Online Participation Chaos: A Case Study of Chinese Government-Initiated E-Polity Square

The research examines a government-initiated online engagement program in China, mainly including its history, mechanism, and how netizens participated in it. To clearly address the participation scenario, a framework is proposed to further explore the quality of participation. The result shows that participation chaos is prevalent with poor-quality proposals. A government censorship exists all the time and changes with the popularity of the forum. It also implies that the purpose of a Chinese government-initiated online engagement forum may be varied, one for engagement and the other for maintaining stability, which partly attributes to the online participation chaos.     

Examining media markets’ influence on the diffusion of antismoking legislation in US counties

This article assesses the role of mass media markets in the diffusion of antismoking legislation in the state of Missouri in the US. Testing multiple diffusion theories, this study finds that media markets can facilitate the diffusion of policies among local jurisdictions by exacerbating intercounty competition. More attention should be given to media markets when assessing policy diffusion mechanisms at the local level. Media markets can be an important source for policy information conveyance among counties over a large geographic area. Furthermore, traditional diffusion studies that rely on geographical contiguity measures may not be completely capturing the existence of diffusion by excluding media markets.     

Patronage,politics and performance: radio call-in programmes and the myth of accountability

The role of media in promoting political accountability and citizen participation is a central issue in governance debates. Drawing on research into the interactions between radio station owners, journalists, audiences and public authorities during Somali radio call-in programmes we argue that these programmes do not simply offer a new platform for citizens to challenge those who are governing but that they are also spaces where existing power structures reproduce themselves in new forms. We identify the ways the programmes are structured and the different motivations the audience has for participation. Three types of programmes are identified and their relationships with patronage, politics, and performance are examined. Rather than focusing on normative assumptions about the media as a tool of accountability, the article emphasises the importance of understanding radio programmes in their social and political environment, including the overlapping relationships between on-air and off-air networks.     

Putting a Price on Justice: How to Incentivize the Downsizing of Prison Populations

Abstract

We argue that the proximate reason the United States overuses prisons is that for local prosecutors and judges, sending offenders to prison is “free”; the state pays. By completely subsidizing prison use, states incentivize local overuse of prisons. State prisons in the United States are common pool resources, so options to managing common pool resources used in fisheries and environmental protection may have applications to corrections. We propose, for this purpose, seven options: six involve pricing systems and each having several variants. Each approach, in its own way, puts a price on justice. We also outline other changes in correctional and sentencing practices policy makers need to make to implement these approaches. We anticipate potential consequences, good and bad, of incentivizing justice. Finally, we fully expect our proposals to incur the ire of some political idealists on the right and the left. Nevertheless, for policy makers who are concerned about practical solutions to the grave injustices and high costs of mass incarcerations, our portfolio of options should be useful.     

增强经常性思想工作群众性的几个问题

新的历史条件下,增强经常性思想工作的群众性,关键是要立足初级阶段的实际,更新陈旧的素质观、利益观、效益观和经验观,切实把群众作为经常性思想工作的主体,调动群众参与的积极性,使经常性思想工作发挥更大的效益.     

互动:操纵的传媒与传媒的操纵——浅析新闻传媒与美国政治之间的相互影响

在美国,新闻作为一种特殊的政治力量,在一定程度上改变着政治结构,而政治又在某种程度上影响着新闻的形成.这使得新闻传媒自觉或不自觉地成为一种被操纵的工具;而传媒也反过来影响政治及统治者本身.政治与传媒的互动形成“你中有我、我中有你”的动态平衡,从而使传媒政治化、政治社会化.     

