To Pay Suspicious Attention: Following the Weave of ‘Mixed Logics’ in Women’s Ethical Decision Making

This article explores areas of law loosely within English equity and trusts law that have not conventionally been subject to feminist debate, and within the context of a discussion about feminist method. The particular areas examined are whistleblowing and trustees’ powers of investment, each of which calls for consideration of decision-making processes which have an ethical content. These sites are chosen because they take debate outside the all too familiar locations of woman or ‘the body of woman’, including the family home, where feminist analysis in relation to equity and trusts tends to stray. In exploring these chosen fields, Hobby’s (Feminist Perspectives on Equity and Trusts, Cavendish Publishing, 2001, pp. 219–255) critique of gender dimensions in relation to whistleblowing and Dunn’s (Feminist Perspectives on Equity and Trusts, Cavendish Publishing, 2001, pp. 179–196) account of women trustees’ investment decisions are evaluated and developed. The debate within feminist legal criticism of the possibility of integrating an ‘ethics of care’ and an ‘ethics of rights’ is acknowledged. Whilst acknowledging of the difficulty of adopting an approach that recognises ‘mixed logics’, it is concluded that women (and men) do integrate the ethics of care and the ethics of rights in their decision-making. It is argued that the effort should be made to trace the specific weave in particular circumstances, thereby paying suspicious attention to the values that underlie courts’ analyses of ethical choices.     

实现“全民医保”的瓶颈与基础条件——论新型农村合作医疗与城镇居民基本医疗保险的制度对接

近几年来，城镇非就业人员“失保”成为我国实现“全民医保”的瓶颈。为解决这一问题，我国在2007年启动了城镇居民基本医疗保险试点工作。在人口大规模流动的情况下，解决这一问题的关键是：当前任何社会保障制度的设计都不应受城乡身份的限制，而应保持一种开放的体系，赋予社会保障主体自由选择的权利，为早日实现“全民医保”提供基础条件。     

论和谐社会语境下刑法的人文关怀

和谐社会从本质上说是以人为本、保障人权、体现人文关怀的社会。人文关怀是和谐社会的内在要求和必然选择。刑法作为一种重要的法律规范,在构建和谐社会的过程中应该体现人文关怀,发挥其重要作用,而在我国公众和公权行使者对刑法存在非常态的认知和误读的情况下,更应该强调刑法的深层意蕴,即人文关怀。刑法的人文关怀属性是由刑法机能决定并展开的,也是能与和谐社会相契合并且良性互动、协调发展的。我国现行刑法制度、条文规范在体现人文关怀意蕴的同时,还存在着缺失,有必要根据情况加以改进。     

对"警察学"及其学科体系建设的构想

"警察学"是一切警察学术的基本科学.西方没有警察学,英、美的警察科学尚未分化出来.我国国民党时期及台湾地区有一批警学研究的专、编著问世.80年代初以来,我国公安系统警察高等教育的创办,开展了对"警察学"的研究,称之为"公安学",也有直接称"警察学"的.在十六七年的时间里,不仅发表了大量学术论文,而且还出版了几本专、编著,但对"公安"与"警察"是一个概念还是两个不同的概念、"公安学"是否等同"警察学"及其学科研究对象等问题存在不同观点和争论."警察"这一社会现象,在人类社会有了阶级与国家以来就是一种客观存在,具有独立的学术分类、独立的研究对象和独立的学科体系."警察学",应从古今中外的警察时空范畴去构建.     

Child abuse by baby-sitters: An ecological-interactional interpretation

This study explored the social contexts in which physical abuse by baby-sitters occurred. This was accomplished through a content analysis of 98 founded case records of physical abuse committed by baby-sitters. In 70% of the case records there was evidence that sitters had a conflict with the victim prior to the abusive act. Children fighting with other children was the most common type of disturbance, followed by conflicts surrounding toilet training, children's continuous crying, disobedience, and rudeness. There was evidence that parents' explicit or implicit approval of baby-sitters' violence contributed to the child abuse in approximately one-quarter of the cases.This research was supported by a grant from the Harry Frank Guggenheim Foundation.     

Put Down Your Knitting: Unpicking Social Welfare Professionalisation in 1970s Australia

This article compares evidence given to the 1970s Commonwealth Commission of Enquiry into Poverty by a social worker from Armidale with that of a group of foster carers in Adelaide. It does so to illuminate the power struggle underway between volunteers, professionals and experts at a key moment in Australia’s social welfare history. The testimonies provide two very different perspectives on the challenges of social welfare professionalisation. Analysing them allows a deeper exploration of those challenges, which, to date, have been under-explored, while bringing a greater understanding of the factors that shaped the creation of enquiry submissions.     

L'Etat social suisse face aux nouveaux risques sociaux: Genèse et déterminants de l'adoption du programme d'impulsion pour les structures de garde pour enfants bas age

In this article we highlight the factors and the mechanisms that influence decision making processes in the adoption of new social policies in Switzerland, on the basis of a recent example: the introduction in 2002 of a federal subsidy for new child care facilities. The article begins with a discussion of various hypotheses, inspired from the social policy literature. It then reviews the policymaking process that lead to the adoption of the new programme. In the final discussion, several factors are identified as co‐responsible for the success of the initiative: the convergence of interest of employers and the libertarian left, the favourable economic situation in the 2000 and early 2001 which facilitated the opening of a “window of opportunity”. The fact that the success of this initiative is related to a fairly large number of favourable factors, suggests that the adoption of this kind of measures will remain a politically difficult exercise.     

“三孩政策”与中华优秀生育文化建构

中共中央、国务院提出“实施三孩生育政策及配套支持措施”，是我国进一步优生优育的重大 举措。本研究通过考察“三孩政策”的历史背景与现实依据，认为进一步优生优育的重大举措符合我国现阶段 人口和经济社会发展形势，是对中华传统生育文化的创造性转化和创新性发展。落实进一步优生优育的重大举措， 当务之急是完善“三孩政策”的保障机制，在全社会形成与社会主义核心价值观相一致的良好生育文化。     

Family Drug Treatment Courts As Comprehensive Service Models: Cost Considerations

Literature on family drug treatment courts (FDTCs) suggests that parental participation in these courts is associated with improved substance abuse treatment and child welfare system outcomes. Despite these beneficial outcomes, FDTCs serve only 7‐10% of eligible child welfare involved families. As part of a FDTC evaluation, this FDTC site sought to provide stakeholders with information about costs and benefits. Considering the program costs alongside the cost avoidance from reduced time in foster care, this analysis determined that FDTC participation resulted in a net savings per child of $9,710. The cost component of the evaluation proved valuable, challenging, and informative.     

From Foster Care to Adulthood: The Role of Income

This study explores the role of income for young people with experience in foster care transitioning to adulthood. It draws on in-depth structured interviews with eight staff members and 38 current and former foster youths age 18 years and older, who were participants in an innovative program to build their assets and financial capability. Interviews took place in four sites in three states. This study illuminates how those with experience in foster care seek to obtain and manage money to transition successfully to adult financial roles. Findings suggest that early and practical experiences with money are important for gaining financial capability. The study also highlights the need for child welfare professionals to develop expertise in financial literacy and understand the pitfalls that lie in both traditional and nontraditional financial services. By deepening understanding among staff of the economic realities facing the young people today, child welfare agencies will be more likely to prepare former foster youths for life on their own.