起点公平的统计测度与监测预警研究

文章界定了起点公平的内涵,设计了起点公平的评价指标,提出了起点公平的测度方法,构建了起点公平的预警机制。基于1985-2017年31个省份的面板数据,对我国起点公平进行统计测度和监测预警分析。研究结果表明：(1)我国(以及东部、中部与西部三大地区)起点公平度总体上处于比较公平状态,呈现上升趋势,其中就业公平度、公共自然资源公平度与公共基础设施公平度依次处于比较不公平、相对公平和比较公平状态,教育公平度与公共医疗卫生公平度处于非常公平状态;(2)现阶段与未来几年我国及三大地区起点公平度(教育公平度、就业公平度、公共医疗卫生公平度、公共基础设施公平度与公共自然资源公平度)总体上均处于无警状态。这一研究结论提供了重要的政策启示。     

The Legal Infrastructure for Creativity in China: A Perspective of Venture Capital

A new concept of “legal infrastructure” has recently been emerging and becoming increasingly popular in China. The concept offers a novel analytical framework to explore China’s existing legal organism for creativity. For this academic mission, the perspective of venture capital is developed by this article in that it has been already been convincingly demonstrated by extant studies that venture capital is an indispensable catalyst for the output level of a country’s creativity. The findings of this article are that the current legal infrastructure in China impedes the life cycle of venture capital, to some degree, and in turn impairs the capability of creativity in China’s economy.     

Weep for the One Who Descends? African Democracies,Politics of Stomach Infrastructure,and Homology of Corruption

This article discusses contemporary African democratic practices vis-à-vis politics of stomach infrastructure that debilitates sustainable infrastructural development in the region. In this article, clarifications are articulated within four interlinked phenomena: the enthusiasm for democracy, its collapse, and the resurgence of hybrid-democratic order that metamorphosed into politics of stomach infrastructure that facilitates corruption in African postcolonial state. It unravels the existing democratic prototype against ideal democratic order. The article considered the prevailing democratic inclination moseyed through citizens and political elite’s armistice that presage democratic peril. The article argued that unscrupulous political collaboration and democratic debauchery that exist between the political elites and the electorates craft an opportunity for institutionalized corruption in the region. Finally, the article found homogenous paradigms of corruption in the selected African states, including South Africa, Tanzania, Kenya, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and Nigeria.     

The political economy of infrastructure development in Africa: an assessment of the NEPAD Presidential Infrastructure Champion Initiative (PICI)

Using a political economy approach, this article examines the factors that cause high-profile political leaders on the African continent to champion particular regional infrastructure projects within the framework of the Presidential Infrastructure Champion Initiative (PICI). It also analyses the extent to which the presence of high-stature political champions enhances the prospects for project implementation. The paper argues that the economic and integrative potential of regional infrastructure projects, alongside the presence of high-stature political champions, do not necessarily guarantee implementation. Rather, it is the interplay of diverse economic, institutional and political factors and interests that determines the successful implementation, or otherwise, of the various championed infrastructure projects.     

Infrastructure and the Vision Thing

Australia faces a transport infrastructure problem requiring complex policy formulation and imaginative problem solving. In opposition, Kevin Rudd committed to improving the nation's infrastructure and addressing the ‘infrastructure bottlenecks’. This task is made more urgent by the Reserve Bank's concern that the infrastructure restraints are causing inflationary pressure. In the short term however, increased Commonwealth infrastructure expenditure would add to the pressure on interest rates. Consequently, the Commonwealth must work with industry and the states on improving operational efficiency in the short term, while planning for infrastructure investments in the longer term. With the political limitations of federalism, a shortage of skilled policy advice, and ministerial inexperience, the Rudd government must set a broad agenda to guide all infrastructure stakeholders.     

