中国古代保辜制度初探

本文通过对中国古代保辜制度进行考察 ,分析了保辜制度的含义 ,并对保辜制度的具体内容予以归纳。     

Measuring the Rarity of Fingerprint Patterns in the Dutch Population Using an Extended Classification Set

Latent print examiners often use their experience and knowledge to reach a conclusion on the identity of the source. Their conclusion is primarily based on their personal opinion on the rarity of the matching fingerprint features. Fingerprint patterns, if present, can play a significant role in the final assessment of a match. The authors believe that statistical data on the rarity of fingerprint patterns strengthens the subjective evaluation of the corresponding information. In order to provide fingerprint examiners with additional numerical support, fingerprint patterns were manually classified in a set of 24,104 fingerprints. In this study the frequencies of occurrence of 35 different fingerprint patterns have been obtained. The frequency data presented in this study can be used in the ACE‐V process applied in forensic casework, allowing for the assessment of the evidential strength related to a specific fingerprint pattern type.     

Suicide by Intentional Air embolism

Venous air embolism occurs when air enters the venous system. The main causes of venous air embolism include medical procedures, neck and head trauma, and injuries of the genitals. Self‐induced suicidal (and intentional) air embolism is extremely rare. The authors report a rare case of a suicidal air embolism committed using a self‐made tool composed of a plastic bottle and an infusion set, injecting nearly 2000 mL of air into the cubital vein. The toxicological analysis suggested that midazolam, together with air, was also injected into the circulation using the same bottle and infusion set.     

吉林省发行中小企业集合债券的可行性研究

新形势下的经济政策使资本市场融资功能和地方债的发行逐渐恢复,但对于中小企业来说解决资金需求仍是难题。我国企业债券市场发展步入新阶段,中小企业集合债券作为我国债券市场的新品种,已在国内成功发行五家中小企业集合债券。在当前经济形式下吉林省应积极利用国家政策,促进吉林省中小企业的健康发展,发行中小企业集合债券,拓宽融资渠道,促进吉林省经济的发展和产业调整。     

如何设置警务绩效指标体系

设置一个科学的、可操作的警务绩效指标体系,是促使警务工作获得最大产出和最佳效果的基础。警务绩效指标体系设置,从程序上,要坚持因地制宜、因事制宜,围绕中心、抓住重点,上级主导、下级参与,便于操作,讲求实效等五项原则;从指标体系内容上,要处理好定量指标与定性指标、个体指标与集体指标、正面指标与负面指标、主观指标与客观指标、过程指标与结果指标等成对指标的关系。     

试析应收账款受让人与破产管理人的权利冲突

保理中的应收账款转让属于一般债权让与。在供应商破产的情况下,保理商对应收账款的权利与破产管理人的权利发生冲突。美国破产法和《统一商法典》对应收账款转让的调整值得我国破产法借鉴。根据我国破产法的规定,应收账款一般不应作为破产财团,破产管理人不应享有对保理合同的撤销权,保理合同应当继续履行。对该等权利清偿顺序的确定需要建立应收账款转让的适当公示程序,并应当进一步完善破产法中的相关规定,建立一般与例外以及对例外进行限定的完整制度。     

Too much choice,too little impact: a multilevel analysis of the contextual determinants of preference voting

Abstract

Despite the rich and growing body of research addressing how turnout and party choice depend on the institutional context, far less is known about the impact of the political environment on voters’ propensity to vote for candidates – not parties. Recent single-country studies have focused almost exclusively on individual-level resource- and identity-based differences in preference voting. Combining data from the Comparative Study of Electoral Systems (CSES) and Participation and Representation in Modern Democracies (PARTIREP) election studies in six countries, this article provides the first comprehensive, cross-national test of the impact of macro-contextual factors on a voter’s decision to indicate a candidate preference, instead of simply casting a party list vote. It demonstrates that both the failure of preference votes to affect the allocation of seats and choice overload dissuade voters from marking a candidate name on the ballot. These contextual factors affect informed and uninformed voters differently, moreover. The findings have important implications for electoral scholars and political practitioners when designing electoral systems.     

对我国社区矫正机构设置的思考

社区矫正已经成为我国刑事法制改革的一个必然选择。在我国社区矫正试点开展三年多的时间里,尽管成绩有目共睹,但更主要的任务应在于发现存在的问题,为我国进一步深化刑罚改革提供思路。目前,在试点中管理机构由公安机关向司法行政机关转变出现的“执法主体”和“工作主体”分离的模式,相对以前无疑是一个进步,但已经逐渐暴露出许多问题。从长远来看,这种模式必将成为制约社区矫正发展的瓶颈。     

Intentional overdose of glargine insulin: Determination of the parent compound in postmortem blood by LC-HRMS

Insulin glargine is a long-acting insulin analog that is converted after enzymatic cleavage of the arginine pair of the β-chain into its main metabolite M1 (21^A-Gly-insulin), which is responsible for the hypoglycemic activity. In all the overdose cases described in the literature, only M1 concentrations have been reported, whereas insulin glargine was always absent or below the limit of quantitation. In this study, we present a case of suicide of a young nurse by injection of insulin glargine in which the parent molecule was found at a toxic concentration in blood. The determination and the discrimination of insulin glargine from human insulin and other synthetic analogs in the blood specimen were performed by liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (Waters XEVO G2-XS QToF) and extraction after precipitation in the presence of bovine insulin (internal standard), with a mixture of acetonitrile/methanol +1% formic acid followed by purification on solid phase extraction cartridges C18. Glargine insulin tested highly positive in the blood with a concentration of 1.06 mg/L. Due to the difficulty in obtaining a M1 pure standard, the metabolite could not be dosed. This unique presence of the parent molecule, reported for the first time, can be explained by inter-individual variability in the rate of conversion to metabolite. Intravenous injection versus subcutaneous injection can also explain the presence of insulin glargine. Finally, the dose injected may have been so high that saturation of the proteolytic enzymes responsible for conversion to M1 should have occurred.