The Use of the Developmental Rate of the Aquatic Midge Chironomus riparius (Diptera,Chironomidae) in the Assessment of the Postsubmersion Interval

Nonbiting midges (Diptera, Chironomidae) are the most abundant members of the fauna associated with submerged carcasses, but their use in the medicolegal context is very restricted because of their complex ontogeny. In this case, the corpse of a woman was recovered in late spring from a river in Granada (Iberian Peninsula). It showed obvious signs of long permanence in the aquatic environment and, along with pulmonary and microscopical analyses, led to the conclusion that the cause of death was drowning. Several larvae‐like specimens were sampled from the scalp and later identified by morphological external features as IV instar larvae of Chironomus riparius Meigen, 1804 (Diptera, Chironomidae). Sequencing of cytochrome oxidase subunit I was performed to confirm the identification. The knowledge of the biology of C. riparius at low temperatures was critical to assess a postsubmersion interval of 16–17 days.     

Economic Growth and Changes in the Branch Structure of Economy in Latvia： Linkage and the Sequence

From 2000 to 2012 the Latvian economy experienced four important events： （1） accession to the European Union in 2004; （2） the fastest GDP growth in the European Union and one of the fastest in the world in 2006; （3） the fastest GDP decrease in the European Union and in the world in 2009; and （4） resumption of economic growth in 2011. Such substantial changes during relatively short period of time make the experience of Latvia interesting in context of economic growth. Now Latvia has success in overcoming the consequences of the global economic downturn but the question which still remains relevant is the rationality of the branch structure of economy, because of high share of non-tradable sector in GDP. Such high fluctuations of the GDP during period analyzed, as well as requirements of the modem economy show the necessity to provide changes in the branch structure of economy. The most acceptable and popular direction in accordance with the strategy ＂Europe 2020＂ indicates that these changes should be in favor to the innovative manufacturing branches. On the other hand, the question--whether the changes in the branch structure of economy would be a tool for maintaining and providing the economic growth in Latvia--is actual. The importance and relevance of this question are reinforced by the fact that there is no consensus in the literature about the sequence of the economic growth and changes in the branch structure of economy. The article considers the linkage between economic growth and the changes in the branch structure of economy in Latvia, as well as search for sequence between these processes.     

公共服务领域内政府与社会组织的关系构建——基于博弈论研究的视角

国家与社会的现实关系在很大程度上反映着一个国家的治理水平。在公共服务领域,政府与社会组织之间的关系构建是一个重要的研究内容。在我国社会快速转型和变迁的背景下,构建中国式的政府与社会组织之间的关系显得更加迫切。文章运用博弈的视角,梳理了政府与社会组织关系的理论发展脉络,提出了变和博弈理念下我国政府与社会组织的关系——竞争与合作的关系,是中国式政府与社会关系发展的必然。最后,文章总结,在公共服务领域内,竞争与合作的关系模式必须通过构建政府与社会组织之间的信任机制、合作机制,同时,通过一系列制度化的发展才能够得以实现,最终发挥政府与社会组织在公共服务领域内的重要作用。     

Value Dynamics: Towards a Framework for Analyzing Public Value Changes

This paper presents a preliminary framework for analyzing how values in the public sector change over time. The specific dynamics are conceptualised as three types of change mechanisms: a teleological, a conflictual and a value-internal change mechanism. Choice of governance systems – hierarchy, clan, network or market - is an example of designing control systems to promote particular values. Another change mechanism is rooted in conflicts between values and the actors carrying these values leading to various organisational responses. Finally, influenced by basic properties of a value changes may follow several distinct patterns such as life cycles, pendulum dynamics, enlargement of scope, refinement and turbulence. The possible outcomes of value dynamic processes are basically changes in value configurations: crowding out, sedimentation, the core-periphery hypothesis, division of labour, and re-interpretation. The paper uses examples from a Danish context, but argues that the value dynamics identified have a more universal scope.     

浅析20世纪美国妇女社会地位的变化(英文)

Traditionally women’s primary role should be wives,mothers and homemakers,and today women are still mothers,but few of them stay home full time to take care of the house and children.They never cease their steps to gain equal rights with men.The paper will try to analyze the changes of women’s social status in the 20th century,exploring its reasons.     

民族复兴的逻辑与中共的历史使命

发达国家现代化发展历程持续发展的重要原因之一,是资产阶级统治在政治建设上的成功设计和相关实践。中国现代化的持续发展面临同样的逻辑,而切实需要把科学发展观作为保证政治体制改革沿着正确方向发展的统领。政治体制改革必须为经济基础服务,它不应仅仅是某种抽象理念的"外化"。中国必须有一二百年以上的稳定可持续发展,才可能使民族的全面复兴达到历史的新高。     

反腐倡廉建设的历史逻辑与现实问题

改革开放以来,我们党反腐倡廉建设的理论和实践逐步迈上了科学的发展轨道。但由于当前转型期经济社会的发展特点,宏观制度、文化环境中仍存有一些不利于开展反腐倡廉工作的因素,诱发了很多矛盾与问题。对此,我们应全面总结、吸取改革开放以来反腐倡廉建设的历史经验,坚持正确的反腐倡廉战略方针、原则方法和价值取向。要以规范权力运行为目标,以建立健全科学有效的反腐倡廉制度为核心,以发展党内外民主、提高权力运行透明度、落实反腐倡廉责任为突破,以现代信息技术运用为支撑,以推进惩治和预防腐败体系不断健全和有效运行为重点,与时俱进地推进反腐倡廉建设。     

农村人口变迁对农业家庭经营的影响与法律对策

作为农村社会变迁的重要组成部分,农村人口变迁主要包括人口数量、结构、质量、心理素质以及思想观念等方面的变化。在新的历史时期,我国农村人口的变迁呈现出独特的趋势。农村人口各个方面的变迁会对农业家庭经营产生重要而又深远的影响,因此,必须重视农村人口变迁的趋势及其影响,着力调整计划生育、农村就业以及农村公共产品供给等方面的法律制度,确保我国农业家庭经营获得健康发展。