Linguistic and visual strategies for portraying immigrants as people deprived of human rights†

The majority of news items on sub-Saharan immigrants in the Spanish press refer to their arrival by jumping the fences of Ceuta or Melilla or landing in small boats at the Spanish coast. The data in this article consist of all the news items published on the arrival of sub-Saharan immigrants in Spain by jumping the fences of Ceuta and Melilla, items that appeared in the digital editions of the two most popular Spanish newspapers, El País and ABC, from 1 January 2012 to 1 January 2015. The principles of critical discourse analysis and visual grammar are used to deconstruct the linguistic and visual portrayal of sub-Saharan immigrants when they try to enter Spain by jumping the fence. This research reveals that the immigrants jumping the fence at Melilla are represented as wild and dangerous. There is no reference to their human rights. The study thus aims to provide a visual analysis of the way in which the arrival of these immigrants is represented visually in two serious newspapers. In this way, the study aims to unveil visual ways of negative representation of immigrants, who are portrayed as dangerous invaders.     

Resistance and reform: discourses on marital law in Japan*

This article examines opinions concerning fūfubessei (a married couple retaining their birth surnames) posted on an online forum. Recently, the topic of fūfubessei has once again come under a spotlight, since the Japanese Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of the Civil Code Article 750, which stipulates that a married couple must choose either the husband's or wife's surname upon marriage registration. Owing to the large number of women forfeiting their surnames, the fūfubessei issue has often been researched from feminist perspectives, which may have hindered the voices of others. This article analyzes, using text mining (quantitative analysis) and discourse analysis (qualitative analysis), a large number of opinions from people of various cultural backgrounds. The results of this study reveal a diversity of beliefs and attitudes towards Article 750, reflecting the complexity of the issue. In general, proponents of reform claim the law violates equality, rights and liberty. From opponents there was a strong push to conform rather than to recognize a need for individual choice. Moreover, the many personal narratives provided insight into issues on the ground and revealed how many in Japanese society have dealt with the law, social pressure and social expectations and why they have followed the path they have chosen.     

Too many enemies: Mobilization,marginalization, and political violence

Over the past decades, a pattern has emerged across the Islamic world of secular actors struggling to build sustainable social movements while Islamists show a higher success rate in doing so—a dynamic often accompanied by high levels of violence and little space for dialogue between actors from across the political spectrum. In this article, we illustrate the utility of social movement theory (SMT) in explaining the ability of some movements to mobilize en masse, while others become marginalized. Furthermore, we suggest that SMT is useful in understanding the processes that produce socio-political dynamics conducive to violent rather than non-violent tactics. Through a case study of Bangladesh, where in 2013 the secular Shahbag mobilization was derailed by a massive Islamist counter-mobilization, this article shows how movements not only capitalize on, but actually contribute to, shifts in cultural discourse through political maneuvering and long-term socialization. By anchoring their ideology in pre-existing religio-cultural imagery, Islamists have been successful in casting themselves as “authentic” defenders of Islam and their secular opponents as “atheists.” In such a socio-political context, the space for dialogue among the various political actors is severely limited and the impetus to employ violent tactics strong.     

Space,discourse and environmental peacebuilding

The concept of environmental peacebuilding is becoming increasingly prominent among peacebuilding scholars and practitioners. This study provides a brief overview about the various discussions contributing to our understanding of environmental peacebuilding and concludes that questions of space have hardly been explicitly considered in these debates. Drawing on discourse-analytic spatial theory, I discuss how the social construction of scale, place and boundaries are relevant for environmental peacebuilding processes and outcomes. This theoretical approach is then applied to the Good Water Neighbours project, which aims at improving the regional water situation and at building peace between Israelis, Palestinians and Jordanians. The results suggest that discursive constructions of space are important in facilitating, impeding or shaping environmental peacebuilding practices. Analyses of environmental peacebuilding, but also of peacebuilding more general, are therefore encouraged to draw more strongly on the findings of spatial theory.     

