Mortgaging Security for Economic Gain: U.S. Arms Policy in an Insecure World

Similar to other consumer sectors of the global economy, the transfer of advanced conventional weapons and military technologies has entered the globalization process, a process that has qualitatively and quantitatively altered the composition and structure of U.S. national security policymaking. By injecting the decisionmaking process governing arms transfers into the global market place, U.S. policy makers must now reconcile maintaining economic competitiveness within the global system without jeopardizing U.S. national security interests. By subordinating national security interests to global economic imperatives, U.S. decisionmakers are at risk of mortgaging the political, societal, and security welfare of its citizenry for profit.     

城镇化视角下农村富余劳动力转移问题探析

当前,我国进入全面建成小康社会决定性阶段,全国各地正在加快推进新型城镇化建设。在推进城镇化进程中促进农村富余劳动力转移就业,是实现全面建成小康社会目标的重要保证。重视农村劳动力转移工作,建立城乡平等的就业体系,拓宽农村劳动力就业渠道,是解决农村富余劳动力的关键所在。     

知识经济背景下国际产业转移研究新趋势

新的国际背景下,传统产业转移理论对国际产业转移的新趋势的解释力逐渐失去了效力,迫切需要有新的突破和发展。文章从弗农产品生命周期理论、比较优势理论、雁行模式理论、产业梯度转移理论、国际分工理论、内部化理论、西方中心论、可持续发展理论等方面分析了国际产业转移发展的新问题,并提出了国际产业转移发展的新动向,认为国际产业转移理论正向东道国、知识因素、产业链、产业风险、跨国公司等方面的互动理论方向发展。     

我国东中西地区贸易成本、本地关联与产业转移

随着劳动力成本上升、人民币升值及产业的转换升级,企业资本逐利本性和自身机制灵活性的现实,民营企业跨区域迁移活动日益活跃,东部产业加速向中西部地区迁移。另一方面,产业的本地关联性和对原有产业配套的依赖程度也对企业的区位再选择产生影响。贸易成本的变化影响产业空间聚集,促进国内产业向中西部地区聚集。因而,提高本地开放程度、缩小地区间外贸成本差距、完善产业配套、降低区际贸易成本是中西部有效承接东部产业转移的重要途径。     

论国际投资中的国家责任问题

国际投资中的国家责任问题主要涉及国际投资的法律保护问题 ,如对外国投资和投资者的待遇标准、国有化或征收及其补偿问题。另外 ,还涉及特许权协议、拒绝司法、外交保护等问题。就外资待遇而言 ,发展中国家应根据其经济发展的实际情况在双边投资保护条约中慎重承诺。笔者通过对国有化问题的分析 ,认为国家在这个问题上所承担的国家责任不是传统国际法上的国家责任 ,而是一种“合法行为引起的国家责任”。关于特许协议 ,笔者认为它是国内契约。此外 ,在国际投资中 ,还涉及因污染转嫁而产生的国家责任。     

构建新型农村社会保障体系的困境破解

土地流转制度在我国农村形成了"三类人群":失地农民、农民工、农业劳动者,这"三类人群"是构建新型农村社会保障体系的特有约束。破解土地流转背景下构建新型农村社会保障体系的困境,切实保障农村居民的社会保障利益,是建设覆盖城乡的社会保障体系,构建和谐社会的基本要求。笔者在肯定土地流转制度有效的前提下,借鉴经济学中对弹性的分析思路,构建理论模型,分析土地流转制度下社会保障涉及的三大人群对社会保障制度的需求弹性和供需缺口,并基于制度变迁理论,设计出构建新型农村社会保障体系的"和谐三角"。     

区际民事案件移送制度初探

区际民事案件移送制度的作用主要是为了节约司法资源、减低司法成本、提高司法效率、保证司法公正、缓和区际管辖权冲突、避免当事人挑选法院、保护当事人合法的诉讼权益和促进区际司法协助等。美国和澳大利亚区际民事案件移送制度的立法与实践对我国具有一定的借鉴意义。     

论大学内部权力结构的形成机制

大学内部权力结构的研究渐渐引人关注,本文通过封中外大学权力理论谱系的分析,重新建耩了基于社会契约论和权力让渡理论的大学内部权力结构。大学内部的行政权力主要来源于学术权力、市场权力和政府权力（政党权力）的让渡,这些权力通过政治上的博弈最终形成一股合力,支配大学组织行政职权体系的构成和运行;而大学行政权力属于衍生权力,它是对这股政治合力的执行,其具体表现为行政职权。     

The changing dynamics of policy experiment in Singapore: does the 2011 general election make a difference?

The city-state of Singapore is proactive in harnessing policy experimentation to incubate innovations, transfer knowledge and facilitate collaborations across different public sectors. Given the country’s strong knack for pragmatism, international practices and lessons are usually first tested and adapted in policy experiments before scaling up to nationwide policies. Singapore’s practice of policy experimentation, however, has also demonstrated evolution over time. This article reviews the evolving role of experimentation in Singapore’s policy decision-making and implementation, and analyses pilot programmes in public housing to elicit the key attributes and commonalities of its policy experiments. It finds that policy experiments have been increasingly used after the 2011 general election, which witnessed a radical political rebalancing in Singapore’s governance history. Pilot projects have thus transformed from a utilitarian to citizen-centric, design-thinking approach after 2011. Pilot programmes are used for multiple purposes in policy innovations, among which civil service mentoring, knowledge transfer and cross-boundary collaboration are the values primarily pursued. The article discusses the contributions of the findings to the literature and policy implications for practitioners.     

The Contradictory Political Economy of Higher Education in the United Kingdom

The Coalition government's first Comprehensive Spending Review will cut 40% from university budgets by 2014. This will result in an increasingly tension‐prone political economy of UK higher education. As it is, the sector already sits uncomfortably astride the two distinct welfare models currently in existence in Britain. As the fees agenda has taken hold, university degrees have been increasingly susceptible to being rebranded as a strategic investment in the future, thus acting as an exemplar for the move towards an asset‐based system of welfare. Despite this, even in the post‐Browne world students will still not be charged the full market price of delivering degree programmes. Higher education institutions therefore continue to be redistributive mechanisms providing long‐term welfare‐enhancing transfer payments to their overwhelmingly middle‐class student base. The budget cuts and the associated changes to student finance will bring into stark relief the contradictions of serving two welfare masters at once.