恐怖主义对国际和平与安全的影响--兼评安理会的相关立场

安理会是联合国集体安全制度的核心机关 ,在打击恐怖主义方面起着独特和举足轻重的作用。它从对国际和平与安全影响的角度审视恐怖主义 ,并以联合国集体安全制度对抗恐怖主义。它对恐怖主义对国际和平与安全影响的认识经历了逐渐深入的过程。目前 ,这一认识的框架已基本形成。     

电子商务、电子商法与国际私法的哲学创新

电子商务是指在以Internet为主的各种电子信息网络上所进行的经济和商业活动。作为一门新兴部门法,电子商法具有宏观的视野和开放的结构。在网络空间中,法律冲突将为法律反应逐步取代,传统的国际私法面临着哲学的创新挑战。     

浅谈国际代理的法律适用

随着国际贸易的迅速发展 ,跨国公司的大量涌现 ,国际代理在国际商事领域的地位日趋重要。本文试从代理内部关系和外部关系的角度来探讨国际代理的法律适用问题。     

略论经济全球化的实质

经济全球化的基本内容是三个自由化:贸易自由化、投资自由化、金融自由化.经济全球化的实质,是西方发达国家、特别是美国通过推行三个自由化进行资本的国际扩张,对全球市场和资源进行再分配.发展中国家要勇于应对这种挑战,善于同国际垄断资本进行周旋,趋利避害,实行"设有安全护栏的对外开放政策",在国际竞争中求得生存和发展.     

战争与和平的新思维——评托夫勒的《未来的战争》

托夫勒在《未来的战争》一书中,从新的视角分析和预测了当今及未来有关战争与和平的诸多问题,提出了现代文明冲突根源于生产力发展水平、知识是未来军队战斗力的核心资源和知识可以成为未来维护和平的因素等重要论断,但他把战争限制在不同文明之间的“民主和平论”、把知识视为未来战争的源泉和主权观上的“西方中心论”,则是片面的和错误的。     

制定国家青年政策的国际经验

联合国青年政策框架和各国制定青年政策的理论及实践表明,国家青年政策的制定必须在立足于本国．国情的同时又注意借鉴国际经验,并对“青年”等基本概念做出明确界定,阐明青年与自然、青年与社会等基本关系,把青年作为未来力量与现实力量的集合体和问题与潜力的统一体。     

国际知识产权保护和我国面临的挑战

在全球化中知识产权保护不断强化、中央提出建设创新型国家的大背景下,我国的知识产权保护面临着挑战和机遇。基于对世界上主要国家、地区知识产权制度与相关国际条约及其对我国的影响之考察,对各国及国际的知识产权保护中值得借鉴之处的分析,我们应当做的是:一方面利用知识产权制度业已形成的高端保护推动国民在高新技术与文化产品领域搞创造与创作这个“流”,另一方面积极促成新的知识产权制度来保护我们目前可能处优势的传统知识及生物多样化这个“源”。这样,才更有利于加快我国向“知识经济”与和谐社会发展的进程。     

“直接适用的法”与合同准据法的确定

“直接适用的法”是指无须援引法院地冲突规则而必须直接适用于某种涉外民商事关系的强制性法律规范。它在涉外合同准据法的确定中的地位有不同观点 ,本文对此进行了探讨 ,并分析了“直接适用的法”与具体的涉外合同法律适用原则的关系 ,认为“直接适用的法”在适用于涉外合同关系时只应作为对一般冲突规范的限制 ,而不是确定合同准据法的首要原则。     

Trade Measures and Climate Compliance: Institutional Interplay Between WTO and the Marrakesh Accords

This article examines the potential of trade measures to induce more climate-friendly policies, focusing on the relationship between global trade rules and the Kyoto climate regime. At the core of this interplay is the normative consistency of trade-related rules in the two regimes and any hierarchical relationship between them. The stronger clout of the WTO and its compulsory dispute settlement system suggest that issues involving competing claims would be referred to WTO bodies. Such bodies have so far been restrictive regarding the exceptions in WTO agreements to the general ban on embargoes and discrimination. The normative compatibility of the two regimes will also depend on their participatory interplay, specifically how they differentiate groups of actors as to rights and obligations. Non-members of WTO receive the least protection, and their vulnerability to climate-related trade measures is largely determined by their interdependence with states that consider employment of such measures. Among WTO members, the findings of a dispute settlement body would presumably differ depending on the status of the target under the Kyoto Protocol. A non-complier with Kyoto commitments would be more shielded than a non-party, because by joining the Kyoto regime a non-complier has exposed itself to regime-internal and less trade intrusive measures that should be exhausted first. A third dimension of interplay is linkage, or efforts to influence the regime interplay. To date there has only been moderate cross-agency coordination, but considerable attention is paid within each regime, including in the Millennium Round of trade negotiations, to the desirability of avoiding conflict between them.     

The Future Climate Regime: A Regional Comparison of Proposals

This paper compares and clarifies differences revealed in proposals from different regions on a future multilateral climate regime, after the year 2012. More than 100 articles in English were collected, categorized according to the lead authors region, and then reviewed to identify the general tendencies of each region. Proposals on emission allocation rules were the most popular in Europe, while rules related to international emissions trading dominated proposals from the United States. Few articles came from other Annex I countries, but these generally provided only the most basic aspects of a future regime. Meanwhile, concerns for equity and the relevance of any new regime in terms of sustainable development were clear in proposals from non-Annex I countries. Differences among regions were considered to be a reflection of current circumstances in each authors region. The capacity and culture of authors in some regions were considered to be other possible factors in differences. The paper concludes that recognition of regional background that formulate respective preferences and concerns regarding a future climate regime will be important to help reach a multilateral agreement in future official negotiations.