中国船舶碰撞之法律概念研究

《中华人民共和国海商法》明确规定了船舶碰撞的法律概念。然而,在司法实践和理论研究中,却存在着船舶"直接碰撞"和"间接碰撞"的争论,并由此导致了对同种事故的不同裁决。从文义解释、法律概念的生成及特征、立法技术等角度,运用比较、分析的方法对船舶碰撞的法律概念进行比较全面和深入的研究,以期能够明确船舶碰撞的法律概念,对统一船舶碰撞法律适用、维护司法法律权威有所裨益。     

卫生行政执法领域《行政强制法》实施涉及的若干问题探析

《行政强制法》的实施将推进行政领域的全面法治。对照该法的立法精神,从卫生行政执法领域入手,具体分析了卫生行政强制领域暴露出的问题,包括一些强制措施设定的合法性及配套程序的缺失、行政强制执行效率低下及行政执法主体法定资格等,在此基础上提出了相应建议。     

对执法为民几个问题的思考

公安机关和公安执法工作要真正做到执法为民,首要的是澄清认识问题。一是如何定位公安机关的角色?二是如何界定警察的权利和义务?三是如何行使警察权力?四是如何看待警务保障?只有澄清这些认识问题,才能使公安工作的每一个方面、每一个环节都真正体现人民的愿望、满足人民的需要、维护人民的利益,真正做到执法为民。     

DOES UNDOCUMENTED IMMIGRATION INCREASE VIOLENT CRIME?*

Despite substantial public, political, and scholarly attention to the issue of immigration and crime, we know little about the criminological consequences of undocumented immigration. As a result, fundamental questions about whether undocumented immigration increases violent crime remain unanswered. In an attempt to address this gap, we combine newly developed estimates of the unauthorized population with multiple data sources to capture the criminal, socioeconomic, and demographic context of all 50 states and Washington, DC, from 1990 to 2014 to provide the first longitudinal analysis of the macro‐level relationship between undocumented immigration and violence. The results from fixed‐effects regression models reveal that undocumented immigration does not increase violence. Rather, the relationship between undocumented immigration and violent crime is generally negative, although not significant in all specifications. Using supplemental models of victimization data and instrumental variable methods, we find little evidence that these results are due to decreased reporting or selective migration to avoid crime. We consider the theoretical and policy implications of these findings against the backdrop of the dramatic increase in immigration enforcement in recent decades.     

智能化环境行政执法探析

适应"互联网+"大数据时代环境法治建设需要,我国智能化环境行政执法迅速发展起来,但是受资金、技术和管理等因素制约,智能化环境行政执法还存在一些问题,如智能化监控设备归属权及定位模糊、监测数据不准确、监控与执法脱节等。为解决这些问题,我国应进一步完善相关的法律法规体系,明确在线监测主体,加大资金及技术投入的规范化管理,完善智能化环境行政执法的公众参与机制,进而解决环境行政执法中企业污染物排放量监控及环境责任承担的问题,使智能化环境行政执法成为大数据时代执法的重要形式。     

China's campaign-style Internet finance governance: Causes,effects, and lessons learned for new information-based approaches to governance,

China's Internet companies and citizens are now world leaders in developing and using the Internet and related information technologies for financial transactions. Accordingly, it is important that China becomes a world leader in identifying challenges posed by Internet finance, and providing law and governance solutions to address these challenges. While the Internet and its associated technologies are now globally available, a core question is whether, and to what extent, regulatory challenges and opportunities are common across different jurisdictions, or whether they reflect local circumstances. In short, an interesting question is what can the world learn from China as it takes the lead in addressing Internet finance challenges, and what can China learn from the world as it seeks to do so?This article first identifies the landscape of China's burgeoning Internet finance market, including key technologies and services and government and nongovernment players. The article then turns to key regulatory challenges, with a focus on factors especially significant in China. The article then examines the “top down” “campaign style” approach to regulation, which is China government's initial response to emerging challenges. Following an analysis of the campaign, some suggestions are then made for future possible governance strategies. We explain how emerging “information” based and experiment-based approaches to governance are drawing on both global and Chinese experiences to harness the capabilities of the Internet and the collective energies of Internet finance enterprises and users to advance the regulation of the China Internet finance system in a way that is conducive to the public interest.     

德法行政合同制度之比较

行政合同作为一种有效的行政活动方式 ,在世界上的许多国家得到了越来越广泛的应用。通过对德、法两国在行政合同上识别标准、适用范围、权利义务配置、情势变更中的变更和解除、强制执行等一些重要问题进行对比分析 ,揭示了以上两个大陆法系国家在行政合同制度和理论中存在的一些共性和差异 ,并希望以此对行政合同理论研究提供一些国外法上的借鉴     

警察巡逻综合执法的定位选择

我国警察巡逻综合执法是在职能单一的警察巡逻"警种化"情况下提出来的,经过职责"社会化"的探索后回归到"勤务化"进程。职责"社会化"的警察巡逻综合执法存在削弱治安管理功能、违反职权法定原则、带来新的职权冲突、违反法治精神等缺陷;"勤务化"的警察巡逻综合执法具有提高行政执法效率、遏制执法行为腐败、促进警察机构精简等优势。"多警合一"的模式推进了警察巡逻综合执法职责"勤务化"的发展与创新。     

论赋予行政执法机关经济犯罪案件的调查权

当前我国经济犯罪的形势较为严峻，为加大对经济犯罪的控制力度，除了要增加对公安机关的司法资源的投入，加强经侦警力．提高干警素质外，还应当在立法上赋予公安机关以外的行政执法部门对经济犯罪的调查权，并与公安机关的侦查权有机结合．形成打击经济犯罪的强大合力．     

国内警察心理研究现状分析

运用文献资料法对国内警察心理研究现状分析认为：警察心理引起了有关领导、专家、学者的高度关注，并对警察的心理健康问题进行了广泛研究，而对警察执法活动结果产生直接影响的警察执法心理尤其是执法战斗心理尚未引起科研工作者的重视，今后应加强警察执法心理研究。