Shedder status—An analysis over time and assessment of various contributing factors

The shedder status of a person is an important consideration when evaluating probabilities of DNA transfer during activity-level assessments. As an extension of our previously published study, the shedder statuses of 38 individuals were reassessed 1 year later. The study found that shedder status may change over time for some individuals and was associated with one's gender, number of items touched, and mobile phone usage. In 29% of touch events, no DNA allele was detected and in 99% of touch events, the amount of DNA deposited was <2 ng. The study also found that in 0.6% of touch events, the participant could be excluded as a contributor of the observed DNA profile, with another person being included. Additionally, our investigations suggest that the current three-category system for shedder status classification may require further refinement to better represent the individuals' shedder status in a population.     

新媒体视域下的大学生素质教育现状与创新

在推进大学生素质教育过程中,新媒体起到了至关重要的作用。基于新媒体视角,从大学生和高校教育两个角度对当代大学生素质教育的现状出发,构建大学生素质教育创新能力培养体系、通识教育体系、智力和非智力协调发展教育体系三大体系协调发展的创新思路,可以不断纠正学生的不良心理和行为,帮助大学生树立起积极向上的精神追求,全面提升学生的综合素质,促进大学生全面发展。     

关于我国民营企业法律地位的几点思考

民营企业是我国市场经济的重要参与者,为我国经济发展作出了突出贡献。民营企业的法律地位关系着民营企业的权益保护,也关系着我国民营经济的发展前途。因此,研究我国民营企业的法律地位具有非常重要的意义。     

政府工具识别分类新捋

识别分类是政府工具研究的基础工作,本文试图构建一个新的概念框架。依从强制性与非强制性的基本逻辑关系,在学界已有分类基础上,以规范作为基点,可以将法律、政策和制度作为同一类型的政府工具;基于行政法的特殊功用和与政府规制存在诸多交集的双重立意,可以将行政执法单列出来作为一类政府工具;此外,以非强制性作为主要特征,可以将市场化工具、社会化工具、道德教育工具和文化宣传工具归为综合性的政府工具。运用政府工具的重点在于选择,要控制好选择匹配的各种影响因素;要学会辩证思维,认真分析工具运用面临的挑战,积极寻求提升工具使用效能的路径。     

锁具市场的状况及锁痕检验工作

锁具市场的状况与锁痕检验息息相关。由于锁具需求量的提高,而部分锁的内部结构达不到行业标准,使得劣质锁在市场上大量出售,同时犯罪分子的开破锁技术也越来越高,涉及锁痕的案件上升。本文从锁具市场状况着手,对锁痕检验工作中的问题进行了分析并提出了相应的对策。     

绝对权侵权责任归责原则体系及其责任承担

传统的侵权责任认定标准是以过错责任原则为基础的归责原则体系指导下的四要件说,然而,这一认定标准在法理和司法实践中似有不妥之处,尤其是对于绝对权利而言。通过对绝对权利的法理分析,建议引入无损害结果的无过错责任原则,作为弥补传统认定标准之不足的有效措施,从而使整个侵权归责原则体系臻于完善。     

Smoke in the Looking Glass: Effects of Discordance Between Self- and Peer Rated Crowd Affiliation on Adolescent Anxiety, Depression and Self-feelings

Peer crowds serve as an identity marker for adolescents, indicating their image and status among peers; but adolescents do not always endorse peer appraisals of crowd affiliation. We report on two studies—one with 924 adolescents in grades 7–12 and a second with a more diverse population of 2,728 students in grades 9–11, followed for 2 years—that examined how congruence between peer and self-appraisals of crowd affiliation relate to self-esteem and internalizing symptoms. Analyses indicate that high-status crowd members may suffer and low-status crowd members benefit by denying their peer crowd affiliation, but effects are modest in size and not entirely consistent across the two studies. Findings underscore the value of symbolic interactionist principles concerning reflected appraisal processes in understanding how peer crowd affiliation affects adolescent self-image.

中国工会职能的历史转变及其结构功能主义解释

工会的地位、性质决定了工会职能的发挥,工会职能的转变有其自身的重要性和必要性。中国工会职能从产生到新中国成立后计划经济和市场经济时期的转变,主要表现在工会维护工人合法权益必要性和重要性的加强,同时体现了工会与经济、政治发展的适应性。结构功能主义理论适用于解释工会的职能转变。     

Implementing management tools in Turkish public hospitals: the impact of culture,politics and role status

The government of Turkey has attempted to substantially improve the management of its public hospitals. However, an analysis of the performance of the quality certified hospitals finds only minor improvements. This study seeks to explain these disappointing results by interviewing 46 hospital managers and employees about the successes and failures of the management reform effort. The interviews suggest that traditional Turkish organisational culture often hinders attempts to decrease hierarchy, but, more positively, it also encourages the use of frontline teams and group rewards. Moreover, Turkey's hybrid system of allowing public doctors to maintain private practices has provided doctors with both the resources and the incentives to fight management reform efforts. Finally, organisational decentralisation in Turkey has evoked fierce political opposition, ironically even from many pro‐modernising forces that fear it could increase the power of Islamic fundamentalists. Turkey's experience suggests a number of broader points about management reform in non‐western societies. It suggests that decentralisation can often impede, rather than strengthen the other aspects of management reform; that a hybrid market organisation is often harder to move toward market efficiencies than a purely governmental one; and that national cultures should help guide the order in which reform tools are implemented. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Trump Gave Them Hope: Studying the Strangers in Their Own Land

This article argues that a set of recent books published in advance of the 2016 U.S. presidential election provides a road map for understanding its outcome and a research agenda for political communication scholars in the years ahead. This article focuses on sociologist Arlie Hochschild’s Strangers in Their Own Land, a field study that documents the roles that identity, narratives, and emotions play in shaping the political beliefs and behavior of White Tea Party supporters. Building on these insights, through an analysis of 123 content analyses published in Political Communication between 2003-2016, we demonstrate gaps in our field and argue that scholarship can grow analytically and empirically by accounting for the findings of these books. We conclude with suggestions for future research into people’s perceptions of identity, group status, deprivation, and political power, as well as the role of media, political actors, and social groups in creating these narratives of American politics.