刑事诉讼中的程序性制裁问题探讨

程序性制裁是刑事诉讼法所规定的 ,对侦查、起诉、审判人员等实施程序性违法行为所应承担的程序上的不利法律后果。程序性违法行为必须要加以制裁 ,否则实践中屡屡出现的刑讯逼供、超期羁押、侵犯被追诉者合法权利等违反程序法律的现象就无法遏制。程序性制裁不同于实体性制裁 ,对我国现有的程序性制裁加以反思并加以重构 ,是刑事诉讼法的一个创新 ,对研究诉讼程序的独立价值指出了法律保障机制     

透视复合罪过的心理机制

复合罪过是对传统的犯罪主观心理状态理论的一个新的探索。作者运用类型学方法论来分析和论证这一提法的合理性和科学性,并从认识的模糊性,意志的缺失性,情感的矛盾性等特征透视复合罪过的心理机制。     

作为过错侵权责任构成要件的非法性与过错——我国过错侵权责任制度应当采取的规则

非法性同过错的区分原则仅仅是少数国家的法律所规定的现象,大多数国家的侵权法认为过错同非法行为是内涵和外延等同的概念;过错实际上是一种注意义务的违反行为,是一种非法行为;将非法行为看作过错之外的独立构成要件既违反了我国《民法通则》的明确规定,也违反了民法所贯彻的法典内在平衡的公共政策,还违反了当代侵权法的发展潮流;废除主观过错理论,确立客观过错理论是我国未来侵权法应当坚持的重要原则。     

Societal and Managerial Implications of Implicit Social Cognition: Why Milliseconds Matter

This article argues for the vulnerability of managerial work to unintended forms of racial and other bias. Recent insights into implicit social cognition are summarized, highlighting the prevalence of those mental processes that are relatively unconscious and automatic, and employed in understanding the self and others. Evidence from a response-time measure of implicit bias, the Implicit Association Test, (IAT; Greenwald, McGhee, and Schwartz, 1998) illustrates this phenomenon. Recent work on the predictive validity of the IAT demonstrates that social cognitive pitfalls threaten a) managers' explicit commitments to egalitarianism and meritocracy and b) managers' performance in their three primary roles of processing information, interacting with others, and making decisions (Mintzberg, 1973). Implicit bias influences managerial behavior in unexpected ways, and this influence is heightened in the messy, pressured, and distracting environments in which managers operate.     

How the Need for Cognition Scale Predicts Behavior in Mock Jury Deliberations

The role of Need for Cognition (NC) in mock jury deliberations was examined. Study 1 showed that when groups of 4 (2 high and 2 low in NC) deliberated together, high-NCs spoke significantly longer than low-NCs and were perceived as more active and more persuasive. High-NCs were not, however, viewed as generating arguments that were more valid or more logical. In Study 2, participants deliberated in dyads with a confederate who delivered either strong or weak arguments against the participant's position. Contrary to expectation, low-NCs were more responsive to differences in argument quality. The findings suggest that, in mock jury deliberations, high-NCs are the active participators whereas low-NCs are the quiet contemplators. Implications for legal practice and policy are discussed.     

现场犯罪信息在刑事侦查工作中的运用

现场犯罪信息是指犯罪嫌疑人在现场留下的各种痕迹物证 ,以及侦查人员通过现场表面客观事物的变化所获得的一种理性认识。进行现场勘查 ,重点在于正确引导、开拓侦查人员的思路 ,而不拘泥于现场的“事实”或表面现象 ,以充分发挥侦查人员的主观能动性 ,把握住事物在本质上的联系     

论信念在认识中的作用

信念在认识中具有多方面的作用 ,其中最基本的是以下三种作用 :信念是认识事物的精神支柱 ;信念是认识活动的内部参照系 ;信念是通向真理的内在要素。主体信念的变化与其所处的外部社会文化环境的变化并非绝对同步的 ,主体信念具有自身的相对独立性。     

司法认知初论

司法认知作为一项证据规则 ,在世界各国被广泛运用。司法认知对于免除当事人举证负担、节约诉讼时间和成本、提高诉讼效率等有重要意义。我国诉讼法没有明确规定这一规则 ,法学界对该规则尚未给予足够的重视。笔者以为 ,我国在将来的立法中应建立司法认知规则。     

罪犯角色认知的误区及对策

角色认知是一个人社会化的重要内容,罪犯在改造中,存在着角色认知的误区,导致角色行为与现实脱节,不能正确认知自己所扮演的社会角色,产生角色冲突,导致角色失败。因此,在改造中,强化罪犯的角色认知意识,是转化罪犯的前提条件。     

Distributive and procedural justice in the workplace

The interrelatedness of procedural and distributive justice has implications for organizational practice, especially in the area of performance appraisal. I explore these implications by first describing how procedures can influence perceptions of distributive justice: Procedural improprieties can bring to mind the possibility that a more just outcome might have been obtained if only more acceptable practices had been followed. Next I discuss a second form of interrelatedness — how distributive consequences can influence perceptions of procedural justice — by suggesting that the fairness of a procedure can be assessed in terms of its expected-value (typical or most probable) outcome. These points are illustrated by a discussion of howvoice, or the opportunity for employees to contribute information during the performance appraisal process, can affect both appraisal accuracy and perception of fairness.