俄罗斯加入WTO对中俄贸易的影响及对策

俄罗斯入世后,总体上有利于中俄贸易的健康发展,但也会给双边贸易带来新的挑战:中国商品在俄罗斯市场上将面临残酷的竞争;俄罗斯即将实施的进口农产品质量认证标准可能会把绝大多数中国农产品挡在俄罗斯市场之外;知识产权保护意识的增强将使中国引进俄罗斯高端技术的难度加大;俄罗斯将成为中国吸引外资强有力的竞争对手。因此,如何趋利避害,利用俄加入WTO的契机使中俄贸易迈上一个新的台阶,是中俄双方亟待解决的问题。     

构建海事司法鉴定机构的探索——以上海建设国际航运中心为视角

近年,海事、海商等涉海案件的数量逐年增长。海事诉讼案件中的待证事实多涉及专门性问题,需要通过科学实证予以鉴别和判断。上海在建设国际航运中心的同时根据国际法原则以及国际惯例,设立专门的海事司法鉴定机构已成为海事司法的必然要求。构建与完善海事司法鉴定机构对规范海事司法鉴定市场、维护当事人权益、保障社会法治建设、促进海事诉讼的审理与上海国际航运中心的建设都具有极为重要的意义。     

Eugene: A conceptual manual

The study of international relations using quantitative analysis relies, in part, on the availability of comprehensive and easily manipulable data sets. To execute large‐n statistical tests of hypotheses, data must be available on the variables of interest, and those data must be manipulated into a suitable format to allow the inclusion of appropriate control variables as well as variables of central theoretical interest This paper introduces software designed to eliminate many of the difficulties commonly involved in constructing large international relations data sets, and with the unavailability of data on expected utility theories of war.

In order to solve these two problems, we developed EUGene (the Expected Utility Generation and Data Management Program). EUGene is a stand‐alone Microsoft Windows based program for the construction of annual data sets for use in quantitative studies of international relations. It generates data for variables necessary to incorporate key variables from implementations of the so‐called “expected utility theory of war” into broader analyses of international conflict EUGene is also designed to make building international relations data sets simple. It accomplishes this by automating a variety of tasks necessary to integrate several data building blocks commonly used in tests of international relations theories.     

国际商事仲裁协议独立性新解

使用传统法律选择方法解决国际商事仲裁协议效力的法律冲突,在识别和确定连接点方面都存在缺陷和困难。在法国等国家兴起的国际商事仲裁协议独立于国内法的理论主张采用实体规范确定仲裁协议的效力,在一定程度上克服了法律选择方法的缺陷,有助于更加迅速、公正地处理案件,反映了国际商事仲裁立法和实践的新趋势。     

International Public Goods and Agency Problems in Treaty Organizations

This paper analyzes the extent to which international public goods and agency problems are present in international organizations. A noncooperative model of the funding choices of donor countries and the subsequent policy choices of an international agency is used to develop hypotheses about the behavior of ideal and problematic international agencies. The analysis suggests that international agencies are likely to be underfunded and undermonitored relative to that which maximizes the joint interest of signatory countries. The funding and policy implications of the model are tested using data from the Global Environment Facility (GEF). The statistical results suggest that (i) treaty obligations affect behavior of Annex 1 and non-Annex 1 countries, (ii) GEF’s allocation of grants generally advances the international environmental agenda, and (iii) significant free-riding and agency problems exist in GEF as it is presently organized. Overall, the empirical results suggest that treaty organizations may be relatively effective, if not perfect, instruments of international public policy.      

试论战后日苏关系的特点

战后日苏关系是影响东亚地区国际关系格局的一对重要的双边关系,同东亚地区其他国与国之间的双边关系相比战后日苏关系具有十分明显的特点;既有战胜国与战败国之间关系的特点,又有冷战中相互对立阵营中的主、配角之间的关系的特点。从地缘政治上看,日俄虽然是东北亚的邻国,但是由于历史的、现实的、经济的、文化的原因,两国关系又更多地表现出欧亚国家关系的特点。日苏两国在意识形态、社会制度和主流政治文化上存在很大的差异,因此,战后日苏关系又呈现出社会主义国家和资本主义国家关系的特点。     

《联合国国家及其财产管辖豁免公约》评析

第59届联合国大会通过的《联合国国家及其财产管辖豁免公约》肯定了国家豁免是一项国际法原则,对限制豁免进行了认定。当今的国际社会,限制豁免更易被接受。限制豁免是国际法规范的发展趋势。我国应制定《国家豁免法》,明确规定限制豁免的做法。     

论裁量余地原则在国际投资仲裁中的运用

当前，国际投资仲裁体系由于过度干预国家主权，因而面临着正当性危机。欧洲人权法院判例中采用的裁量余地原则能够较好地平衡国家主权与人权保护之冲突。目前国际投资仲裁庭对国家规制行为的审查标准不一，进一步影响到投资仲裁体系的正当性问题，因此，可以引入欧洲人权法院判例中的裁量余地作为对国家规制行为的审查标准，同时辅之于比例分析，以解决投资仲裁面临的正当性危机，这将会减少对国家主权的干扰，因而在政治上更加能够容忍。     

Bringing Soul to International Negotiation

In this article, the author calls for a shift in training for international commercial negotiation, away from the standard Western linear, rational, fact-oriented style toward training that makes room for "soul." As used here, the term "soul" combines several concepts that integrate learning on human cognition, cultural intelligence, and effectiveness in international management. The article discusses soul in terms of three components: emotion and subjectivity, deep narratives rooted in faith and ethnic traditions, and cultural intelligence. The article presents three negotiation scenarios from around the globe, contrasting first-generation training approaches to next-generation training approaches that would value the unconscious processes of decision making.     

国外三方协商机制及其对我国的启示与借鉴

三方机制是市场经济条件下工业化国家通过政府、雇主和工会组织对涉及经济社会发展等重大问题进行平等协商,达成一致的一种制度。它是平衡劳资力量对比、解决社会矛盾特别是劳动争议的有效手段,是确保经济社会平稳、可持续发展的制度性安排与保障。研究和借鉴工业化市场经济国家的有益经验,对于进一步完善我国三方协商机制,有效解决我国当前日趋增多的劳动争议,维护我国劳动关系长期和谐稳定,促进我国经济社会长期平稳可持续发展,具有十分重要的作用和意义。作者对进一步完善我国三方协商机制及其作用,提出了若干具体建议。