试论网络思潮的预测和引导

网络已成为社会舆论的重要发源地、社会思潮的重要传播载体。加强对社会思潮的预测与引导,用社会主义核心价值体系的先进内容占领网络阵地,是我们当前必须思考和解决的一个重大而紧迫的课题。本文分析了网络思潮的内涵与特点,论述了预测和引导网络思潮的重要性,针对网络思潮所呈现出的不同特点,从对网络思潮的深入挖掘、超前预测、多元化分析、实时监控等方面,探讨了预测和引导网络思潮的有效途径。     

西方国家议会立法改革趋势之探析——兼论政府在立法中的功能角色

20世纪以来在法律和政治理论上处于优越地位的西方国家议会，都已呈现出一种共同趋势，即作为立法机关的地位实际下降了。而政府在很大程度上主导、直至支配着立法。为应对此种变化，当代西方国家议会趋于在统一掌握立法最终审议权和控制权的前提下，广泛采用各种更灵活的立法形式。且越来越重视其民主监督功能的发挥，以期一方面强化政府立法的民主保障，加强对政府立法的监督和控制，以协调其立法民主与行政效率的动态统一；另一方面改革和完善议会制度。以实质性地强化其立法审议和立法监督能力。     

Motives in a Triple Spree Homicide

Juries, criminologists, prosecutors, law enforcement officials, and the lay public like to know the motive for a murder—especially when there are unusual features such as multiple victims, extensive injuries, or unexplainable acts to the bodies. However, many times the motive is not readily available from the murderer because he does not confess or he does not consciously know why he killed. The following case describes the analysis of multiple motives in a triple spree homicide committed in a very short time frame. Robbery was the primary motive for the first victim and sexual homicide was the motive for the second and third victims.     

国外系列杀人案件研究概述

近年来，国外系列杀人案件逐渐增多，一些外国学者因之对其概念、发生率、动机及类型进行了大量的研究，并提出了一些解释和观点。在系列杀人案件中，男性系列杀人犯、女性系列杀人犯及小组系列杀人犯均有其自身的特征，这些都是不容忽视的。     

简论黑社会性质犯罪

黑社会犯罪是有组织犯罪发展的高级阶段，黑社会性质犯罪就是黑社会犯罪，它不过是黑社会犯罪的初级形态和初级发展阶段。我国刑法中明确了“黑社会性质犯罪”这个概念，是根据我国现阶段黑社会犯罪的特点确定的。目前我国存在的黑社会性质犯罪组织主要通过七种基本方式形成。如今黑社会性质犯罪呈现出几大发展趋势正向黑社会的高级形态发展；加速向经济、政治领域渗透以及国际化趋势。     

Firearm Deaths by Law Enforcement

Abstract:  The use of deadly force during law enforcement is a matter that compels public scrutiny. There were 42 gunshot deaths caused by police over a 4-year period in New York City. The decedents' average age was 31 years and ranged from 17 to 64 years. There were 41 males and one female; and 26 Black, nine Hispanic, and seven White decedents. Ethanol and/or drugs of abuse were detected in 78% (31/40) of the decedents. The vast majority of shootings occurred with the police responding to a crime and 90% of the decedents were armed (26 handguns, six knives, one axe, one metal pipe, and one toy gun). Vehicles were used as weapons in two incidents. A total of 177 bullets struck the 42 decedents. Fourteen decedents sustained single gunshot wounds (GSWs), and the remainder had multiple GSWs ranging from 2 to 21. In the majority of the cases in this study, the number of GSWs of the body was three or fewer. Thirteen decedents had at least one GSW of the back or buttocks, accounting for 25 of the total 177 wounds, and four of the 13 had GSWs of only the back. With the exception of the upper extremities, GSWs of all locations were more likely to penetrate than perforate. Although these deaths may be high profile, the certification is typically straightforward and the cause (i.e., GSW) and manner of death (homicide) are readily apparent. Although police shootings in which the decedent was unarmed and/or sustained numerous GSWs are widely reported by the lay press, these types of shootings were not typical in our study.     

雇凶杀人犯罪研究

雇凶杀人犯罪是指行为人为达到某种目的 ,以钱财、利益等为条件 ,雇请他人谋杀与行为人有着某种特殊关系的人的一种犯罪行为。雇主的心理动因主要源于自我保护和借刀杀人的需要 ,雇凶的心理动因主要源于强烈的侥幸心理和贪图钱财或某种利益的欲望。对雇凶杀人犯罪可从四个方面进行分类。雇凶杀人犯罪具有犯罪行为的预谋性、暴力性和内隐性等四个方面的特点。     

论中国武术的研究方向

中华武术的思想内涵、文化内核是系统的、联系的、复杂的和经典的.武术作为中国传统的体育项目,其是以中国文化为理论基础,内外兼修、时代精神、哲理奥妙、术道并重为鲜明特点的运动.武术具有悠久的历史,在其漫长的进程中,做为一种技能和技艺的形式表现,本文从多学科、多层次的对传统武术一般理论研究上升到高度去完整的、全方位的进行了分析、可领会其深刻的涵义和实质.     

A Move Toward Specificity: Examining Urban Disadvantage and Race-and Relationship-Specific Homicide Rates

The purpose of this research is to estimate the differential impact of structural conditions on race- and relationship-specific homicide rates for U.S. cities in 1990. The structural conditions commonly employed in race-specific homicide research are examined, such as job accessibility, economic deprivation, racial segregation, and racial inequality. Furthermore, four relationship categories of homicide—acquaintance, family, stranger, and intimate—are disaggregated by racial group. The detailed relationship-specific homicide rates are compared to a baseline homicide rate to determine whether structural factors associated with urban disadvantage similarly influence homicide rates across relationship types. The results indicate that differences emerge in the impact of structural conditions on homicides disaggregated by race- and relationship-specific categories. Theoretical explanations consistent with criminology and race-relations literature are discussed, as well as the potential benefits and implications for studies that pursue more meaningful and detailed classifications in homicide offending.     

Deaths Due to Child Abuse: A 6‐Year Review of Cases in The Cook County Medical Examiner's Office

Case files from the Cook County Medical Examiner's Office from 2007 to 2012 were reviewed to analyze homicides due to physical child abuse in children <3 years old. Fatal cases mostly involved younger subjects. Intracranial injuries were the leading cause of death, while death due to extracranial injuries was uncommon. Eyes were involved in most of the cases. Spinal cord was involved in about 1/3 of the cases, mostly in the thoracic area. In some cases, previous injuries were present. There were significant differences in the pattern of injuries between age groups. Subjects showing signs of impact to the head and subjects with no evidence of an impact showed no significant difference in internal injuries. The association of multiple injuries is highly suggestive of child abuse. In suspected child abuse, a postmortem examination including neuropathological, ophthalmological, and radiological information should be always evaluated, together with investigative reports and the medical history.