单亲大学生网络认知和行为特征及其发展研究

网络空间生存已构成单亲大学生生活的重要组成部分。四年里，在对10余所大学4237名大学生（其中单亲家庭子女329名）进行问卷调查的基础上，就网络功能使用、网络应对行为、网络成瘾、网络交往、网络游戏、网恋、黑客行为特征和网络认知等，将单亲大学生与普通大学生进行了对比、分析和研究，探讨单亲大学生网络认知和行为特征及发展趋势，为大学生网络德育针对性和实效性政策制定提供实证依据。     

分析法学视角下的法律行为“合法性”

法律行为合法性难题经久不衰。依据规范分析法学,词语意义的探究以其正确的使用范围为基础,有效、无效乃是私法评价法律行为的特定词语,当用合法与违法的术语来评价法律行为时,虽不能揭示出法律行为的具体效果,但却为公法规范进入民法自治领域提供了渠道。这两套用语体系存在的基础在于公法、私法的区分。公法与私法的表达方法尽管不同,但其内在价值秩序应当是统一的,其落脚点都是人,法律爱每一个人。     

基于员工认知调适的心理契约改善路径选择

心理契约是联系组织与员工的心理纽带，如果员工的心理契约被破坏，就可能产生负面的工作态度和行为，从而降低组织的工作绩效、凝聚力。员工认知调适的具体路径有四：一是对具有不同个性特征的员工进行差别化的认知调适；二是减少信息不对称以减少认知偏差；三是合理调节中间变量以调适员工认知，促其回归认知理性；四是通过个人价值观的渗透使员工认知与组织价值观契合。     

Subjectivity and bias in forensic DNA mixture interpretation

The objectivity of forensic science decision making has received increased attention and scrutiny. However, there are only a few published studies experimentally addressing the potential for contextual bias. Because of the esteem of DNA evidence, it is important to study and assess the impact of subjectivity and bias on DNA mixture interpretation. The study reported here presents empirical data suggesting that DNA mixture interpretation is subjective. When 17 North American expert DNA examiners were asked for their interpretation of data from an adjudicated criminal case in that jurisdiction, they produced inconsistent interpretations. Furthermore, the majority of 'context free' experts disagreed with the laboratory's pre-trial conclusions, suggesting that the extraneous context of the criminal case may have influenced the interpretation of the DNA evidence, thereby showing a biasing effect of contextual information in DNA mixture interpretation.     

论后实证主义法学时代的刑事违法观

我国传统的刑事违法观具有鲜明的形式化色彩,违法性范畴在这一观念之下没有实质的功能可言。近年来我国刑事违法观出现了实质化的倾向,在后实证主义法学视野下,这一倾向明显具有法学思想史意义上的合理性。后实证主义法学时代的刑事违法观是辩证的刑事违法观,违法性应当成为独立于犯罪构成要件形式化判断之外的实质性犯罪判断阶段。     

论内在的客观处罚条件

在犯罪构成四要件说中，客观处罚条件没有存在余地。但是，在我国刑法立法中，已经出现一些关于客观处罚条件的条文。如何理解和适用这些规定是理论上不可回避的问题。国外的通说认为，所有的客观处罚条件都不要求行为人认识和预见。但是，笼统地看待客观处罚条件，有将复杂问题简单化之嫌。坚持阶层式的犯罪成立要件理论，根据某种条件和违法性的关系密切程度，可以将客观处罚条件分为内在的客观处罚条件和外在的客观处罚条件。承认内在的客观处罚条件概念，客观的超过要素概念就没有必要再提倡。     

Visual attention and expertise for forensic signature analysis

Eye tracking was used to measure visual attention of nine forensic document examiners (FDEs) and 12 control subjects on a blind signature comparison trial. Subjects evaluated 32 questioned signatures (16 genuine, eight disguised, and eight forged) which were compared, on screen, with four known signatures of the specimen provider while their eye movements, response times, and opinions were recorded. FDEs' opinions were significantly more accurate than controls, providing further evidence of FDE expertise. Both control and FDE subjects looked at signature features in a very similar way and the difference in the accuracy of their opinions can be accounted for by different cognitive processing of the visual information that they extract from the images. In a separate experiment the FDEs re-examined a reordered set of the same 32 questioned signatures. In this phase each signature was presented for only 100 msec to test if eye movements are relevant in forming opinions; performance significantly dropped, but not to chance levels indicating that the examination process comprises a combination of both global and local feature extraction strategies.     

陈水扁应对政治危机的心理与行为模式

陈水扁上台以来,台湾的政治危机频繁发生,陈水扁在应对危机的过程中表现出的心理和行为模式值得分析。陈水扁在政治社会化过程中形成的政治意象会对其心理认知产生影响。陈水扁应对政治危机的心理认知模式包括“权力傲慢的心理认知”、“缺乏安全感的心理认知”、“机会主义的心理认知”等。他的主要行为模式是“静观其变—凝聚内部—煽动对立—获利妥协”。陈水扁应对政治危机的心理与行为模式会对他的政治人格、台湾政局和两岸关系产生一定的影响。     

公平理念与环境侵权

本文运用公平理念探讨了环境侵权的构成问题,认为对环境侵权的违法性应作实质性理解,并提出了环境侵权推定因果关系的新构想即"正反因果关系说",提出了对环境侵权的正当防卫和紧急避险主张和共同环境侵权与混合过错环境侵权的责任制度。