情报引导与绩效管理的双重警务机制--美国纽约市警察局CompStat模式评述

CompStat模式自从在美国第一大警察局——纽约市警察局诞生以来，便以其在情报引导与绩效管理方面的显著作用而引人注目。拟就这两个层面，对这一模式产生之初的情况与现在的发展状况进行梳理，并对该模式将来的发展方向进行探讨。     

Digital Game Playing and Direct and Indirect Aggression in Early Adolescence: The Roles of Age,Social Intelligence,and Parent-Child Communication

The roles of age, social intelligence and parent-child communication in moderating the association between digital game playing and direct and indirect aggression were examined in 478 Finnish 10- and 13-year-old schoolchildren based on self-reports. The results confirmed that digital game violence was directly associated with direct aggression, especially at age 10, but only among boys. The moderating role of social intelligence was substantiated among older boys: game violence was associated with indirect aggression among those with high level of social intelligence. Further, as hypothesized, digital game playing was associated with direct aggression especially when parent-child communication was poor, but only among boys. Our findings emphasize the importance of individual and situational factors as moderators of the link between game violence and aggression.     

诱惑侦查方法研究

诱惑侦查是侦查实践中一项卓有成效的特殊侦查措施。实施诱惑侦查应制定周密详细的侦查方案,获取准确的情报,并对情报进行查证和研判,选择合适的侦查诱饵,进行适度诱惑,支持行动到位,及时收网。诱惑侦查中应精心运筹侦查谋略,注意谋略与措施的配套运用。     

Rediscovering artificial intelligence and law: an inadequate jurisprudence?

Headlines suggesting that Google scientists had developed the first computer programme capable of learning a wide variety of tasks independently, in what has been hailed as a significant step towards ‘true artificial intelligence’¹1 Accessed February 26, 2015. http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2015/feb/25/google-develops-computer-program-capable-of-learning-tasks-independently. may or may not presage a new era of artificial intelligence (AI) research. Nevertheless, they suggest a need to reconsider the story of AI in law. While significant changes have taken place in the application of information technology to law-work, these have resulted mainly from ordinary information technology processes such as data processing, data storage, retrieval and management in combination with the information rich, rapid and global communication and networking capabilities of the Internet. However, when information technology has been applied to deeper legal processes, which involve the very nature of law, the result has not been very successful. This is especially so in relation to the application of AI systems to law. Philip Leith blamed the meagre and unsatisfactory results of costly AI and law research on faulty jurisprudence and especially on almost exclusive reliance on analytical positivism and ignorance of user needs and requirements. Many involved with AI and law still refuse to acknowledge that there are underlying problems with the way they conceptualise the nature of legal reasoning. Does AI in law have a future then? This article explores recent nuanced approaches to AI and law research and suggests the need for rethinking the jurisprudence that underpins AI and law and in particular to consider the realist social economic and political context in which AI and law works.     

基于深度学习的人体肋骨骨折智能检测技术

目的将人工智能中的深度学习技术应用到人体肋骨骨折识别,实现人体肋骨骨折智能检测,提高法医肋骨骨折诊断效率。方法采集3143例人体胸部X线数字影像(2602例用于训练,541例用于测试),标注肋骨骨折特征点,通过多层网络堆叠,分层、分级主动学习原始数据高度抽象的特征表述,并将此特征反馈至检测器进行骨折检测,输出骨折位置及相应置信度。结果基于深度学习的人体肋骨骨折检测准确率在90%以上。结论基于深度学习的人体肋骨骨折检测准确率较高,可用于辅助法医进行肋骨骨折识别诊断、检验鉴定等,本研究可为人体其他部位骨骼损伤智能检测提供参考。     

A Challenge for Police-Community Relations: Rethinking Stop and Search in England and Wales

This article presents research carried out as part of a government research programme looking at how police tactic of 'stop and search' in England and Wales. For many years, figures which have shown a higher rate of stop and search of minority ethnic groups, particularly black people, have provoked much controversy, and have been seen by many as a manifestation of police racism. This article reviews the way in which stop and search impacts on public confidence, with particular reference to those from minority ethnic groups. It goes on to explore its role within policing, including an examination of its effectiveness against crime and the evidence for racism in police practice. Following from this, it considers how stop and search can be used in a way that minimises negative impacts on the community and maximises its effectiveness against crime.     

Gender equality in Swedish AI policies. What's the problem represented to be?

Over the past few decades, Sweden has established itself as a “world leader” in gender equality. Alongside this development, Swedish politicians have also initiated ambitious plans that aim to establish the country as “world class” in terms of digitalization. International research shows that women and racialized groups are in a minority in the design processes, that AI facial recognition systems are built with white male faces as the norm, and that digital tools replicate racial injustices. In this paper, we are interested in if, and if so how, gender equality is articulated and thus filled with meaning in national policies on AI and digitalization. The overall aim is to discuss the potential of gender (equality) mainstreaming to challenge systems of privilege in the implementation of AI systems in the public sector. The paper analyses how gender equality is filled with meaning in national policy documents on AI and gender equality. The main findings show that gender equality is turned into a question of lack of knowledge and information, which in turn blocks out an understanding of gender equality as something that is related to gendered power relations.     

深度伪造与国家安全:基于总体国家安全观的视角

深度伪造是人工智能技术和数字技术发展的产物,自2017年第一个深度伪造的作品出现,深度伪造正在世界范围内快速扩散。人工智能与大数据技术的发展和普及,使得有心者制作各种深度伪造作品的门槛大大降低,导致互联网和各种社交媒体充斥着各式各样的深度伪造作品。深度伪造技术既有造福于人类社会的正面功能,也有给国家安全带来风险与挑战的负面作用。它不仅给国际形势和国际安全环境带来了巨大的冲击,让国际社会本就存在的“信任赤字”更为恶化,而且在国防安全、政治安全、经济安全和国民安全等领域制造了更多、更为复杂的问题。国际经济犯罪团伙利用深度伪造对中国企业和民众进行诈骗活动;以美国为首的西方国家更是频频利用深度伪造的作品,在涉疆、涉港等问题上对中国发难;在重大国际问题上,国际上的各种势力更是利用深度伪造争取中国的民意,造成部分民众认知的错乱;等等。要治理深度伪造所带来的各种安全隐患,就要在总体国家安全架构下完善针对深度伪造的综合治理体系,同时倡导综合安全、合作安全和共同安全的理念,与国际社会共同打造数字时代人类安全的命运共同体。     

浅议商业贿赂案件的证据收集

证据收集是刑事诉讼活动的核心内容,打击商业贿赂犯罪,应明确商业贿赂案件证据收集的内容,结合商业贿赂案件证据的特点,掌握收集证据的途径和方法。     

培养情报信息观念搞好情报信息的搜集、开发和利用

情报信息在侦查破案中的作用早已被人们所认识,但情报信息观念的树立与培养却很滞后。因此,培养情报信息观念,增强情报意识,搞好情报的搜集、开发和利用,才能为防范、打击犯罪做好服务工作。