Obesity,Body Mass Index,and Homicide

The body mass indexes (BMIs) of 100 randomly selected homicide cases from the files of Forensic Science SA were compared to the Australian and South Australian populations. There were 70 males and 30 females (M:F = 2.3:1; age range 18–84 years; mean 42.3 years). There was a substantially lower proportion of obese individuals in the homicide population compared to the general Australian and South Australian populations (19% [vs.] 27.9% and 30%, respectively). A second group of 144 randomly selected autopsy cases where the BMI was ≥40 kg/m² was analyzed. There were 77 males and 67 females (M:F = 1.2:1; age range 23–78 years; mean 46.7 years). The majority of deaths were natural (N = 108), with no homicides. A negative association between obesity and homicide has, therefore, been demonstrated. Reasons for the lower numbers of obese/morbidly obese individuals among homicide victims are unclear, but may include physical protection afforded by fat padding from sharp force injuries, and relative sociodemographic isolation.     

CURRENT TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CHINESE SOCIAL SECURITY SYSTEM FOR PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES

The Law on the Protection of Disabled Persons is the first social security legislation in China, with more than 50 laws directly related to the legal protection of the rights of persons with disabilities and career development for people with disabilities. In terms of employment protections for people with disabilities, it is important to focus on effective legal implementation, utilizing legal rulings to limit employment discrimination against people with disabilities. Educational protections are an important precondition for enabling people with disabilities to live with dignity; it should be guaranteed that people with disabilities are provided “reasonable accommodation” in educational conditions. A barrier-free environment is a necessary condition for social integration of people with disabilities. At the same time, it also benefits other members of the society such as the elderly. Through rehabilitation and exercise, most people with disabilities can return to the society to a significant degree. China should gradually expand the legislative scope of rehabilitation service fee reductions and legal categories of auxiliary appliances, issuing guiding documents that provide specifications for the relevant “dormant” legal provisions.     

试析水族舞蹈在水族原始文化中的二极趋向

从原始时期起,水族乐舞文化就分作巫祭之乐和民乡之乐两种文化趋向,并由此产生出水族文化的雅俗分流,贯穿于水族历史文化发展的整个过程。与祭祀、巫祭有关的舞蹈,舞蹈者一般头戴冠饰或羽饰,手执法器。其舞姿表现为双手上举,仰天敬神,崇拜上方;与生产生活内容有关的舞蹈,舞蹈者一般不戴冠饰或羽饰,不执法器。其舞姿表现为双手下垂或平伸,有时连臂环绕,多为集体舞,是水族先民娱神娱人的民间祭祀活动。     

侦查理论与实务几个问题的探讨

我国《刑事诉讼法》的修改必须考虑到中国的实际情况,应避免立法主张上浓厚的理想主义色彩;我国正酝酿着侦查理念的一次变革和飞跃,但相应的制度和经费保障能不能到位,对此有着直接的影响;“命案必破”的提法虽有积极作用,但其负面作用日益凸显,因此应停止使用;处置劫持人质案件的培训工作应有计划性和整体规范;对心理画像结论的准确性、具体性和可靠性程度应该有客观的认识,不能对其怀有过高的期望。     

国际制造业转移现象的理性分析

国际制造业转移是现代国际经济关系中的一个重要特征。文中对国际产业转移简单回顾了国际制造业转移的历程,详细分析了国际制造业转移的动因,并对当前和今后的发展趋势进行了预测,文章最后详细探讨了国际制造业的转移对转出区和转入区的影响。     

试论后危机时代印度利用外国直接投资的变化及发展趋势——兼议对中国引资的启示

本文研究了后危机时代印度利用外国直接投资的变化情况,预测了其未来发展趋势,并进一步探讨了对中国利用外国直接投资的启示。这对我们深入了解和把握印度利用外国直接投资的发展态势具有重要参考价值和战略意义。     

The assassination of the Swedish Minister for Foreign Affairs

On September 10, 2003, Anna Lindh, the Swedish Minister for Foreign Affairs, was assassinated. The offender, a 24-year-old man, was a socially isolated, culturally and familially dislocated, yet academically quite competent young man who became enthralled with the habitual criminality of some of his relatives and their associates, and then psychiatrically decompensated in his early twenties. He had a history of serious violence before the crime, including the gross assault with a knife of his alcoholic and abusive father when he was 17, stalking, and extortion. At least a year prior to the assassination, he confided to a friend his desire to attack someone famous in front of many people. A definitive motive for the crime was not possible to establish. This was an act of intended, yet opportunistic violence toward a national political figure. The dynamics of the case are placed in the context of other attacks on Western European and U.S. politicians.     

Sex offender punishment and the persistence of penal harm in the U.S

The U.S. has dramatically revised its approach to punishment in the last several decades. In particular, people convicted of sex crimes have experienced a remarkable expansion in social control through a wide-range of post-conviction interventions. While this expansion may be largely explained by general punishment trends, there appear to be unique factors that have prevented other penal reforms from similarly modulating sex offender punishment. In part, this continuation of a “penal harm” approach to sex offenders relates to the past under-valuing of sexual victimization. In the “bad old days,” the law and its agents sent mixed messages about sexual violence and sexual offending. Some sexual offending was mere nuisance, some was treatable, and a fraction “deserved” punishment equivalent to other serious criminal offending. In contrast, today's sex offender punishment schemes rarely distinguish formally among gradations of harm or dangerousness. After examining incarceration trends, this article explores the historical context of the current broad brush approach and reviews the unintended consequences. Altogether, this article reinforces the need to return to differentiation among sex offenders, but differentiation based on science and on the experience-based, guided discretion of experts in law enforcement, corrections, and treatment.