当代文论精神症候与文化空间拓展

在东西方文化冲突日益严重的今天,全球化语境中的中国文化精神和身份立场问题,成为汉语文学的重要问题,其基本症候表征为“六多六少”:线性时间观多而境界空间观少、西方话语踪迹多而中国身份少、解构话语多而建构精神少、大众消费话语多而注重文化精品少、热衷于非文学多而关注汉语文化圈的文学少、肉身意义关注多而知识个体的立场关注少。我们应该在中西文论对话基础上,坚持发现东方与文化输出,坚持人类只有在体用之争方面,走向人类之体、世界之用。     

“农民工”的身份界定及法律保护

“农民工”是中国特定的体制下对进城务工农民身份的一种描述。“农民工”是一个充满歧视性的概念,“农民工”身份的构建和认同使“农民工”群体成为了社会中的边缘人,从而阻碍了他们的权利实现与自身发展。“农民工”问题要获得真正解决,就要从根本上淡化并消除对“农民工”这种矛盾身份的定位,并在社会生活中赋予其“产业工人”的身份,从而改变“农民工”的弱势地位,保护其合法权益。     

刍议非法获取、传播身份信息罪

非法获取、传播他人身份信息资料的行为给当事人的人身、财产带来极大的安全隐患。为有效地惩治此类犯罪．节约社会成本．建议刑法对非法获取他人身份信息资料的行为予以规制,具体在刑法第280条第三款后面增设一条非法获取、传播身份信息罪,并将刑法修正案（五）的相关内容并入此处,作为条款之一。非法获取、传播身份信息罪是指窃取、收买或者非法传播他人身份信息资料,数量较大的行为,该罪的主体为一般主体,侵犯的客体为身份信息资料管理秩序和他人的合法权益．犯罪对象为他人重要的身份信息。本罪的客观方面表现为行为人实施了非法获取、传播他人身份信息资料．数量较大的行为．行为方式主要包括窃取、收买或者非法传播。非法提供、持有和收集他人身份信息资料的不构成本罪．必要时可由治安管理处罚法予以调整。本罪的主观方面为故意,即明知自己的行为会对身份信息资料管理秩序和当事人合法利益带来损害而仍决意为之。     

试论虚拟实在和虚拟实践的本质——基于马克思主义物质观和实践观的视角

网络哲学的兴起使虚拟实在和虚拟实践的本质问题变得扑朔迷离。从马克思主义物质观和实践观的视角切入,虚拟实在的本质仍然是物质存在的一种形态,虚拟实践的本质仍然是人类改造客观世界的一种物质活动。无论是虚拟实在,还是虚拟实践,认为它们是意识和物质的统一的观点是不足取的。     

辩诉交易的历史溯源及现实分析

普通法的刑事司法经历了司法不鼓励自白、辩诉交易在实践中广泛开展并最终获得合法性地位的历史过程.当事人主义模糊了民事诉讼与刑事诉讼的界限,辩诉交易的盛行与对抗制诉讼的低效率、不可预测性等因素密切相关.美国的辩诉交易因其导致司法腐败而备受争议.在我国,由于并不存在实行这一制度的内在机制和压力,辩诉交易应当缓行.     

Evaluating expertise in forensic anthropology

The medicolegal system relies on the ability of experts and non-experts alike to make judgments about expertise and use those judgments to reach consequential decisions. Given the lack of standard criteria, mandatory certification, or licensure for establishing expertise required to practice forensic anthropology and testify as an expert witness, we sought to understand how individuals assess and identify expertise in forensic anthropology by using a social science tool called the Imitation Game. This tool assesses immersion in a specific area of study via discourse, with the premise that some individuals lacking expertise themselves imitate or attempt to pass as experts. For this project we recruited volunteers with varying expertise in forensic anthropology to participate in interviews which asked questions about the practice and structure of the discipline. Those interviews were transcribed, anonymized, and evaluated by other recruited individuals with varying expertise in forensic anthropology. Results found that judges who were experts in forensic anthropology performed better than non-expert judges in determining who was not an expert in forensic anthropology based on their anonymized responses; however, nearly half of the non-experts were still able to pass as experts in forensic anthropology. The difficulties in assessing expertise based on discourse interactions demonstrates the value and need for well-defined credentials and mandatory certification to practice forensic anthropology. This study demonstrates that accurately identifying expertise in forensic anthropology may be challenging for both experts and non-experts, especially when relying solely on interactional expertise rather than formal assessments of competency which directly elucidate contributory expertise.     

Deadly Words: State Power and the Entanglement of Speech and Violence in Hate Crime

Any analysis of hate crime that attempts to separate speech from action, language from violence, faces epistemological difficulties that limit the range of conversations about laws responding to identity-based injury in the United States. Active debates have raged over the implications of bias crime sentence enhancement laws for the protection of ‘freespeech’, thus addressing the inextricability of language and meaning from hate crime. Those in favor of legal responses to identity-based injury tend toward essentialist claims which assume the stability of identity and of meanings inherent in words or actions. Those opposed assert the impossibility of codifying the meaning of words or actions in the law, and/or they worry about the reification of (victimized) identities accompanying bias crime statutes. This article argues that the focus on language and speech in these debates simultaneously enables an evasion of discussion about the law's response to bias-related violence, and misleadingly assumes too much stability in the functions of law and the nature of state power. Interviews conducted by the author with individuals involved in a 1992 racist hate crime are used to show the diverse elements of state power suffusing the incident and its aftermath. An analysis of the crime's investigation and prosecution under a Maryland hate crime statute suggests that law enforcement officers are primarily using hate crime laws as public relations tools in a fight against community perceptions that they are themselves bigots. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

文化自觉与当代青年的民族认同

文化自觉既是中华民族与世界其他民族和谐共处之道,也是中国社会内部多民族、多文化之间共同发展之路。在文化自觉的视域下,培育当代青年的民族认同就必须认同本民族文化,加强民族文化的学习,客观地看待外来文化,发挥主体意识,重塑本民族文化,以期最终形成民族精神的凝聚力量,振兴民族文化。     

认同：危机治理的逻辑起点和价值目标——兼议二元社会结构中多元主体的认同困境

在危机治理中,认同作为一种社会资本,能够培养人们对政府政策与制度的支持和参与。认同有助于政府实现社会动员,极大地化解和避免危机,并有助于消除二元结构的认同困境,恢复和发展社会良序。     

Further insights into the construct of criminal social identity: validation of a revised measure in a prison population

The current study objective was to develop a revised version of the Measure of Criminal Social Identity (MCSI) with an increased number of indicators to more reliably capture three MCSI dimensions. Dimensionality and construct validity of the Measure of Criminal Social Identity – Revised (MCSI-R) was examined among a sample of systematically selected inmates (N = 2192). Four competing models of the MCSI-R were specified and tested using Mplus with weighted least squares with mean and variance adjustment estimation. Bifactor model with three meaningful factors (cognitive centrality, in-group affect and in-group ties) while controlling for the general factor was the best fit for the data. Good composite reliability of the three MCSI-R dimensions was established. The three subscales of the MCSI-R evidence differential predictive utility for prisonization, number of incarcerations, self-esteem and violent offending. Practical implications and directions for future research are discussed.