我国当前潜在的金融风险及对策分析

深化金融改革,维护金融安全是我国金融发展的两大主题,也是完善社会主义市场经济体制的重要内容。当前我国金融业发展中潜在的和已经露头的金融风险对国民经济的健康、稳定运行带来了极大的威胁。因此,对金融风险的成因及对策的分析就显得极为必要。     

6FAM-HEX-TMR-ROX四色荧光分析体系的构建

目的为在310基因分析仪上进行6FAM-HEX-TMR-ROX四色荧光STR复合扩增分型建立基础条件。方法以pGEM载体作为靶DNA,设计引物扩增获得500~80bp的13个长度不等DNA片段,以这些片段纯化物作为模板DNA,分别扩增获得6FAM、HEX、TMR和ROX标记的M atrix标准物,用4种M atrix标准物在310基因分析仪上构建可用于6FAM-HEX-TMR-ROX四色荧光分析的M atrix文件。结果扩增所得的13个非标记片段,长度分别为80、100、120、140、160、180、200、220、260、300、340、400、500bp,在非变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶连续电泳-银染凝胶上均表现为单条带,6FAM、HEX、TMR、ROX分别标记的片段通过310基因分析仪检测均为单峰。混合ROX标记的80、120、180、220、260、300bp的6个片段获得的内标,显示出良好的线性关系。结论建立了有效的6FAM-HEX-TMR-ROX四色荧光分析M atrix,为进行多个STR基因座荧光标记复合扩增检测奠定了基础。     

论我国刑事责任的承担方式

刑事责任问题是刑法理论中比较重要的问题.正确认识刑事责任的承担方式是刑法发展的要求,同时也是 刑事责任理论应用于实战的前提条件。本文探讨了我国刑事责任的承担方式,并提出刑事制裁概念。     

浅论可罚的违法性的判断标准

对于轻微的犯罪行为采用可罚的违法性理论来说明,这在理论和实践中都是得到证明的,但是 判断标准应该如何来界定却是个难题。本文认为,判断行为是否具有可罚的违法性的标准应包括构成要件 阻却和违法性阻却两个方面。构成要件阻却包括质的相对性和量的轻微性,违法性阻却包括目的的正当性、 手段的相当性、法益的衡量、危害的轻微性、行为的必要性与紧急性。     

Comparative Politics and the Synthetic Control Method

In recent years, a widespread consensus has emerged about the necessity of establishing bridges between quantitative and qualitative approaches to empirical research in political science. In this article, we discuss the use of the synthetic control method as a way to bridge the quantitative/qualitative divide in comparative politics. The synthetic control method provides a systematic way to choose comparison units in comparative case studies. This systematization opens the door to precise quantitative inference in small‐sample comparative studies, without precluding the application of qualitative approaches. Borrowing the expression from Sidney Tarrow, the synthetic control method allows researchers to put “qualitative flesh on quantitative bones.” We illustrate the main ideas behind the synthetic control method by estimating the economic impact of the 1990 German reunification on West Germany.     

A Silver‐Stain Modification of Standard Histological Slide Preparation for Use in Anthropology Analyses

The traditional histology method typically employed by forensic anthropologists involves plastic embedding of undecalcified bone. The embedded sample is then cut by a diamond blade saw and ground to the required thickness of ~50–100 microns using a grinder. There are several limitations to this method: Cement lines may be blurred; depth‐of‐field artifacts may result from viewing thick sections; and medicolegal offices with limited budgets may not be able to invest in additional equipment or training for this method. A silver nitrate stain modification of the standard histology preparation technique of decalcified bone is presented. The benefits of this technique are that: Cement lines are viewed clearly; no depth‐of‐field artifacts are present; and because this is a modification of the standard technique used by histology laboratories typically employed by medicolegal offices, no additional equipment or training is required.     

A Simple Digestion Method with a Lefort Aqua Regia Solution for Diatom Extraction

Presence of diatoms in tissues has been considered as a significant sign of drowning. However, there are limitations in the present extraction methods. We developed a new digestion method using the Lefort aqua regia solution (3:1 nitric acid to hydrochloric acid) for diatom extraction and evaluated the digestive capability, diatom destruction, and diatoms' recovery of this new method. The kidney tissues from rabbit mixed with water rich in diatoms were treated by the Lefort aqua regia digestion method (n = 10) and the conventional acid digestion method (n = 10). The results showed that the digestive capability of Lefort aqua regia digestion method was superior to conventional acid digestion method (p < 0.01); the structure of diatom remained almost intact; and the recovery of diatom was comparable to the conventional acid digestion method (p > 0.05). The Lefort aqua regia reagent is an improvement over the conventional acid digestion for recovery of diatoms from tissue samples.     

双重视野中的犯罪目的

犯罪目的是行为人希望通过实施犯罪行为来实现的结果。从静态角度看,它是一种观念形态的犯罪意识,是危害结果的表象预先在行为人头脑中的反映。从动态角度看,它是在犯罪动机的基础上形成起来的,是犯罪动机在犯罪实施阶段的存在和表现形式,犯罪目的的展开和实现过程实际上就是犯罪意志的形成和表现过程。行为人犯罪未得逞,即是未达到犯罪目的,也就意味着行为人的犯罪意志还不完整;因此,从犯罪形态角度看,行为人未达到犯罪目的,可以作为犯罪未遂的最简单和最直接的认定标准。     

现代企业的"标准战略"

"标准战略"的目标是以技术许可赢取最大利润,企业间的"标准之争"实际上是合法的"技术壁垒"。我国企业的"标准意识"正逐渐增强,但核心竞争力有待提高。为应对国外标准的挑战,企业应建立标准的综合战略。     

理性的失落——对"器官异位案"的理性思考

法律对于理性人的假设,使法官在疑难案件的裁判中举步维艰。但任何一个具有正义感的法官都不应屈服于人类的有限理性。突破理论与实践中意识形态的束缚,创造性地适用法律并以此实现个案正义,是法官的必须选择。