The associations between abuse characteristics in child sexual abuse: a meta-analysis

Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a general term describing a wide range of events that vary in characteristics such as the victim’s age of onset, relationship to the perpetrator, abuse quantity, degree of contact, and use of force. To investigate correlations and provide information on the clustering of these characteristics, the present meta-analysis included data from 14,494 sexually abused individuals from 62 empirical peer-reviewed studies and doctoral theses. The results showed that victims of intrafamilial abuse were younger than victims of extrafamilial abuse. More force was used in abuse including higher degrees of physical contact. Intrafamilial abuse and early onset of abuse showed no statistically significant associations with either use of force or closer physical contact. Abuse was more frequent and/or committed over a longer time period when it (a) featured more contact or force, (b) involved a relative as a perpetrator, or (c) commenced when the child was younger. The associations were weak to moderate in strength.     

蛇郎蛇女故事中禁忌母题的文化解读

运用母题学的研究方法,从蛇郎蛇女型故事中提择出禁忌母题,并对其不同的表现形态进行文化释读最初的与现实生活中相对应的图腾禁忌习俗建立了一种牢固的互惠关系,后来的则透示了人与自然之间难以消解的对立;异类的设禁和人类的违禁是这种对立的行为显现.     

纹面为美:美学哥德巴赫猜想题解之一

自由创造美的行为是建立在两大基本需求基础之上的,那就是“两种生产”,即生活资料的生产与人类自身的生产。在美和艺术起源探讨上,我们以往注意了解决人类生存的物质生产,而比较忽略危及人类生存的自身生产。在美的概念产生之前,人们对一切违反乱伦禁忌的行为,都视为“丑恶”。纹面符号最早成为婚姻集团和级别制度的标志。这种因禁忌带来的更大的诱惑力和意志力,极大地刺激了婚姻禁忌标志的制作和美的创造。在母系氏族社会内,女性优先获得这种创造美的自由。“美”就是一个由“人”和鱼蛙纹纹面符号“︽︽”组成的合体象形文。“美在健康、和谐、愉悦的婚姻关系”,这是从亘古到当今的人类一直不懈的追求,它能带给我们关于“以人为本”的许多美的启示。     

Effects of older brother-younger sister incest: A review of four cases

This study describes the self-reported histories of four women who experience long-term negative effects from childhood incest with their older brothers. In all of these cases the women describe symptoms of low self-esteem and guilt, in relation to their role in the incest. Other perceived long-term harmful effects vary according to the amount of force or coercion used by the brothers, the duration of the incest, and parental response to the incest. These include depression, difficulties with trusting others, and sexual dysfunction. The women also describe the dysfunction in their families-of-origin that contribute to their perceptions of the incest.     

英语中的委婉表达

英语委婉语包括禁忌语的替代形式和英语的礼貌表达等几方面。替代形式从功能上分,主要有:避免刺激,给人以安慰;消除粗俗,给人以文雅;摒弃陈腐,给人以新颖。礼貌表达主要包括:命令、请求的礼貌表达;批评、指责的礼貌表达;拒绝的礼貌表达。在跨文化交际中,了解和掌握委婉表达的实际运用十分重要。     

寻找最初的礼——对礼字形成过程的法文化考察

礼起源于对战胜之神玉琮的崇拜，礼生成于战斗之舞旄舞的仪式规则，礼奠基于两性与婚姻生活的禁忌，礼最终完善于宗法贵族式的政权模式。     

民间故事对禁忌习俗的攻击及其中心话语

禁忌的本质是虚妄的.在民间故事中,禁忌本身及恪守禁忌的人往往成为被嘲笑和攻击的对象.这种嘲禁型母题显示出对不合时宜的"传统"进行颠覆的强大力量,从一个侧面颂扬了广大民众蔑视迷信的科学生活态度.语言禁忌之所以构成了此母题的中心话语,完全是由于语言禁忌的现实处境所致.     

(Re)Drawing the Lines on Marriage and Sexuality

The campaign for same‐sex marriage is animated by two, contradictory impulses: a libertarian‐egalitarian strain that continually expands the boundaries of what is publicly legitimate; and a conservative one that seeks to reinforce traditional boundaries. Democratic polities would benefit from public discussion on whether to retain normative, sexual boundaries, and if so, what they should reasonably be. I outline a moderately conservative agenda that would limit public legitimacy to sexually exclusive monogamy (heterosexual or homosexual), but informally tolerate most, consenting, nonconventional sexual practices. A spirit of humility, empathy and tragedy will help us to exercise reasonable judgement as we redraw the lines on marriage and sexuality.     

Alleged Biological Father Incest: A Forensic Approach

Paternal incest is one of the most serious forms of intrafamilial sexual abuse with clinical, social, and legal relevance. A retrospective study was performed, based on forensic reports and judicial decisions of alleged cases of biological paternal incest of victims under 18 years old (n = 215) from 2003 to 2008. Results highlight that in a relevant number of cases: victims were female; the abuse begun at an early age with reiteration; the alleged perpetrator presented a history of sexual crimes against children; sexual practices were physically poorly intrusive, which associated with a forensic medical evaluation performed more than 72 h after the abuse, explain partially the absence of physical injuries or other evidence—these last aspects are different from extrafamilial cases. In conclusion, observations about paternal incest are likely to exacerbate the psychosocial consequences of the abuse and may explain the difficulty and delay in detect and disclose these cases. Few cases were legally prosecuted and convicted.