论公安机关的反恐策略与反恐警务变革

针对恐怖主义犯罪对我国的现实威胁。公安机关应积极推动反恐立法．完善反恐工作机制,参与国际反恐合作,重视情报、舆论引导和群众工作,加强安全防范和预案演练。为了保证上述反恐策略的贯彻落实,公安机关还应进行必要的警务变革,积极推动农村和社区警务,以警务的“网格化”应对恐怖组织的“隐蔽性”、“随意性”和“扁平化”趋势;强化科技强警,实现警察反恐意识、反恐技术装备的现代化;坚持以反恐情报为导向,“敌未动我先知”,掌握反恐斗争的主动权,有效遏制和消除我国面临的恐怖主义犯罪。     

入室作案现场残缺鞋印的研究

鞋印是犯罪现场上最常见的犯罪痕迹,但在犯罪现场鞋印经常表现为残缺。分析影响鞋印形成的因素,对残缺鞋印进行认真观察,对其部位及特征进行准确刻画,并进行科学拼接和延展,实现对留痕鞋印进行准确分析,能够为刻画作案人提供有效的依据。     

行政任务的多元化与行政法的结构性变革

现代社会的转型,尤其是城市化的推进,显著地引致了行政任务的扩展及其任务结构的转变。行政任务的数量、范围,以及内涵发生了变革性的扩张。传统行政法模式已然难以应景式地阐释和消解诸多现代性行政法问题。适应行政任务的多元化,现代行政的作用手段和组织形态因而呈现有别于传统的、多样化的特征。现代行政法因而面临结构性的变革,以回应社会发展对行政任务多元化的诉求。在一定程度上实现从控制行政权取向的行政法学向行政任务取向的行政法学的转变,则成为现代行政法发展的一种趋势。     

Source Camera Identification for Heavily JPEG Compressed Low Resolution Still Images*

Abstract: In this research, we examined whether fixed pattern noise or more specifically Photo Response Non‐Uniformity (PRNU) can be used to identify the source camera of heavily JPEG compressed digital photographs of resolution 640 × 480 pixels. We extracted PRNU patterns from both reference and questioned images using a two‐dimensional Gaussian filter and compared these patterns by calculating the correlation coefficient between them. Both the closed and open‐set problems were addressed, leading the problems in the closed set to high accuracies for 83% for single images and 100% for around 20 simultaneously identified questioned images. The correct source camera was chosen from a set of 38 cameras of four different types. For the open‐set problem, decision levels were obtained for several numbers of simultaneously identified questioned images. The corresponding false rejection rates were unsatisfactory for single images but improved for simultaneous identification of multiple images.     

西方情报主导警务理论的发展脉络

情报主导警务理论从问题导向警务理论中脱胎而出,起源于20世纪90年代英国的肯特郡,完善于英国的国家情报模型的建立,目前正在全球范围内广泛运用。情报主导警务理论代表了信息化时代警务模式的发展方向。     

论语音象似性及其在诗歌文本中的应用

本文通过尝试建立语音象似性的连通主义模型,从本体感受论的角度对语音象似性的客观现实性和心理真实性作了论证;在对诸多有关语音象似性的论述进行总结的基础上,进一步提出语音象似性的二分法并强调语音象似性的意象图式说;由于体现象似性特征的语音模式是诗歌文本序列的构建原则之一,故最后对诗歌文本中的语音象似性进行了探寻.     

The Utility of Skeletal and Surgical Features for the Personal Identification Process: A Pilot Study

This pilot study provides a conceptual framework for the application of the anthropological analysis of skeletal features and surgical interventions for the purpose of identification in cases of unknown deceased individuals with unavailable fingerprint, genetic or odontological antemortem data. The study sample includes 276 individuals with known demographic and clinical information from the Italian CAL Milano Cemetery Skeletal Collection. In the sample, 124 (45%) individuals showed one or more skeletal features that may be potentially individualizing. Of these, 79% showed two and more features, which occurred in a multitude of different combinations. Skeletal findings may provide useful postmortem information that can be compared with antemortem witness statements and clinical imaging. However, more research into the utility of dry bone findings and the availability of comparative material, including imaging, and epidemiological data needs to be undertaken before skeletal features can be implemented into identification protocols and databases.     

Are DNA data a valid source to study the spatial behavior of unknown offenders?

Studying the spatial behaviour of unknown offenders (i.e. undetected offenders) is difficult, because police recorded crime data do not contain information about these offenders. Recently, forensic DNA data has been used to study unknown offenders. However, DNA data are only a subset of the crimes committed by unknown offenders stored in police recorded crime data. To establish the suitability of DNA data for studying the spatial offending behaviour of unknown offenders, we examine the concentration and spatial similarity of detected but unsolved crimes in police recorded crime data (N?=?181,483) and DNA data (N?=?1913) over 27 Belgian judicial districts for four crime types. We established spatial similarity for certain crime types (in some districts). This offers opportunities for DNA data to be used to study unknown offenders' spatial offending behaviour. Implications for theory and research are discussed.     

Determination of firing distance. Lead analysis on the target by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS)

This paper reports a method for the determination of the firing distance. Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) was used to determine the lead (Pb) pattern around bullet holes produced by shots on test targets from the gun. Test shots were made with a Colt 38 Special at 5, 10, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 80, and 100 cm target distance. The target was created with sheets of Whatman no. 1 paper on a polystyrene support. The target was subdivided into three carefully cut out rings (1, 2, and 3; with external diameters of 1.4 cm; 5 cm; 10.2 cm, respectively). Each sample was analyzed with graphite furnace AAS. Lead values analysis performed for each ring yielded a linear relation between the firing distance (cm) and the logarithm of lead amounts (microg/cm(2)) in definite target areas (areas 2 + 3): [ln dPb(2+3) = a(0) + a(1)l]; where dPb(2+3) = lead microg/cm(2) of area 2 + 3; a(0) and a(1) are experimentally calculated; l = distance in cm.     

西部大开发中建立区域绿色生态经济模式的基本思路

绿色生态经济模式是可持续发展原则的产业化。21世纪,西部区域可持续发展的根本途径是建立绿色生态经济模式。区域绿色生态经济模式建立的基本思路是:实现生态系统与经济系统及开发方式的对接;通过发展农业生态经济,建立区域生态工业经济体系,建立生态化的区域第三产业等,提高区域绿色生态经济的总量与质量。