On the Rights of Undocumented Children

Changes in immigration laws over the last three to four decades have given rise to unprecedented numbers of undocumented children. However, as others have argued, policies regarding the control of undocumented migration have had deleterious effects on undocumented children and their basic access to social rights. Undocumented youth in the United States can legally attend K-12 education, but cannot legally work, vote, receive financial aid, or drive in most states. Their situation calls for a reexamination of immigration laws and a recasting of the frame that has been used to promote their inclusion.

Pragmatist and Neo‐Classical Policy Paradigms in Public Services: Which is the Better Template for Program Design?

Principal-agent theory alerts principals to their problematic relationship with agents. The former are encouraged to take deliberate action to counter asymmetries in knowledge, moral hazard etc. To avoid this, principals should determine outcomes and contracts and incentives should be designed to achieve them. This approach has influenced the form of purchaser-provider arrangements, including the Job Network. This article reviews impacts, which include incentives for gaming and increased transaction costs. Another survey highlighted the extent to which innovation in the disability employment sector had depended on collaboration, which competition would end. The article then sketches an alternative pragmatic or experimental approach, which assumes that the centre can never establish outcomes that are other than provisional and corrigible. Program design needs to be built around this fundamental fact. Learning not 'carrots and sticks' is the appropriate form of relationship. The article explores the feasibility of this approach in a Job Network context .     

Asylum,welfare and civil society: a case study in civil repair

This paper examines a civil society challenge to UK government legislation withdrawing welfare support from asylum seekers who do not claim on entry to the country. Drawing on the work of Habermas and Alexander, it considers the role of the courts as a deliberative space and elaborates the scope for civil repair in the case of a group rendered marginal by the law. In so doing, it also suggests how links could be made with the broadened conception of citizenship proposed by Isin and Turner.     

The quest for inclusion and citizenship in Ghana: challenges and prospects

Ghana's tortuous journey to democracy received a major boost in the year 2006 with the enactments of two human-rights-related pieces of legislation. In this article the author contends, on the one hand, that the recent enactments of an amendment to the law on representation of the people and the persons with disability law in Ghana constituted a noteworthy landmark in the search for inclusive citizenship. On the other hand, the relation between society and the political authority during the processes of the enactments highlighted characteristics of a post-colonial African state. The author explores the antagonisms that surrounded the enactments of these laws. The article concludes that although the Ghanaian experience represents a new wave of re-thinking of rights in Africa, it also underscores the deep-seated issues of contestation and negotiations that unavoidably accompany the expansion of democracy and extension of rights to the excluded and the marginalized.     

论警务活动人权保障与人的本性

人的本性给予人权,并在一定的历史条件下居于一定的经济结构和文化发展中。为了自身的自由生存、自由生活、自由发展以能够真正掌握自己的命运,必须具有人权。警务活动的主客体作为世界的主体,都具有人的一般本质属性。警务活动保障人权必须把警务活动的对象当做自然存在物、社会存在物、意识存在物、主体存在物来把握。     

农村人力资本投资的影响因素分析

农村人力资本投资不但受到经济发展水平与风险因素的影响,还会受到政府投资政策与投资体制的影响。总得来看,由于政府财力有限以及在投资过程中的城市化倾向、农民收入增长缓慢和人力资本流动造成的风险使得农村人力资本投资水平比较低。     

社区矫正：行刑社会化的必然趋势

社区矫正是一种与传统监狱服刑方式不同的、特殊的服刑方式,它让罪犯在社区中执行刑罚。它的产生有其深厚的理论基础。社区矫正符合当今世界行刑制度的发展潮流,体现了以人为本的思想,有利于犯罪人回归社会,也有利于行刑经济。我国的社区矫正试点工作取得了一定的成绩,但还存在法律依据不足,社会认同程度不高等问题。社区矫正的执行主体由司法行政机关担任比较合适。社区矫正的适用对象应做进一步的合理调整。     

环境规划法律制度在生态城市建设中的作用

城市是一个自然-社会-经济复合生态系统。城市资源和环境容量是有限的,城市的发展必然受到资源与环境条件的制约。为实现可持续发展,对城市中的任何活动都必须考虑资源和环境的生态承载力,不破坏其稳定机制。要发挥环境规划法律制度在生态城市建设中的重要作用,促进城市经济、社会与环境的全面、协调、可持续发展。     

国际人权公约与中国宪法

由于历史背景、立法精神和逻辑起点等不同,《经济、社会和文化权利国际公约》和《公民权利和政治权利国际公约》,这两个国际人权公约与我国宪法存在差异。我国人权宪政机制的整合需要完善国内宪法,发挥解释机制的作用;签署或批准公约时声明保留;正确处理我国宪法与两个国际人权公约的效力问题;人权原则的制度化和法律化等。     

按共同治理原则构建国有企业的治理模式

传统公司治理理论在单一委托—代理框架内强调股东主权以解决所有者与经营者之间的利益冲突。随着人力资本产权理论、利益相关理论和企业社会责任理论兴起 ,尤其是 2 0世纪 80年代在美国兴起的恶意收购浪潮和反收购立法运动 ,人们对传统公司治理的经济学逻辑产生怀疑 ,共同治理原则开始孕育并日益为人们所接受。按照共同治理原则 ,我国国有企业的治理模式关键是在扬弃股东至上原则的基础上确认共同治理主体 ,建立有效的共同治理机制。