论迟子建小说的天人合一观念

在迟子建的小说中，天人合一是最基本的一个文化观念，这种观念主要表现在两个方面：崇尚自然精神，对自然的热爱构成了她的小说人类之爱的重要内核，也是她的小说人类之爱的原始动力；和合精神，对人的物性的体认以及珍惜生命、关爱万物的观点，都是和合精神的具体体现。     

刑事合理性原则初探

法律上的合理性原则,一般与自由裁量权紧密联系。在刑事法律领域,合理性原则与罪刑法定原则一样,其出发点在于对国家行使刑罚权进行必要的限制。在现代刑法理论中,罪刑法定原则最能体现出合法性原则对刑事裁量权的制约。但是,罪刑法定原则也存在一定的不足,这需要合理性原则加以补充;并且,在合法性的前提下,刑罚权的运用、法律解释以及刑事司法中的法官释法、自由裁量等,还需要以合理性加以限制,才不会出现形式的公正造成了实质的不公正的局面。     

The Review of Victoria's Guardianship Legislation: State Policy Development in an Age of Human Rights

This article considers the Victorian government's decision to review the state's guardianship legislation and notes the significant place international human rights developments are playing in that review. The article recognises the opportunities these developments present for reworking the guardianship legislation to increase the autonomy and decision-making power of people with disabilities, but also considers the challenge these developments present to ensuring that society continues to protect its most vulnerable citizens.     

东营市农村人力资源现状及原因分析

加快农村人力资源开发，提高农村人力资源素质，是建设社会主义新农村的根本。东营市农村人力资源数量丰富，但整体科学文化素质低，人力资源结构不合理，人才资源比较匮乏，农村劳动力弱化、老龄化问题凸现。这是思想认识、“二元”结构、教育体系、投资体制、政策法规、市场制度、管理体制等因素共同影响的结果。为此，东营市应强化措施，大力推进农村人力资源开发。     

人力资源能力建设在振兴东北老工业基地中的路径选择

振兴东北老工业基地的关键在于人力资源的开发,尤其在于人力资源能力的开发。本文从观念创新、体制创新、管理创新、组织创新四个方面探讨人力资源能力建设在振兴东北老工业基地中的路径选择,以期对振兴东北老工业基地有所裨益。     

Challenging DNA: Assessment of a range of genotyping approaches for highly degraded forensic samples

It is common in forensic casework to encounter highly degraded DNA samples from a variety of sources. In this category bone and teeth samples are often the principal source of evidential material for criminal investigations or identification of long-deceased individuals. In these circumstances standard STRs are prone to fail due to their long amplicon sizes (since DNA becomes progressively more fragmented as it degrades). To successfully resolve such cases alternative markers can be used and until recently the only other tool available was mitochondrial DNA, which despite being more resistant to degradation, is much less informative. A rapidly developing approach to analyzing degraded DNA is the typing of loci from short-amplicon PCR products based on markers such as mini-STRs and autosomal SNPs. We have performed an analysis of several cases with naturally degraded DNA using established STRs plus mini-STRs and autosomal SNPs in order to make an objective comparison of the performance of each method using challenging DNA. The main aim was to establish the benefits and drawbacks of each marker set to help the practitioner choose the DNA analysis method most suited to the circumstances of each case.     

Recovery of DNA and fingerprints from touched documents

This study investigated the various factors affecting DNA profiling from DNA recovered from fingerprints deposited on paper before and after fingerprint enhancement treatments. The DNeasy^® plant mini kit (QIAGEN^®) was found to improve DNA recovery from paper by over 150% compared with the QIAamp^® mini kit. A significant decrease in the amount of DNA recovered was observed following treatment with DFO and/or Ninhydrin. This decrease in yield did not have a comparably significant effect on the quality of the SGM Plus™ profiles. Furthermore, this study found that whilst certain paper types, such as newspaper, magazine and filter paper allowed for the good recovery of DNA, common office paper and white card, strongly interfered with the recovery of DNA resulting in poor quality profiles.     

Comparison of five DNA quantification methods

Six commercial preparations of human genomic DNA were quantified using five quantification methods: UV spectrometry, SYBR-Green dye staining, slot blot hybridization with the probe D17Z1, Quantifiler™ Human DNA Quantification kit and RB1 rt-PCR. All methods measured higher DNA concentrations than expected based on the information by the manufacturers. UV spectrometry, SYBR-Green dye staining, slot blot and RB1 rt-PCR gave 39, 27, 11 and 12%, respectively, higher concentrations than expected based on the manufacturers’ information. The DNA preparations were quantified using the Quantifiler™ Human DNA Quantification kit in two experiments. The measured DNA concentrations with Quantifiler were 125 and 160% higher than expected based on the manufacturers’ information. When the Quantifiler™ human DNA standard (Raji cell line) was replaced by the commercial human DNA preparation G147A (Promega) to generate the DNA standard curve in the Quantifiler™ Human DNA Quantification kit, the DNA quantification results of the human DNA preparations were 31% higher than expected based on the manufacturers’ information. The results indicate a calibration problem with the Quantifiler™ human DNA standard for its use with the Quantifiler™ Human DNA Quantification kit. The possible reasons for the problem are discussed and a solution is suggested. The results emphasise the need for standard reference DNA material and standard methods for DNA quantification.     

The development of visual and chemical methods for predicting the likelihood of obtaining a DNA profile from degraded bone samples

Gross morphology, histology and nitrogen content were examined in bone samples from individuals that had been buried for approximately 12 years in Kuwait and Iraq. The results indicate that the gross morphology and histology are useful indicators of DNA survival. Nitrogen content did not show a significant correlation with DNA preservation.     

反对强迫自证其罪特权及其诉讼理念

沉默权是反对强迫自证其罪权在刑事诉讼中的体现与保障措施。反对自证其罪特权强调控辩双方的平等 ,体现的是程序公正观。反对自证其罪特权使犯罪嫌疑人 ,被告人的人权保护获得了空前提高。我国设立的反对自证其罪特权应有若干例外规定