新时代建构党的政治建设话语的意义、原则与思路

建构党的政治建设话语是现实的且必要的。新时代建构党的政治建设话语的重大意义在于:是加强和推进党的政治建设的现实之需,是加快构建党的建设话语体系的应有之义,是开拓马克思主义党建理论新境界的当然之要,是彰显中国特色社会主义政治优势的有效之音。新时代建构党的政治建设话语需要切实遵循主体性与在场性相统一的身份原则、现实性与理论性相统一的生成原则、导向性与价值性相统一的功能原则、对话性与批判性相统一的开放原则。新时代建构党的政治建设话语需要明确把握是“我”在说话、用“事实”说话、为“人民”说话、与“外界”对话的总体思路。     

晚清至五四时期知识分子的性别话语及其社会文化意蕴

本文主要从性别分析视角,通过梳理晚清至五四运动时期精英知识分子关于妇女解放的话语,揭示女性与中国现代性之间的关系,探讨这一时期女性形象如何被不断建构,从而展现性别化了的历史图景.文章认为性别的变化并不只是女性社会地位的变化,从某种意义上说,女性是作为一种文化符码被纳入到了知识分子的话语系统与现代民族国家的建构之中的,民族主义一直是性别表述的主旨,同时,女性形象的变化也与精英知识分子自身的身份认同危机紧密相关,性别变化背后有着丰富复杂的社会文化内涵.     

中国环境权理论的认识论研究

中国目前的各种环境权理论都没有达致认识主体间的理解、交往和商谈。二十世纪末期的环境权理论具有建构主义的倾向,二十一世纪初的环境权理论不仅具有现实主义的倾向,而且更为符合中国精英的“自然主义认识论”倾向。当下中国语境中主张“现实主义者的建构主义认识论”的理论家们试图在一个弱势的自然主义基础上个体性和群体性地建构中国环境权的公共话语。     

“法律”一词使用、翻译的话语实践——集中于19世纪初期在中国的西方传教士

基于法律的独特语境,“法律”概念的使用和翻译不可避免地是复杂的。在近现代随着各个民族国家交往的深入展开,这样复杂地使用和翻译的背后隐藏着许多“重要故事”。我们可以认为,法律的存在其本身就意味着纠纷的存在,纠纷不仅可能是个人的,而且可能是广义社会的或说民族国家的,后者在特定时期可能是更为重要的。在纠纷中,随着人们的利益、观念、立场或者态度的不同,这种不同同样又是不可避免的,“法律”概念的一般含义因而也会裹挟在利益、观念、立场或者态度中表达自己的“差异”。因此,应当揭示使用、翻译背后的话语实践。     

论教育学中关于“生活世界”的话语

“生活世界”作为中国当前教育学理论探讨中一个重要的价值取向已经在教育理论及实吓中导致了一系列的变革,将建立在主-客二分基础上的传统的师生之间的认知关系转变为以理解与对话为基础的主体性的我一你交往关系。这一转换直接带来了中小学日常教育活动的新面貌,如我一你式温馨评语的兴起与这一转换直接带来了中小学日常教育活动的新面貌,如我-你式温馨评语的兴起与推广,这是对马克思主义实践理论的深化和创造性转换,但是,在将“生活世界”这一西方概念用于中国本土语境中,也存在许多问题,主要是缺乏乡村的视角,忽视制度化教育对学生身体的规训,将“生活世界”概念与普通人的日常生活相混淆。     

语篇衔接之于诗歌主题的表达——对乔治·赫伯特诗作《美德》的文体学分析(英文)

George Herbert’s poem,"Virtue",conveys to us a theme that all material things in this world,however shiny they are on the outside,are flashy on the inside;only the spiritual sublime virtues that human beings possess remain fresh forever.Linguistically speaking,the discourse cohesion of this poem contributes to the expression of the theme of it.Based on the stylistic analysis,this paper argues that the expression of the poetic theme is realized through the overall layout of cohesion of this poem,manifested in rhyme scheme,lexicon,structure and logic.