无限防卫权的主观依据

为了鼓励、支持公民更好地利用防卫权,保护其合法权益,1997年刑法第二十条第三款增设了无限防卫权制度,但是,我们要注意的是无限防卫权并不是绝对防卫权,其发动和行使有严格的主客观条件,尤其是无限防卫权的主观依据往往被研究者忽略。其实,极端情绪的压抑作用应是无限防卫权的主观依据。     

我国物权变动立法应否采有因的物权行为模式

有因的物权行为模式就是在承认物权行为理论的前提下,否认其无因性而改采有因性,其虽具一定的合理性且避免了无因性所产生的弊端,但有因物权行为同样是站在德国物权行为理论的土壤之上,对交付等事实行为的理论抽象。善意取得制度与公示公信原则不是可以相互替代的关系,善意取得制度是以公示公信原则为前提和基础。     

治安管理处罚的谦抑性探析

刑罚中应用比较普遍的谦抑性原则在行政处罚领域却鲜有提及,这对控制同样是我国对公民权惩处方式的行政处罚而言是不足的。而在与刑罚衔接最为密切的行政处罚种类治安管理处罚中,其调整对象、指导理念和行为要求方面却都有谦抑性的要求和体现。研究治安管理处罚的谦抑性,首先表现为治安管理处罚权的设定和存在必须谦抑,其次是治安管理处罚权的行使和调处过程要体现谦抑。     

论警察人权的保障

警察作为一个特殊的社会群体,其人权状况不容乐观。警察执行公务过程中的人权受损现象未有改观,警察人权潜在的受损状况日益突出。构建和谐社会必须高度重视警察人权保障工作。保障警察人权的核心是树立＂以警为本＂的全新理念,以此为指导创新警察人权保障机制,建立专门的警察人权监督保障组织,建立健全法律法规和相关制度,加强舆论宣传,提高警察的自我维权意识。     

对引入沉默权的若干否定性看法

沉默权制度是一把双刃剑,它对人权的保障、对刑讯逼供现象的缓解方面的意义都掩盖不了其固有缺陷,即与中国法律传统不协调、与刑罚理论存在内在冲突、对被害人权益的变相损害、对法律的正义导向有消极影响。因而,在我国应当暂缓采用明示的沉默权制度,鼓励犯罪嫌疑人和被告人如实陈述,而将沉默视为一种可接受的状态。     

著作权内在利益平衡机制与反垄断法的介入——美国录音制品数字表演权制度的启示

反垄断与保护知识产权均仅是实现其共同目标的手段,其本身并非最终制度目的。就著作权法律制度而言,这体现在其应当建立完善的内在利益平衡机制,从"护权——限权"两个角度对著作权既加以保护、又防止其滥用。在这方面,美国的DPRSR制度堪称典范,我国与之对应的信息网络传播权制度却有待完善。著作权内在利益平衡机制一旦失灵,根据其失灵的情形,可能产生不同的损害。其中对于可能产生竞争损害的,在必要条件下,反垄执法机构应当及时介入,保护市场竞争和消费者利益不受著作权滥用行为的损害,保障反垄断和保护知识产权共同目标的实现。     

GPS tracking and the right of privacy

Government authorities and law enforcement agencies start using the satellite-based GPS tracking technology more often for various purposes. Due to its unique technical features, GPS tracking poses a much greater threat to the right of privacy compared with traditional electronic tracking techniques, such as the Beeper. Comparisons are extensively analyzed and a number of the US cases are quoted for illustrations. In the end, several key principles are proposed to facilitate the supervision of investigation behaviors in China.     

公司瑕疵设立与公司法人格否认法理

自从公司法人制度建立以来,虚假出资、虚设股东等公司瑕疵设立行为就层出不穷,这些行为严重侵害债权人利益,损害社会信用制度,成为困扰我国公司法人人格制度的一大问题。应当引入公司法人格否认法理来规制公司瑕疵设立行为。     

Achieving zero hunger: implementing a human rights approach to food security in Ethiopia

A human rights approach to food security seeks to empower vulnerable groups to claim their rights. It also reinforces a government’s obligations to respect, protect and fulfil the right to food. Furthermore, it encourages the integration of the right to food into the design and implementation of food security policies. This article examines the human rights approach to food security, with specific reference to Ethiopia. It assesses the historical causes of Ethiopia’s food insecurity, and examines the legislative and policy measures that the country has adopted over the last three decades in order to achieve food security. Food insecurity in the country is largely explained by the absence of government accountability. In 1973 and 1984, the hunger caused by drought was transitioned to famine not because of overall unavailability of food in the country, but because the government failed to provide food aid to the starved people and concealed the occurrence of famines from the international donors. Despite designing some food security policies over the last three decades, the country has not yet adopted sufficient legislative and judicial measures to enforce the right to food. This article argues that Ethiopia should introduce a framework law on the right to food to end hunger in the context of achieving national food security.