司法心理测试在侦破内盗案件中的应用

在对司法心理测试进行的实验研究和现场研究中,司法心理测试用于侦破内盗案件成功率很高,内盗案件的性质及测试条件适合使用心理测试技术,被测人所处地位以及劝导说服式的测后谈话对被测人的心理影响很大。     

运用讯问语言的法律界限探析

在侦查讯问中,讯问语言既是沟通讯问人员与犯罪嫌疑人的信息载体,也是体现和实施讯问谋略和方法的有效工具。但在讯问中必须严格把握合法的语言暗示、启发和非法讯问中引供的界限;把握讯问人员策略地承诺与非法诱供的界限;把握合法的证据口头宣示方式和指名指事问供的非法讯问的界限,以保障讯问活动合法、顺利地进行。     

关于律师在场权的思考

律师在场权本质上是公民对国家权力的一种监督权,反映了刑事诉讼主体性理论、程序公正理论、多元价值平衡理论的客观要求。律师在场权是对侦查权的一种制衡,许多国家及相关国际文件都确认了律师在场权。在我国尽快确立这项权利,有利于公正的侦查程序的建构,对遏制刑讯逼供、保障犯罪嫌疑人合法权利等具有重要意义。     

罪犯改造质量评估模式研究

罪犯改造质量是指罪犯经过一定时间的改造达到的守法公民的程度。从矫正技术的角度认识罪犯改造质量评估,对改革监狱工作具有重要的意义。在现代社会条件下,监狱不仅是专政的机关,更重要的是刑罚执行机关。对罪犯的改造状况进行科学的评估,必须走出监狱机关“泛政治化”的窠臼,必须摆脱传统的评价罪犯改造质量的经验型、主观性和理想化的模式。从矫正技术的视角来研究罪犯改造质量评估,关键是把评估数量化,最大限度地减少人们主观的干扰。目前的问题是要改革监狱工作的体制、机制,提高监狱人民警察的职业化程度。     

Comparison of Different Analytical Methods for the Determination of Carbon Monoxide in Postmortem Blood

The determination of carbon monoxide (CO) and carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) is of utmost importance in forensic toxicology to determine the cause of death in cases of CO poisoning, fire, and explosions. To this end, reliable and updated analytical methods are required. In this paper, four different methods for the determination of carbon monoxide in postmortem blood samples were compared: (i) the spectrophotometric determination of COHb applying the method proposed by Rodkey and modified by Beutler–West, (ii) the spectrophotometric determination of CO using a micro-diffusion-based method, (iii) the determination of CO by gas chromatography coupled to a TCD detector, and (iv) the determination of COHb by blood gas analysis. Three postmortem blood samples were analyzed with all methods, and the results were comparable. The applied methodologies showed different features depending on the sensitivity, sample preparation, and volume. The HS-GC/TCD method in our hand was the most appropriate, on postmortem samples, and versatile to apply. Unfortunately, only a limited number of postmortem blood samples were available for this study due to the rarity of that kind of intoxication in our jurisdiction.     

Geomatic techniques in forensic science: A review

The purpose of this review paper is to highlight various geomatic techniques that crime scene reconstructionists or forensic practitioners can use to document different kinds of scenes, highlighting the advantages, disadvantages, and when best to use each technology. This paper explores geomatic techniques such as a total station, photogrammetry, laser scanners and structured light scanners and how they can be used to reconstruct crime scenes. The goal of this paper is not to discredit manual methods, as they are long standing and reliable, but instead to shed light on alternative methods that may produce equally or more accurate results with a more visually appealing final product. It is important for law enforcement and forensic professionals to understand the advantages and disadvantages of each technique, knowing when certain techniques should be used (and when they should not), and being able to revert to traditional methods if required.     

同一律在侦查讯问中的运用

侦查讯问中，正确地运用同一律，有助于围绕讯问主旨合理地设置问题，对犯罪嫌疑人的回答（或供述）进行监控，可及时地识别、驳斥犯罪嫌疑人的诡辩。运用时应当注意：把握好运用的条件，问题要有确定性，发问要简明，不能违反法律规定。     

侦查讯问问题研究

我国侦查讯问在观念、行为和制度上都存在许多突出的问题,亟待完善。考察借鉴其他国家在侦查讯问制度上的一般做法,我国的侦查讯问除在观念上必须革新外,还应当确立无罪推定原则和任何人不被强迫自证其罪原则,在制度上则应当构建完整的讯问规则体系和权利保障体系并强化监督制约机制。     

苏轼“随物赋形”说新论

"随物赋形",指的是苏轼诗文表意自然顺畅而又灵活多变的特点.其形成表面上看是苏轼在创作过程中所采用的表现手法使然,但归根到底则与其观照世界和立意取境的独特方式有着密不可分的关系.在佛教的"现量"观和禅宗"随缘自适"、"任心"等思想的影响下,苏轼要求创作主体在观照外物的时候拥有"空且静"的内心,且不主动向外界搜求,而是即景会心,所见、所闻、所感、所悟即为诗料.苏轼对水"随物赋形"这一特征的认识并不限于文学领域,它体现在其为人处世的原则上则是以道家思想为主导、兼容儒家思想的人生观.     

从语言学角度分析讯问言语及预设的运用

讯问语言属于应用语言学中言语交际学研究的对象,是一种特殊的言语交际活动。它与其他言语交际有共同的一面,但更重要的是有其特殊性的一面。讯问特殊的交际环境,使讯问言语具有其不同于其他言语的交际原则。通过语言学的角度分析讯问中言语的应用,寻找科学有效的言语表达方式对于侦查实践是非常有益的。