新时期中国女子高等教育发展问题探讨

该文指出,学习先进国家女子高校办学理念和方针,进一步加强全民基础教育,关注贫困落后地区教育设施与资源的建设配备,促进教育平等政策的贯彻落实,并在此基础上重视发展女子高等教育,在中国新时期发展规划中有着深远意义。     

预约定价法律制度研究

中华人民共和国第十届全国人民代表大会第五次会议于2007年3月16日通过了《中华人民共和国企业所得税法》（以下简称《企业所得税法》）。《企业所得税法》引入了预约定价安排,国家税务总局于2009年1月8日制定了《特别纳税调整实施办法（试行）》（国税发〔2009〕2号,以下简称《办法》）。其中,《办法》就预约定价作了专章规定。《企业所得税法》、《办法》虽然就预约定价作了规定,但仍然存在不少问题。鉴此,有必要从预约定价的概念、性质和作用入手,分析我国推行预约定价的必要性和可行性,从而完善我国的预约定价制度。     

关于公安院校教育质量观的探讨

随着首批改制学生分期、分批进入各级各类公安院校学习,摆在公安教育工作者面前的首要问题就是如何开展实务教学以及开展什么样的实务教学,以期实现预期人才培养目标。转变教育观念,树立科学的教育质量观是推进公安院校招录培养体制改革、保障改革顺利进行的前提和关键。     

Overview of: “Crime Place and Pollution: Expanding Crime Reduction Options Through a Regulatory Approach”

Research Summary Crime reduction policy has focused almost exclusively on offenders. Recent studies and evaluations show that expanding our policy portfolio to include places may be highly productive. We show that there is considerable research showing that crime is concentrated at a relatively few locations, that high-crime places are stable, that changing places can reduce crime, that displacement is not only far from inevitable but also less likely than the diffusion of crime prevention benefits, and that owners of high-crime places can be held accountable for the criminogenic conditions of their locations. We link these findings to environmental policy, where environmental scientists, economists, and regulators have developed a broad set of regulatory options. The core of this article describes a portfolio of environmental policy instruments directly applicable to crime places. We also discuss major decisions local governments will need to make to implement various forms of regulation, and we list challenges that governments must anticipate in planning for such implementation. We argue that a regulatory approach to crime places has the potential to lower the cost to taxpayers of reducing crime by shifting costs from governments to the relatively few place owners whose actions create crime-facilitating conditions. Policy Implications Taking a regulatory approach to crime places substantially expands the crime policy options under consideration. Regulatory options may increase local governments’ effectiveness at reducing crime while reducing governments’ costs. This is because regulatory approaches have the potential to shift some portion of the financial burden for crime fighting to owners of criminogenic locations. Policy makers can select between means-based anticrime regulations that focus on how place owners manage their locations and ends-based regulations that focus on the number of crimes allowed at places. Both of these approaches contain several alternative regulatory instruments, each with its own set of advantages and disadvantages. Experimenting with various regulatory instruments could lead to the development of a range of new crime reduction policies. In addition, a regulatory approach has implications for the funding of policy research. Means-based regulatory instruments require governments to develop evidence that the means they regulate have the desired impact on crime. Ends-based regulatory instruments shift this burden to the regulated places.     

高校科技创新地位的比较研究

高校是我国科技创新的四大主体之一,然而其重要性并未得到应有的重识。高校研发经费支出远低于企业和研究机构。研发活动多集中于应用研究,基础研究和试验发展研究薄弱,专利授权量与申请量比值低。与发达国家相比,我国高校在国家科技创新体系中的地位不高,研发经费投入总量低、强度小、人均经费少,研发经费在各活动领域的配置不合理。我国应借鉴域外经验,加大对高校研发经费的投入力度,推进校企结合和高校与研究机构的整合,提升高校的科技创新能力和高校在国家科技创新体系中的地位。     

现代行政法学的建构与政府规制研究的兴起

早期行政法学普遍经历了从行政科学到法律科学的转向,而现代行政法学则从以司法审查为中心转向以行政过程为中心。发韧于20世纪六七十年代的政府规制理论为现代行政法学提供了一个强有力的分析工具,有助于革新传统行政法的概念架构和学理体系,建立起对真实世界行政过程有解释力的现代行政法学体系。     

民事诉讼当事人的不诚信行为及其法律规制

民事诉讼当事人不诚信行为之危害性不可小觑，法律规制措施不健全是该类行为屡禁不绝的重要原因，文章根据几种典型不诚信行为之特点，有针对性地提出了相应的规制措施。     

经济法对宏观调控权的规制——以房地产市场、证券市场调控为例

经济法是国家调节社会经济之法。宏观调控是国家调节三方式之一,宏观调控应以市场调节为基础,需要处理好国家与市场之间的关系,调控措施应当科学、合理。需要依法调控,用法律控制权力,防止滥用宏观调控权损害民众利益。宏观调控包括控制与引导、宏观与微观管理相结合,不能片面理解为"控制"、从紧,也不能把各种行政干预措施都当成宏观调控,借宏观调控之名行行政命令计划管理之实。     

试论商业贿赂行为的立法规范

商业贿赂行为是不正当竞争行为的一种。竞争是市场经济的产物,是市场经济最基本的运行机制,没有竞争就无法实现资源的合理配置,故市场经济是竞争经济。然而,市场本身并不能保证竞争的自由和公平,所以会伴随着不正当竞争行为的出现,商业贿赂行为亦如此。商业贿赂行为扰乱了市场经济秩序,破坏了公平竞争环境,桎梏了市场健康发展。但目前我国法律和行政规章在商业贿赂的立法规范上存在缺失和局限,需要重新审视并作出相应的调整。     

日本公用企业政府规制的借鉴

政府规制对公用企业的影响是全方位的,进一步完善公用企业相关法律法规,重新定位强化政府在规制中的职能,对公用企业开展适度公平有效的竞争。同时,公用企业改革应稳中求变、变中求稳,顺应全球公用企业民营化改革的潮流。