It Takes a Village: Protecting Rural African American Youth in the Context of Racism

Prior research demonstrates negative consequences of racism, however, little is known about community, parenting, and intrapersonal mechanisms that protect youth. Using a mixed-methods approach, this study illuminated linkages between positive and negative contextual influences on rural African American adolescent outcomes. Quantitative results provide support for Structural Ecosystems Theory, in that the influence of discrimination and collective socialization on adolescent outcomes was mediated by racial socialization and positive parenting. Parenting and community influences contributed to adolescent racial identity and self image, which protected against common negative responses to racism; including academic underachievement, succumbing to peer pressure, and aggressive tendencies. Qualitative results indicate that current measures of discrimination may underestimate adolescents’ experiences. Adolescents reported racist experiences in the domains of school, peers, and with the police (males only). Moreover, qualitative findings echoed and expanded quantitative results with respect to the importance of the protective nature of parents and communities.

"相对剥夺"理论视角下的农村盗窃问题研究

当前新农村建设如火如荼,可愈演愈烈的农村盗窃问题却严重影响着新农村建设的全面协调发展。本文试运用“相对剥夺”理论对农村盗窃问题予以探讨,以揭示农村盗窃问题产生的深层根源,并据此提出解决农村盗窃问题的措施,从而有效遏制及防止农村盗窃问题的发生,最终保障社会主义新农村建设的顺利进行。     

‘Who were those People?’: The Labour Party and the Invisibility of the Working Class

Labour’s historic cross-class alliance of ‘workers by hand and by brain’ has endured a hundred years, but it has never looked so vulnerable as today. Brexit, in particular, has spectacularly exposed—and widened—a crack in the alliance. On opposite sides of the argument sits a high proportion of the Labour party’s working-class supporters (the so-called ‘left behinds’) and the liberal and relatively affluent middle classes (the so-called ‘metropolitan elites’). Much of the traction in the Brexit debate was, and still is, achieved through ‘identity politics’. But where the question of class is concerned, this is not as new as it can sometimes seem. No one used the term ‘identity politics’ in the early twentieth century, but Labour representation, from the very start, had an important psychological dimension to it. It exploited a formidable and tenacious working class desire ‘to be counted’ and not be pushed into the shadows of public life. The notions of respect and humiliation (or outraged respect) continued to provide vital sources of fuel in the growth of the Labour Party for the next fifty years, and beyond. If the party is to have a future, it will need to get to grips with the feeling of many of its traditional supporters that they do not count anymore. And to better understand that feeling, it could look with profit to its own past for guidance.     

社会稳定视域下的四川藏区藏族民族认同和国家认同整合途径

民族认同与国家认同的整合,有助于四川藏区的民族团结和区域发展。建构四川藏区藏族民族认同与国家认同一体化的心理整合机制是维护四川藏区社会稳定的现实需要。其具体措施包括:加快社会发展,共享改革成果;强化基层职能,创建和谐藏区;建构公民身份,树立公民意识;倡导核心价值观,培育中华民族共同体意识。     

How Organizational Identity Affects Hospital Performance: Comparing Predictive Power of Mission Statements and Sector Affiliation

Abstract

Organizational identity is an important concept in organizational theory, as it can contextualize the behavior of organizations and members. The literature presents divergent perspectives on organizational identity: some studies have characterized organizational identity as constrained by institutional forces, whereas others have contended it is socially constructed by organizational members. Studies have largely focused on the former perspective, measuring organizational identity by sector affiliation; the latter approach has rarely been empirically tested. Therefore, in addition to sector affiliation, this article proposes a different approach to operationalizing organizational identity by examining hospitals’ mission statements. The study also examines which of these dual forces have more predictive power regarding organizational performance. Together with hospitals’ sector affiliation, we test how the presence and frequency of mission statement language regarding access, cost, quality, or unique organizational values affect hospitals’ various performance metrics. Regression analyses with 172 acute hospitals in Florida reveal significant relationships between types of mission statement content, sectors, and performance indicators.     

Critical peacebuilding and the dilemma of difference: the stigma of the ‘local’ and the quest for equality

Recent research has revealed the need to include and understand local actors in order to improve the effectiveness of peacebuilding. According to these analyses, peacebuilding could become more respectful of cultural differences thanks to a genuine engagement with the specificities of the local. Empirical studies of the ‘different’ local have thus flourished in the field with the ambition of countering the universalist tendency of traditional peacebuilding. Through the use of the concept of ‘dilemma of difference’, this article challenges this intuitive argument and argues that these approaches risk reproducing a stigma attached to the ‘different’ local. Indeed, emphasising difference in order to ensure its respect means separating and reifying ‘it’ as a deviation from the norm(al). As such, this analytical strategy is likely to recreate the stigma that contributed to the exclusion of local actors in previous peacebuilding practice and research. In contrast, I outline three strategies for studying difference differently in peacebuilding: focusing on the institutional arrangements that enabled specific differences to emerge and become visible; recognising that these differences are internal to peacebuilding (and thus an unlikely source of alternative and emancipation); and revealing the unstated and implicit Self for/from whom local difference is relevant.     

Organizational Identity,Image, and Reputation: Examining the Influence on Perceptions of Employer Attractiveness in Public Sector Organizations

The active management of an organization’s image, identity and overall reputation can result in a range of benefits including attracting larger and higher quality job applicant pools, fostering an improved overall impression of the firm in potential employees’ minds and retaining and engendering loyalty amongst current employees. How these concepts apply in the public sector remains nascent. This paper reviews the extant literature on identity, image, and reputation and identifies how and why these concepts are salient for exploring current and potential employees’ perceptions of the public sector as an employer. A conceptual model is developed through reviewing organizational characteristics of public sector entities and proposing how these may influence employees’ image, identity and reputation perceptions of the employer attractiveness of the sector.     

青少年抢劫犯罪研究

抢劫犯罪的频发对构建和谐社会危害极大,而青少年在抢劫犯罪中占有很大比例,因此研究青少年抢劫犯罪的特点、成因、对策,对于预防、遏制抢劫犯罪,构建和谐社会尤为重要.     

新形势下盗窃犯罪若干问题探究

《刑法修正案（八）》增加了盗窃罪的行为方式,对该罪的定罪量刑进行了调整,包括细化追诉标准、认定犯罪停止形态等。文章分析了入户盗窃、扒窃、携带凶器盗窃的认定与适用,认为将“入户盗窃”和“扒窃”作为行为犯对待更符合立法原意和宗旨,同时这种新增的犯罪未遂形态与犯罪理论的停止形态也并不矛盾。     

“冒充公检法”诈骗中犯罪嫌疑人的身份建构：社会符号学视角

电信网络诈骗是一种非接触式犯罪,无论犯罪嫌疑人采用什么样的科技手段,主要的媒介是语言。社会符号学强调符号在社会行动和交际中的功能。犯罪嫌疑人调用相关话语资源与语言策略对身份进行选择与建构的动态过程,是符号在语境再构下的解释和再解释过程。在“冒充公检法”类诈骗中,犯罪嫌疑人运用语类模板中的话语资源编造虚假信息,构建虚拟语境,通过话语实践确立虚假身份,利用话语策略实现不同身份的多元转换。在话语交际过程中,犯罪嫌疑人一方面限制受话人对话语资源的权力与控制,另一方面拓展对话空间加强与受话人之间的协商与互动,将目标身份通过语言符号经由对方建构,在确立自身的“机构代表身份”和受话人的“违法者身份”后,达到获取受话人信任、骗取钱财的交际目的。