致伤方式推断在道路交通事故再现研究及责任认定中的作用

本文从法医学的角度,论述了道路交通事故致伤方式推断的方法、特点以及与涉案人员交通行为方式鉴定、死因分析的相关性,强调了致伤方式推断在事故重建及涉案人员责任认定中的重要性。并以3起真实的道路交通事故为例,阐述了致伤方式推断分析的过程,进一步结合碰撞软件对事故进行计算机仿真研究,再现过程表明致伤方式推断的正确性,初步验证了从致伤方式推断入手分析涉案人员交通行为方式、死亡原因的可行性;同时指出对于致伤方式不明确的道路交通事故,可通过事故遗留的制动轨迹、速度等进行计算机模拟研究,对于致伤方式推断具有一定的参考价值。     

CT空气-碘水双对比造影在法医学鉴定中应用

目的探讨CT空气-碘水双对比造影在法医学鉴定中的应用价值。方法1例患者在CT介入引导行右肩前侧穿刺,分别注入稀释的Omnipaque和过滤空气适量,在全身CT机上行肩关节连续扫描,所获数据行轴位和准冠状位重建。结果患者无明显不适,CT气-碘双对比造影示右肩关节前囊III度损伤。结论CT气-碘双对比造影有助于肩关节损伤的诊断,并为肩关节损伤的法医学鉴定提供重要的影像学依据。     

安全带对人体的影响

安全带普遍用于防止交通事故所致伤亡,其交通损伤中与安全带有关的损伤逐渐引起人们关注。通过复习国外相关文献,结合1例尸检案例,对安全带造成人体损伤的特点进行综述和探讨。     

论学生伤害事故的归责

本文根据学生伤害事故的原因 ,结合影响学生伤害事故归责的因素 ,阐述了民事侵权归责原则在各种学生伤害事故中的适用。     

中国工伤保险制度预防机制的不足及完善

工伤保险制度的功能不仅在于赔偿，更重要的是预防职业伤害的发生。我国工伤保险制度自从1988年重建以来，在职业伤害救济方面发挥了重要的作用，但我国的职业伤害发生率并没有明显的下降，说明工伤保险制度中的预防机制没有得到有效的调动。应从工伤保险缴费费率、政府监督、追偿权等方面完善工伤保险制度，充分发挥工伤保险制度的预防功能。     

大鼠皮肤挫裂创细胞间粘附分子-1的表达

目的 观察大鼠皮肤钝器伤后细胞间粘附分子-1(ICAM-1)表达的变化规律。方法 应用免疫组化方法,观察大鼠皮肤钝器伤后1h、3h、6h、12h、1d、3d、5d、7d、9d ICAM-1的表达情况,并用MIAS图像分析系统进行图像分析。结果 正常对照组大鼠皮肤有低水平ICAM-1表达,钝器伤后ICAM-1表达增加,伤后7d达峰值,伤后9d开始下降。结论 皮肤钝器伤可诱导ICAM-1表达增加,其时序性变化可望作为一种客观指标用于法医学损伤时间的推断。     

侵权行为法到社会保障法的结构调整——以受雇人人身伤害之权利救济的视角

本文以工业社会中工业事故和职业危害导致的人身伤害以及类似人身伤害的特征的分析为切入点,探讨受雇人人身伤害的赔偿与补偿问题,并通过受雇人人身伤害赔偿、补偿规则的历史演变,分析受雇人人身伤害权利救济方式的转变,即由侵权行为法向社会保障法的过渡及二者在受害人权利救济方式中结构的调整:现代社会中,侵权行为法在权利救济结构中所占比重的下降和社会保障法所占比重的上升是历史的必然。     

Measuring the severity of physical injury among assault and homicide victims

Criminologists seldom have attempted to measure the severity of physical injury to victims of aggravated assault and homicide, even though it is significant to many of their research efforts. Previous attempts have been neither medically accurate nor medically acceptable. In this paper the author discusses the shortcomings of these efforts and introduces an alternative method which is valid, reliable, and medically acceptable. In addition, the author discusses its applicability to research the impact of medical intervention on violent criminal assault, on factors which contribute to the severity of assaultive injury and the lethal outcome of violent assault, on specific questions regarding the patterns of offending and victimization, and on the administration of criminal justice.     

Contribution of Antemortem Computed Tomography Findings to Cause of Death Determination: An Unusual Fatal Stroke

In the case reported here, the antemortem computed tomography scan (CT scan) was essential in the forensic investigation. A 32‐year‐old man was found fully awake with a facial abrasion, after what seemed to be a car accident. He lost consciousness suddenly one hour after initial management. Successive CT scan showed a facial fracture and a metallic foreign body in the carotid canal associated with an occlusion/dissection of the left internal carotid, a pseudoaneurysm, and a carotid‐cavernous fistula. The victim died from a stroke. Autopsy confirmed that the facial abrasion was a gunshot entrance wound, the metallic foreign body being a projectile. Intracranial vascular injuries linked with gunshot wounds are most of the time isolated and due to pelet embolism. The observed vascular injury association has never been described in the existing literature. The CT scan provided a better understanding of the chronology of events that led to death.     

农民工工伤维权中完善立法之思考

农民工这一特定时期的特定群体与具有城市户口的工人在劳动保障、医疗保障等社会保障方面存在着极大差别,由于他们与用人单位很少签订劳动合同,导致其人身、财产权益侵害,寻求司法救济时困难重重,因此就农民工工伤维权中存在的诸多问题进行分析,从而提出完善立法,从制度上切实保障这一弱势群体的合法权益。