防暴指挥员处置群体性事件方略初探

近年来,伴随着改革发展而出现的群体性事件,作为转型时期我国经济市场化发展进程中的必然现象,已经成为当前影响发展与稳定的突出问题。如何妥善处置好这些事件,确保社会稳定大局,对公安机关来说是个严峻的考验。防暴指挥员作为公安机关处置工作的决策者和执行者,同时又是党委、政府现场处置工作的参谋和助手,其领导指挥水平的高低,将直接影响着公安机关处置工作的成败。因此,研讨防暴指挥员处置方略问题显得十分必要。     

石台县虎杖药材及其根际土壤中硒及重金属元素含量检测与相关性分析

目的 测定石台县虎杖药材及其根际土壤中Se和重金属Pb、Cd、As、Hg、Cu的含量,并对其相关性进行分析。方法 采用电感耦合等离子体质谱技术测定Se和重金属Pb、Cd、As、Hg、Cu的含量,并对其相关性进行分析。结果 石台县7个乡镇虎杖药材中Se、As、Cu、Cd、Pb、Hg的平均含量分别为0.59、0.32、7.42、0.12、1.38、0.005 mg/kg;根际土壤中Se、As、Cu、Cd、Pb、Hg的平均含量分别为2.34、65.77、44.65、0.95、111.61、0.22 mg/kg。结论 石台县虎杖药材及其根际土壤皆达富硒水平,且虎杖药材与其根际土壤中硒含量呈正相关;但虎杖药材与其根际土壤中As、Cu、Cd、Pb、Hg等重金属元素的含量不具相关性;石台县7个乡镇虎杖药材重金属含量均低于国家限量标准,具有较高的安全性。     

顶空进样-气相色谱-质谱法测定芪白平肺胶囊中挥发性成分

目的 测定芪白平肺胶囊中挥发性成分。方法 采用顶空进样-气相色谱-质谱联用技术,并通过所用质谱库检索研究其挥发性化学成分组成,用面积归一化法确定各成分的相对百分含量。结果 共分辨出68个色谱峰,鉴定出53个化学成分,约占总挥发性成分含量的90.75%,主要挥发性成分为酯类(38.58%)、酸类(22.97%)、杂环类(13.54%)、醛类(8.75%)、醇类(2.84%)、醚类(2.71%)、芳烃类(0.74%)和酮类(0.62%)物质,其中含量最高的是乙酸乙酯(25.54%),其次为乙酸(11.79%),含量较高的为2-甲基丁醛(7.00%),2-氨基丁酸(6.83%),乙酸丙酯(5.60%),2,3-二羟基丙酸(3.45%),糠醛(3.08%),5-甲基糠醛(3.05%),2-甲基四氢呋喃-3-酮(2.82%),2-乙酰基呋喃(2.54%),甲基环氧丙烷(2.03%),等。结论 所建立的方法分离效果较好,能够准确鉴定芪白平肺胶囊中主要挥发性成分。     

505例健康体检者的中医体质类型与血糖、血脂、体质量指数关系分析

目的 研究不同体质与血脂、空腹血糖（fasting blood glucose, FBG）、体质量指数（body mass index, BMI）的关系,从宏观和微观角度探究体质的形态结构特质。方法 对505例健康体检人群进行横断面的中医体质调查,同时测定各受试者的血清总胆固醇（total cholesterol, TC）、三酰甘油（triglyceride, TG）、低密度脂蛋白（low density lipoprotein, LDL）、高密度脂蛋白（high density lipoprotein, HDL）、FBG,计算BMI,比较每种偏颇体质与平和质的TC、TG、LDL、HDL、FBG、BMI及高脂血症发生率,对每种体质的转化分与TC、TG、LDL、HDL、BMI进行多元线性回归分析。结果 阳虚质者TC、TG、BMI显著低于平和质者（P<0.05,或P<0.01）,痰湿质者BMI显著高于平和质者（P<0.05）,气郁质者BMI显著低于平和质者（P<0.01）。与平和质比较,阳虚质者高脂血症的发生率呈下降趋势,痰湿质者呈升高趋势。多元线性回归分析显示,LDL越高,阳虚质转化分越低;TG越高、BMI越大,阴虚质转化分越低,FBG越高,阴虚质转化分越高;HDL越高,痰湿质转化分越低;BMI越大,瘀血质、气郁质、特禀质转化分越低。结论 阳虚质、阴虚质、瘀血质、气郁质者体型偏瘦,痰湿质者体型偏胖;阳虚质者血TC、TG、LDL、FBG偏低,阴虚质者血FBG偏高,痰湿质者TG、LDL偏高,HDL偏低;痰湿质者具有易发高脂血症的倾向。