual and design flaws, such as the weaknesses of the main steering body and the accreditation regime, as well as limitations on the independence of the regulatory agency.     

First Generation in Chilean Higher Education: Tension between Access and Inclusion in a Segmented University System

We analysed the Chilean university student selection processes, comparing ‘First Generation’ and ‘Continuist’ students, using the Chilean Higher Education population databases (2000–2015). Findings confirm that 60 percent of participants in the selection process are First Generation students. The data registers an increasing self-exclusion phenomenon. Of the students who did not take the selection test after enrolling, 80 percent are First Generation and 18 are enrolled in a selective university, compared to 44 in the Continuist conglomerate. These differences may be explained by cultural capital in the Bourdieu sense, in conjunction with a diversified, massified and marketalised higher education system.     

Regulatory dynamism of environmental mobilization in urban China

In China, urban middle class mobilization against potential pollution risk has become increasingly common. This article examines this phenomenon through a detailed case study of a 2009 anti‐waste incinerator campaign in the Panyu District of Guangzhou, which culminated in a sizeable public protest and government U‐turn. This episode revealed tension between the narrow, state‐centered regulatory model fixated on end‐of‐pipe pollution control, and a much broader decentered approach advocated – and practiced – by project opponents, which incorporated public consultation and much greater emphasis on upstream waste reduction and sorting. In the process, the Panyu campaign progressed beyond a case of “regulation by escalation,” whereby beneficial regulations are belatedly enforced following populist pressure. Instead, it transformed into an open dialogue between a plurality of actors, including citizens, journalists, experts, and officials, about what regulation should constitute and who should determine acceptable levels of risk. By focusing on the processes through which regulatory issues emerged and changed during the Panyu campaign, this article highlights the regulatory dynamism of environmental mobilization in a context of regulatory uncertainty, and campaigns against “locally unwanted land uses” more broadly.     

The Dark Sides of Artificial Intelligence: An Integrated AI Governance Framework for Public Administration

ABSTRACT

As government and public administration lag behind the rapid development of AI in their efforts to provide adequate governance, they need respective concepts to keep pace with this dynamic progress. The literature provides few answers to the question of how government and public administration should respond to the great challenges associated with AI and use regulation to prevent harm. This study analyzes AI challenges and former AI regulation approaches. Based on this analysis and regulation theory, an integrated AI governance framework is developed that compiles key aspects of AI governance and provides a guide for the regulatory process of AI and its application. The article concludes with theoretical implications and recommendations for public officers.     

目标公司反收购法律规制研究

目标公司在反收购过程中会涉及到众多利益相关者,因此各国立法对目标公司的反收购都有严格的规制。由于我国反收购立法的不完善,导致在反收购的实践中出现的许多问题而没有解决的法律依据。本文以目标公司反收购及其法律规制为主线,通过对两大法系反收购立法模式的介绍以及对我国立法模式的评析,从三个层面,结合我国实际情况,对完善我国规制目标公司反收购提出了相应的对策建议。