Forensic Analysis of MTBE Contamination Using Basic Hydrogeologic Concepts

Contamination of groundwater with petroleum hydrocarbons and additives, such as methyl tert‐butyl ether (MTBE), is often linked to the leaking product distribution system of gas stations. In very few cases is it know if and when a leak occurred and how much product was released to the environment. In the absence of direct evidence, a careful analysis of the available data, such as contaminant breakthrough at receptor wells or discrepancies in the product inventory data, may provide evidence about the nature of the release, its timing and magnitude. Using a MTBE contamination site in the formerly glaciated New England region as an example, two possible release scenarios (slow, long‐term release vs. spill) were examined. Of the two scenarios, the slow release could be ruled out as the sole source even though there was no direct evidence for a spill. The analysis of hydraulic test results together with chemical data further permitted to estimate when such an undocumented spill might have occurred. Analyses of the data also allowed these results to be compared to that of a prior transport and fate modeling study. Good agreement and consistency for contaminant travel times was confirmed. This forensic analysis demonstrates that applying basic hydrogeologic principles can aide in the reconstruction of contamination events while providing more readily understandable and defendable evidence relative to complex models. Conceptually, the approach described herein is transferable to other sites with similar hydrogeologies.     

商事仲裁庭组成程序的异化与修正——基于博弈论的分析

当事人合意选择仲裁员组成仲裁庭,是商事仲裁的特色之一。在仲裁实践中,由于仲裁规则的设置有利于申请人,组庭程序从选择双方共同信任的仲裁员异化为排除己方不信任的仲裁员。笔者试图运用博弈论的方法,从孤立博弈和序贯博弈角度分析组庭程序中当事人的行为,在分析名单法、边裁选定首席仲裁员方法的基础上提出组庭程序的意见和建议。     

谁来解释法律--关于我国法律解释权配置的思考

在我国当前的法律解释体制中,立法机关、行政机关和司法机关都可以解释法律,带来了法律解释的混乱,引发了一系列的矛盾。无论是英美法系国家还是大陆法系国家,其法律解释权最终都掌握在司法机关和法官手中。我们可以借鉴它们的体制,结合我国国情,制定一部法律解释法来规范法律解释活动,明确赋予司法机关法律解释权,实现最高人民法院被动统一的法律解释与法官在个案中的法律解释的结合。     

古代中国“能动司法”的实践及特征

中国古代法官在司法实践过程中固然存在着巨大的自由裁量的主观性空间,但这种主观性并非完全基于古代法官任意,而是在封建统治者乃至整个社会对于司法实践结果的价值期待的范围之内,依靠长时期伦理教育及社会实践经验能动行使的结果。但古代中国在缺乏法律至上及逻辑规则制约下的能动司法,必然存在着专擅的司法、腐败的司法的巨大可能性。     

缺血性中风气虚血瘀证动物模型的初步研究

选用中老龄大鼠，采用饥饿、劳累、高脂饮食、结扎左侧侧颈总动脉的方法，制作缺血性中风气虚血瘀证模型。通过对一般体征、局部脑组织血流量、脑水肿、血液流变学、血浆血栓素Ａ２（ＴＸＡ２０、前列环素（ＰＧＩ２）的观察。结果表明：模型鼠出现偏瘫症状；脑组织含 显著增高，脑水肿明显；ｒＣＢＦ显著增高，ＰＧＩ２显著降低，血液呈高度浓、粘、凝、聚状态。符合缺血性中风气虚血瘀证的临床特点。     

法官行使自由裁量权的实证分析

法官自由裁量权本身意味着法官必须在两个以上的合法答案中做出选择。但这种选择并非局限于法律范围。法官在自由裁量时,往往是法律之外的因素决定了法官的处理方案。而法官却可以通过判决书的书面方式进行掩饰。     

论逻辑思维方法在公安情报信息研判中的运用

逻辑思维是公安情报信息研判的重要工具,运用逻辑思维可以研判情报信息是否具有真实性;可以研判情报信息所反映事物的特征和深层次原因;可以研判情报信息所反映犯罪嫌疑因素;可以研判情报信息所反映事物的危害性和可能发展趋势;可以研判情报信息中所需解决问题的预警措施;还可以研判案件与案件之间的相同或相似特征。     

法律人的职业伦理--以法官为例

作为法律人最典型的代表，法官应以实现公平正义为职业目标，处理好与党和国家、与职业、与利益、与他人及自己的关系，具备忠诚之德、信仰法律、人文情怀、廉洁自律、慎独慎行五大职业伦理。     

关于促进欠发达地区人才流动的思考

人才是一个国家经济和社会发展的重要战略资源,更是经济欠发达地区摆脱贫困、实现跨越式发展的关键。人才流动无论是在国家之间还是地区之间,都是加快人力资本积累进而促进经济社会发展的一个重要机制,是市场经济发展客观规律的必然要求。本文分析了欠发达地区人才流动的重要性及影响人才流动的不利因素,提出了促进欠发达地区人才流动的建议,即以经济结构转变吸引人才,以高质量社会服务水平支持人才流动,以政府政策导向引导人才流动。     

简上加简:我国刑事速裁程序研究

The quick criminal judging procedure is a system of exploration and reform in our country. In improving the efficiency of litigation, exploring the division of complicated and simple criminal cases, protecting the rights of the accused and reducing the detention rate, it has important value and significance. However, there are many problems in the process of trying, such as narrow scope of application, conflict between efficiency and right, the concept of division of labor and lacking cooperation. In the exploration of quick criminal judging procedure we can broaden the scope of application, strengthen the judicial protection of human rights, and reverse the rigid thinking of the case to promote the reform and improvement of the system.