论美国“文化遗产犯罪量刑准则”及其对我国的启示

美国＂文化遗产犯罪量刑准则＂是在美国＂1987年量刑准则＂基础上制定、专门针对文化遗产犯罪的刑事处罚制度。＂文化遗产犯罪量刑准则＂以确定性的量刑方法为指导,实施量刑等级制度。其主要特色在于确定了若干加重量刑的标准,较以往的美国有关文化遗产犯罪的法律在量刑上更为确定和严厉。借鉴美国＂文化遗产犯罪量刑准则＂,克服我国文化遗产犯罪的刑事处罚制度中存在的保护范围不太广、量刑情节不具体等缺陷,无疑有利于加强我国文化遗产的法律保护。     

法学专业教学质量评估的制度构想

随着高等教育的逐步发展与成熟 ,对教育质量的监控与评估成为一个非常引人关注的问题。法学专业由于自身的特色 ,所以其质量的保证具有鲜明的时代意义。在以往院校评估的制度与经验的基础之上 ,对于法学专业评估制度进行建构是当务之急。专业评估应当分层次、注重针对性、达到科学化。专业评估的依据是国家有关立法和法学教育的内在要求 ;专业评估的目的是以评促建、以评促改 ;专业评估应注重体现法学教育质量的基本方面 ,如专业教师师资、图书资料、教学方案、学生表现等。     

Mock terrorists decisions’ concerning use of the internet for target selection: a red-team approach

In this study we sought to identify which locations appear more, or less, attractive to a terrorist in planning an attack and to investigate what attributes of those locations influence preferences. A sample of undergraduate university students (N?=?147) were given the role of terrorists, and provided with five potential attack locations, including a pedestrian mall, a shopping center, a train station, a university and an airport. After using the Internet to learn about the target locations, participants placed the locations in rank-order from most to least preferred as targets and indicated why they had selected those targets. Results showed both a clear rank-order of target preferences: locations perceived as being more crowded were more preferred, while locations with a greater security presence were less preferred. Results also demonstrated a moderate positive correlation between the amount of online information viewed for a specific location and the preference for that location as a terrorist target, where participants who viewed more online content for a particular location were more likely to also prefer that location as a terrorist target. Findings from this study can potentially be used to reduce the likelihood of a terrorist attack occurring on specific locations, by altering the publicly available information on that location regarding the security and how crowded that location is.