日本IT立国战略的推进与成效分析

"IT立国"战略是日本"科技立国"战略在推动具体产业发展方面的集中体现。在多重压力促动下,日本大力推进以信息基础设施建设、信息技术应用和信息化社会建设为核心的IT立国战略,并不断发展和完善该战略框架。在实施IT立国战略过程中,日本注重从顶层设计、基础设施、社会应用、人才建设等多方面大力推进,并在信息基础设施、信息技术水平、信息社会建设和国际竞争力等方面取得了明显成效。借鉴日本的经验,中国在发展信息技术及相关产业时,应当形成循序渐进的战略体系,实现创新单元之间的分工与配合,并注重将信息技术发展战略与其他战略,特别是标准国际化战略结合起来。     

Understanding the rise of the regulatory state of the South*

This paper, and the special issue it introduces, explores whether, and how, the rise of the regulatory state of the South, and its implications for processes of governance, are distinct from cases in the North. With the exception of a small but growing body of work on Latin America, most work on the regulatory state deals with the US or Europe, or takes a relatively undifferentiated “legal transplant” approach to the developing world. We use the term “the South” to invoke shared histories of many countries, rather than as a geographic delimiter, even while acknowledging continued and growing diversity among these countries, particularly in their engagement with globalization. We suggest that three aspects of this common context are important in characterizing the rise of the regulatory state of the South. The first contextual element is the presence of powerful external pressures, especially from international financial institutions, to adopt the institutional innovation of regulatory agencies in infrastructure sectors. The result is often an incomplete engagement with and insufficient embedding of regulatory agencies within local political and institutional context. A second is the greater intensity of redistributive politics in settings where infrastructure services are of extremely poor quality and often non‐existent. The resultant politics of distribution draws in other actors, such as the courts and civil society; regulation is too important to be left to the regulators. The third theme is that of limited state capacity, which we suggest has both “thin” and “thick” dimensions. Thin state capacity issues include prosaic concerns of budget, personnel and training; thick issues address the growing pressures on the state to manage multiple forms of engagement with diverse stakeholders in order to balance competing concerns of growth, efficiency and redistribution. These three themes provide a framework for this special issue, and for the case studies that follow. We focus on regulatory agencies in infrastructure sectors (water, electricity and telecoms) as a particular expression of the regulatory state, though we acknowledge that the two are by no means synonymous. The case studies are drawn from India, Colombia, Brazil, and the Philippines, and engage with one or more of these contextual elements. The intent is to draw out common themes that characterize a “regulatory state of the South,” while remaining sensitive to the variations in level of economic development and political institutional contexts within “the South.”     

Chinese Intergovernmental Relations and World Development: Origins and Impacts of Chinese Export Credits

Generously offering loans for development projects around the world, China has recently brought them to Eastern Europe, namely to Belarus. By reviewing relevant development literature and using Belarus as a case study, this article contributes to the debate on China’s emergence as a source of investment and aid. It addresses four concerns: the tools used by China, the driving forces behind proactive investing behavior, the advantages and disadvantages for a recipient country, and the conditionality attached. The article demonstrates that Chinese export credits resolve a latent conflict of interests between the central and local governments by transferring Chinese businesses abroad. Meanwhile, the borrowers have to deal with extra costs, for instance, high expenses to maintain final facilities or the cost of Chinese labor adaptation. In Belarus, the situation is exacerbated by the language barrier and a general anxiety of the local population derived from the lack of experience with foreigners.     

Assessing China's Cybersecurity Law

In November 2016, China passed its first Cybersecurity Law, aiming to strengthen cyberspace governance through a number of initiatives, including Internet operator security protection, personal information protection, special protection of critical information infrastructure, local storage of data, and security evaluation for data export. This Article discusses the major concepts and principles of the Cybersecurity Law. It also discusses the tensions and controversies inherent in the law. All in all, the Cybersecurity Law exhibits distinctive Chinese characteristics. It is premised on the concept of cyberspace sovereignty and emphasizes security over free flow of data and freedom of speech. It provides a basic legal framework for cyberspace governance in China, to be supplemented by implementing regulations in years to come.     

基建财务管理的内部审计研究

基建财务管理的内部审计对降低建设项目成本,提高资金的使用效益,防止差错与舞弊,不断地完善财务管理制度均有着至关重要的作用。基建项目的内部会计控制制度、建设资金的筹措与使用、工程造价及竣工决算作为财务管理的关键点,同时也是内部审计的重点。要保证内审效果,不仅要实施必要的审计程序和步骤,而且还必须提高人员的综合素质,使其参与项目全过程。