维护稳定就是维护最广大人民的根本利益

国家的长治久安,是人民群众赖以安居乐业的社会环境基础,也是一切国家管理者孜孜以求的执政目标。而社会稳定则是这一目标的直接表现形态,维护稳定就是维护最广大人民的根本利益。当前,我国社会总体上是稳定的,但也存在不少影响稳定的因素。执政的中国共产党只有直面这些因素,采取有效的应对措施,坚决维护稳定,才能体现执政为民的理念,才能实现政通人和、国泰民安的执政目标。     

非公有制经济中基层党组织的政治领导功能

非公有制经济组织中的基层党组织的政治领导功能,主要体现在三大方面:政治导向功能,指确保党的路线方针政策的贯彻执行,保证党的政治领导地位得到巩固和加强;组织建设功能,指增强党的非公有制经济组织基层党组织的凝聚力、战斗力和创造力,发挥党员的先锋模范作用;利益整合功能,指善于处理各种矛盾,协调好各种复杂的利益关系,充分代表最广大人民群众的根本利益。     

Analyzing Multiple-Item Measures of Crime and Deviance I: Item Response Theory Scaling

Multiple-item measures of self-reported offending typically provide the principal outcome measures for individual level research on the causes of crime and deviance. This article directs attention to the substantial problems presented by the task of forming composite scores for these measures, and it presents a possible solution to those problems. We consider scaling by means of the graded response model from item response theory (IRT) as a potential means of overcoming the shortcomings of traditional summative scaling and of obtaining valuable information about the strengths and weaknesses of our measures. We illustrate this strategy through a scale analysis of a fourteen-item, self-report measure of delinquency, using three years of data from the Monitoring the Future study, an annual national survey of high school seniors. The graded response model proves to be consistent with the data, and it provides results that address important substantive questions about self-report measures. The findings are informative about the strengths and weaknesses of alternative strategies for developing self-report instruments, indicating that there is little to be gained by making fine distinctions in the frequency of individual delinquent acts.     

行政诉讼原告资格之研究

行政诉讼原告资格的尺度和证明标准,决定了可以接近和利用国家提供的诉讼制度者的多寡.原告资格可细分为以下4项要件:①存在合法权益;②合法权益属于原告;③侵害已发生或必然发生;④侵害与被诉行政行为之间存在因果关系.就"合法权益"而言,我国实定法和实务见解都把保护范围从法律上利益扩张到重大事实利益.通过规范分析可以看出,起诉人在受理阶段和实体审理阶段都应当证明原告适格,但在受理阶段只需要达到"可能性"标准,在实体审理阶段,则应达到优势证明标准.而行政行为的违法性则不需要证明.     

责任竞合与诉讼标的理论

所谓请求权竞合 ,系因同一生活利益同时为不同法律关系的客体所涵摄 ,从而引起的数个具有不同客体、不同规范目的的责任关系的竞合。作为民事权利体系之枢纽的请求权概念 ,一方面对其所包含的“给付”究指法律关系内容意义上的给付抑或客体意义上的给付不加区辨 ;另一方面 ,以权利人指向国家的“司法保护要求权”作为请求权的本质属性 ,对实体法学、诉讼法学均产生错误影响。由其目标功能所决定 ,诉讼标的在结构上须同时包含“责任关系”与“接受权内容之主张”两重要素。在责任竞合情况下 ,可以利用“诉之利益”达成纷争解决一次性的目标。     

刑事调解制度在我国构建的文化与理论基础——从构建和谐社会的视角

任何一种法律制度的存在都根植于一定的文化与理论基础之上,刑事调解制度也不例外。研究刑事调解制度构建的文化与理论基础,可以为刑事调解制度的构建提供理论上的支持与制度设计上的参考;而刑事调解制度的成功构建,能够有效地促进我国刑事司法的人性化,更好地推动我国和谐社会的建设与发展。     

Morphing the Demos into the right shape. Normative principles for enfranchising resident aliens and expatriate citizens

In this article I criticize, first, democratic inclusion principles that are indeterminate with regard to democratic boundaries and indifferent towards the structural features of polities. I suggest that a democratic stakeholder principle passes these critical tests and can be applied to democratic polities of different kinds. Second, I compare birthright-based and residence-based membership regimes at state and local levels and consider how they can accommodate international migrants. Third, I argue that these two regimes are not freestanding alternatives between which democratic polities have to choose, but are combined in a multilevel architecture of democratic citizenship, in which the inclusion and exclusion dynamics of birthright and residence mutually constrain each other and every individual is included as a citizen in both types of polities.     

Mental Capacity Act,Anorexia Nervosa and the Choice Between Life‐Prolonging Treatment and Palliative Care: A NHS Foundation Trust v Ms X

The Court of Protection decided in A NHS Foundation Trust v Ms X that an anorexia nervosa patient lacked the capacity to refuse treatment for her eating disorder, but that it was not in her best‐interests to be subject to force‐feeding to prolong her life. The Court, vindicating previous judgments in similar cases, considered that the eating disorder rendered the patient incapable of deciding on nutrition and, therefore, that she lacked the capacity to refuse treatment for anorexia nervosa. This paper questions the narrow way in which the patient's decision was characterised by the Court in this and previous cases, which led to an application of the Mental Capacity Act 2005 that is incompatible with the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities because, based on a diagnosis only, anorexia nervosa patients were denied the right to decide where the balance lies between quality and duration of their own lives.     

论土地征用的公共利益界定及相关制度重构

本文从我国现行土地征用制度的现状与问题着手,对我国土地征用制度进行了相关制度评价。同时,笔者对公共利益进行了一般解析,并在此基础上,结合各国(地区)的立法规定,对我国目前土地征用中的公共利益进行了界定。进而,试图在这一指引下,对我国的农村土地征用制度进行相应改革和完善。     

论行政法视野下的公共利益

公共利益的需要是政府存在的正当性基础,政府行为的最终目的都应是实现公益。我们从行政法律规范的规定分析认为,政治学和经济学领域研究公共利益的路径存在本末倒置的倾向,应另辟蹊径,以法律为基础,从限制政府行为与保障公民权利的角度出发,设置一系列原则、制度来促进政府实现公共福利。