A Direct Aqueous Derivatization GSMS Method for Determining Benzoylecgonine Concentrations in Human Urine

A sensitive and reliable method for extraction and quantification of benzoylecgonine (BZE) and cocaine (COC) in urine is presented. Propyl‐chloroformate was used as derivatizing agent, and it was directly added to the urine sample: the propyl derivative and COC were then recovered by liquid–liquid extraction procedure. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry was used to detect the analytes in selected ion monitoring mode. The method proved to be precise for BZE and COC both in term of intraday and interday analysis, with a coefficient of variation (CV) <6%. Limits of detection (LOD) were 2.7 ng/mL for BZE and 1.4 ng/mL for COC. The calibration curve showed a linear relationship for BZE and COC (r² >0.999 and >0.997, respectively) within the range investigated. The method, applied to thirty authentic samples, showed to be very simple, fast, and reliable, so it can be easily applied in routine analysis for the quantification of BZE and COC in urine samples.     

Correlation Between Average Tissue Depth Data and Quantitative Accuracy of Forensic Craniofacial Reconstructions Measured by Geometric Surface Comparison Method

Accuracy is the most important factor supporting the reliability of forensic facial reconstruction (FFR) comparing to the corresponding actual face. A number of methods have been employed to evaluate objective accuracy of FFR. Recently, it has been attempted that the degree of resemblance between computer‐generated FFR and actual face is measured by geometric surface comparison method. In this study, three FFRs were produced employing live adult Korean subjects and three‐dimensional computerized modeling software. The deviations of the facial surfaces between the FFR and the head scan CT of the corresponding subject were analyzed in reverse modeling software. The results were compared with those from a previous study which applied the same methodology as this study except average facial soft tissue depth dataset. Three FFRs of this study that applied updated dataset demonstrated lesser deviation errors between the facial surfaces of the FFR and corresponding subject than those from the previous study. The results proposed that appropriate average tissue depth data are important to increase quantitative accuracy of FFR.     

尼龙植绒拭子与棉拭子血痕DNA分型效果比较

目的探讨尼龙植绒拭子与棉拭子血痕DNA分型检验的效果。方法取抗凝全血用去离子水倍量稀释2、4、8、16、32、64、128倍,各取1μL分别滴加于尼龙植绒拭子与棉拭子头部,干燥制成血痕,应用Chelex-100提取每个浓度两种材质拭子的血痕样本DNA,采用Identifiler Plus试剂盒进行复合扩增,3500XL型遗传分析仪进行检测,对比各组DNA分型检验成功率。结果 1检验成功率:稀释16~64倍尼龙植绒拭子血痕均明显高于相同稀释倍数的棉拭子血痕(P0.001);其余浓度血痕两种材质拭子的检验成功率无明显差异;2分型图谱峰高和均衡性:不同浓度尼龙植绒拭子血痕峰高多为棉拭子血痕的2倍以上,16~64倍稀释血痕尼龙植绒拭子均衡性更好。结论尼龙植绒血痕拭子的检验效果优于棉拭子血痕,在微量血痕检验时优势更明显。     

沥青混合料劈裂试验的扩展有限元法数值模拟

扩展有限元法是近年来迅速发展的一种新型数值方法,为了深入分析沥青混合料在荷载作用下的破损机理,将该方法引入到沥青路面计算,以沥青混合料劈裂试验为例,利用ABAQUS有限元软件,采用双线性内聚力模型模拟劈裂试验裂纹扩展过程,并将数值模拟结果和试验结果进行了比较分析.结果表明数值计算结果和试验结果吻合很好,扩展有限元法应用于沥青路面结构计算分析是可行的,可供工程技术人员参考.     

试论公安文化建设的路径选择

公安文化是当今时代文化的重要组成部分,是增强公安队伍凝聚力、向心力的精神纽带。公安文化具有导向、约束、塑造和激励的功能。加强公安文化建设意义重大而深远,它是指导民警行为的思想基础,能够提升民警的涵养和品位,有利于发挥公安文化的战斗力,有利于实现"文化强警"的战略目标。加强公安文化建设可以从宣传教育、制度建设、行为转化、品质内化、完善制度和强化评估六个环节进行。     

社会学方法的法学意义

社会学方法对法律认识的影响是逐渐形成并展开的。起初社会理论对法律问题的关注目的在于搜集一些所谓的社会材料,可是,随着法社会学的形成与发展,法学与社会学之间构成了一种良性的互浸关系。这种穿行于法律与社会之间的认识活动,不仅为社会理论提供了丰富的法律材料,更为法律认识开辟了一种多元化的方法指向。     

新时期干部教育研究方法与方法论浅析

在干部教育研究的实际过程当中,如何运用科学的方法进行科学的研究,是干部教育研究的关键所在。作为一个干部教育工作者,必须熟练掌握各种各类研究方法和技术,并科学地运用到干部教育的研究工作中去,提高干部教育研究的"信度"和"效度",为我国新时期的干部教育事业作出自己的努力。     

萨维尼法学方法论中的体系化方法

萨维尼认为,法学是一门哲学性(体系性)的科学。在法学方法论讲义中,萨维尼针对法律体系的内容与形式提出了体系化方法的四条规则。他在《现代罗马法体系》一书中,以法律关系为切入点,成功地运用体系化方法整合了罗马法(民法)的体系。萨维尼的体系化方法对法律体系的内在关联性及其所蕴含的理念内核的强调为当代法学方法论提供了一些思想元素。