认识当前西方政治思潮的视角与方法

当前西方政治思潮在世界范围内快速传播，对我国主流意识形态构成一定程度的挑战和冲击。笔者认为，应综合运用多种方法剖析和揭示当前西方政治思潮的实质，并做出成功回应。     

警察盘查制度若干法律问题研究

盘查系介于任意性调查行为与强制性调查行为之间的中间行为.警察为拦阻、留置相对人得采用必要的强制力手段,但是具体强制力度应遵循比例原则的要求,参酌案情的重大性、可疑的程度、盘问的必要性、紧急性等因素综合权衡后决定.现场盘查的时间原则上应控制在20分钟以内,仅在考虑到盘查方式合理性、必要性与合目的性的前提下可以适当延长;同行后继续盘问的时间应控制在6小时以内,情况比较复杂的,可以延长至12小时(不能高于拘传的期间).如果相对人拒绝回答身份信息或者回答无法令盘查人员满意,警察可以采取一切必要之强制力以获取相对人的身份信息;而在其他基础信息方面,公民有权拒绝回答,即使公民选择自愿回答后也无需为真实性提供担保.盘查中的人身检查应当限于体表拍触,物品检查也限于随身携带及现实可支配、控制的范围,而不得随意侵入嫌疑人的上锁的物品内部.如果盘查是以同意的方式进行,无需立法的明确授权,其合法性源于公民舍弃基本权的承诺.     

“Sex change” in skeletal remains: Assessing how heat-induced changes interfere with sex estimation

The true impact of heat-induced changes in human bone regarding their sex estimation has not been comprehensively documented having a potentially negative impact on forensic anthropology. The objective of this paper was to evaluate how heat exposure affects sex estimation based on both morphological and metric features. The study focused in both low-to-medium intensity burns and high intensity burns. Selected sexually dimorphic features were analysed in 51 experimentally burnt skeletons from the 21st Century Identified Skeletal Collection. Bones were burnt to maximum temperatures between 450 °C and 1050 °C achieved after 75 to 257 min. Morphological methods tested in this study comprised the recommendations for hipbone features from Buikstra and Ubelaker (1994) and from Bruzek (2002). On the other hand, metric references tested here were the ones from Wasterlain (2000), Curate et al. (2016) and Gonçalves et al. (2013) focused on the humerus, femur, calcaneus and talus. Agreement was tested with Gwet’s AC1 test and was further assessed by calculating the relative amount of perfect agreements. Results demonstrated that heat-induced changes affected not only the scoring of morphological features burnt at high temperatures but also the scoring of features burnt at lower intensities. On the other hand, metric features were only considerably affected in high intensity burns, no major changes being documented for low-to-medium intensity burns. For low-to-medium intensity burns, the Bruzek and Curate et al. methods revealed a better agreement between the pre- and post-burning scores. For high intensity burns, better agreement was obtained by using the Bruzek (2002) and Gonçalves et al. (2013) methods. As expected, heat-induced warping, fracture and metric change had a major impact on the pre- and post-observations’ agreement. Contrary to what has been systematically assumed over the years, this impact is also quite substantial in bones burnt at low-to-medium burn intensities so caution is advised during the analysis of this kind of burnt skeletal material.     

双层社会视阈下数据犯罪的法益规制思路

从网络到现实,双层社会迅速形成,相关犯罪亦从现实社会迁移至网络社会。如何应对伴生的新型犯罪形态,关键在于能否全面、清晰认知双层社会的链接点——数据。数据犯罪随双层社会固化而持续扩张,立法、司法均提出各自的应对思路,但规制现状并不乐观。以数据犯罪为核心,分析该犯罪形态在立法与司法领域的表征,并结合其技术与社会的双重价值属性,针对受损法益展开分析,最终实现对相关罪名适用的逻辑化探索。     

Decentralising to Villages in Indonesia: Money (and Other) Mistakes

Nearly 15 years after embarking on its large‐scale decentralisation programme, Indonesia has decided to extend its efforts to the village level. Decentralising to villages is intended to improve service delivery performance at the lowest administrative tier and reduce social inequality and poverty. A number of potential difficulties with the design of Indonesia's nascent village decentralisation initiative have already become apparent. Methods used to allocate funds to villages are particularly problematic. Oddly, fund distribution procedures insist to a large extent on equal per village allocations, despite the significant heterogeneity of villages. And they ignore other sources of revenue to which villages have access. In the event, village revenues will be very inequitably distributed: villages with high levels of poverty will receive less money than they need and villages with access to significant funding from oil and gas revenues will receive more than required. Also, village service responsibilities are unclearly defined, village financial management systems are inadequately prepared to handle large increases in funding, and mechanisms to monitor and control village spending are underdeveloped. These difficulties will severely constrain the achievement of official objectives and create further challenges for reformers in their attempts to combat corruption at the subnational level. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

试论计算机网络故障处理及维护方法

随着我国科学技术的不断进步,计算机网络已发展成为人们的工作、学习生活中必不可少的一个工具.但是在当前的计算机网络系统使用中经常会出现故障,所以及时的发现在计算机网络中出现的故障并有效的解决是使用计算机网络的关键工作.本文主要分析在当前计算机网络中存在的一些常见的故障,并提出科学的解决故障的措施和日常生活中的维护方法,以保证计算机网络稳定的运行.     

社会转型期社会矛盾与冲突测量方法综述

社会转型不可避免地带来不同行业、不同地域、不同部门等各种社会群体关系的不协调与矛盾。转型期社会矛盾与冲突的测量有两大方法:客观测量和主观测量。客观测量法分为两种:一为社会结构测量法;二为经济差异测量法。主观测量分为三种方法:满意度测量方法;主观幸福感测量方法;社会意识与社会态度测量。     

以学生为中心的英语教学方法探究

随着学生对英语学习需求的多样化,在英语课堂上采用适合学生需求的教学方法显得尤为重要。以学生为中心,让学生在课堂上扮演主要角色,教师以辅助角色存在,来提高学生在英语教学中的主体地位,是英语教学的关键。