我国政府采购体系的构建——以政府采购的“四元结构”为视角

政府采购制度是一个有机的体系,由各个相互区别又相互联系的子体系构成。本文从政府采购的理论体系、法律体系、管理体系和监督体系“四元结构”入手来探讨我国政府采购体系的建设。     

单位犯罪主观构成及其认定

单位犯罪是单位为谋取自身利益,在单位整体意志支配下,通过单位成员的职务活动而实施的否定法秩序的行为.它与自然人犯罪、共同犯罪和有组织犯罪等有诸多不同,单位犯罪的行为动机为谋利,其意志体现出整体性,其主观罪过形式表现为故意或过失.     

论“宽严相济”在监狱行刑中的运用

监狱作为政法机关的重要组成部分,在认真贯彻国家宽严相济的刑事政策上,负有不可推卸的责任。深刻揭示监狱行刑的精神实质,是监狱科学贯彻宽严相济刑事政策的重要前提;紧扣监狱行刑的报应职能,是监狱充分发挥刑事政策重要职能的根本保证。在此基础上,切实抓好行刑管理上的具体适用,监狱在促进和谐社会积极构建上的努力才能生动体现出来。     

山西省青少年毒品犯罪的成因及防控对策

毒品犯罪已经成为全球性的难题,近年来有愈演愈烈之势。尽管山西省并非我国毒品违法犯罪的高发省份,但毒品违法犯罪中青少年群体的参与程度和危害后果却不容忽视。实践部门要加大毒品危害性宣传,提高全民禁毒意识,同时强化青少年毒品违法犯罪的抑控机制,加强对青少年毒品违法犯罪的综合治理。     

后"9·11"时期美国的危机管理研究——以反恐为例

当前,国内学术界鲜有从危机管理视角来研究反恐,本研究在这方面进行了尝试,从反恐视角研究后"9·11"时期美国危机管理所发生的变化,认为这一时期美国的危机管理战略在国家战略层面,发生了从维系两极体系的稳定和平衡到建立"美国治下的和平"的变化,在战术层面,则由"威慑"和"遏制"战略转变为"先发制人"战略;在危机管理机制的建设中,突出强调军方参与危机管理的角色及作用;在反恐危机管理手段上,除加强早已使用的军事手段外,还对美国的联盟体系进行洗牌,以志愿联盟和双边联盟取代传统联盟和多边联盟。     

公共行政的范式转换及其政府信任问题

政府信任是政府和公众之间基于公共利益的博弈互动关系,符合公共利益的行政价值理念将为政府提供持久的、合法的信任源泉。从官僚制到新公共管理,由于片面注重管理主义工具价值,而忽视公共利益和民主价值,不可避免地面临着政府信任的困境。民主行政作为新公共行政的学术识别系统,坚持和发展公共利益价值取向,实现价值理性和工具理性的统一,符合人类理性与社会公共利益均衡健康发展的内在需要,必然会全新构建和强化公众与政府的互信合作关系。     

陕西连锁经营发展中存在的问题及对策

连锁经营已成为当今世界最富有活力、发展最迅速和先进的现代流通经营方式和组织形式。陕西连锁业近几年发展迅速,但存在企业规模小、竞争力不强,管理方式粗放、经营运作不规范,资金、人才短缺等问题。面对良好的发展机遇,必须采取切实可行的措施,促进本土连锁业发展达到一个新的水平。     

论我国高校管理理念中四对关系的把握

新形势下的大学管理,应当妥善处理各种矛盾,把握好性恶与性善、行政权力与学术权力、管与不管、科学与艺术四对关系,从而营造和谐的管理体系和人文环境,最终促进大学的健康持续发展。     

Effectiveness of private finance initiatives (PFI): study of private financing for the provision of capital assets for schools

The study reported in this paper explores how effective Public Private Partnerships (PPP) have been as critical providers of capital assets within the state education sector in the UK. Specifically, the research investigates the impact on educational provision of the UK government's contentious £43 billion Private Finance Initiative (PFI). The inquiry focuses on 27 English Local Education Authorities (LEAs) currently or recently involved in PFI. The investigation examines the effect of PFI's on LEA decision‐making processes and discusses these authorities assessment of the UK government's current PFI strategy. An evaluation of PFI as a source of sustainable finance is reported as well as recommendations made for LEAs currently considering adoption of PFI. Through such analysis, this study seeks to de‐layer and ascertain the influence of complex external environmental influences and stakeholders that need to be taken into account in order to make PPPs work. The paper concludes by presenting the critical considerations for enhancing the working relationship between private and public sector partners. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Measuring the capability to raise revenue: process and output dimensions and their application to the Zambia Revenue Authority

The worldwide diffusion of the good governance agenda and new public management (NPM) principles has triggered a renewed focus on state capability and, more specifically, on the capability to raise revenue in developing countries. However, the analytical tools for a comprehensive understanding of the capability to raise revenue remain underdeveloped. This article aims at filling this gap and presents a model consisting of the three process dimensions ‘information collection and processing’, ‘merit orientation’ and ‘administrative accountability’. ‘Revenue performance’ constitutes the fourth capability dimension which assesses tax administrations' output. This model is applied to the case of the Zambia Revenue Authority (ZRA). The dimensions prove to be valuable not only for assessing the how much but also the how of collecting taxes. They can be a useful tool for future comparative analyses of tax administrations' capabilities in developing countries. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.