论格式免责条款的效力层次——兼谈《合同法》及其司法解释之间的矛盾及其协调

格式免责条款效力如何,合同法及其司法解释都有明确的规定。不过,这些规定之间大都相互冲突,矛盾重重。为了化解矛盾,有必要先区分格式条款提供方是否违反说明或提请注意义务。违反者应视为没有订入合同,若没有违反,则应区分4种不同情况而对效力进行规定。唯有如此,才能在格式免责条款上达成自由与公平的平衡。     

房屋征收行为中行政权力的滥用与约束——兼论《国有土地上房屋征收与补偿条例》

随着我国经济发展、城市化进程的加快,因房屋拆迁而引发的社会恶性纠纷日益增多,一边是不由分说的＂强拆＂,一边是不惜以死抗争的＂抗拆＂,行政权力的无限膨胀,对个体财产权的肆意侵犯,已成为我国在建设法治国家过程中必须正视的问题。伴随着《国有土地上房屋征收与补偿条例》的出台,备受社会各界非议的《城市房屋拆迁管理条例》也同时废止。新拆迁条例在限制行政权力,保障私权上作出了巨大的努力,但仍未达到一个相对完善的境界,可以结合新拆迁条例,从公共利益的界定、程序正义、公平补偿三个方面思考如何进一步防范行政权力的滥用,以真实保障公民的财产权利。     

论未成年人恢复性司法的合理性与局限性

恢复性司法是一种通过恢复性程序实现恢复性后果的非正式犯罪处理方法。为考察司法人员与公众对待确定未成年人恢复性司法制度态度,对法官、公众等不同群体作问卷调查,结果表明,法官和公众对未成年人司法制度的诸项改革基本认可。该制度的合理性表现在可减少刑事污点对未成年人的消极影响,有利于恢复受损的社会关系,对违法犯罪的未成年人有积极的矫正作用;其局限性体现在难以满足同罪同罚的刑法原则,难以避免替代性的承担责任的现象等。避免局限性的关键在于要解决恢复性司法与正式司法程序的关系问题。     

舆论监督与司法公正的关系

舆论监督与司法公正的博弈是社会主义法治建设中的必然现象,也是制衡权力与权利的必要途径,本文从司法公正和舆论监督的概念出发,讨论了二者在现实层面的矛盾表现,并对其原因进行分析,论述了舆论监督与司法公正在社会公正这一共同价值追求下的统一和互补。     

恢复性司法“中国化”之制度抗衡问题研究

就被害人、犯罪人利益保护而言,无论是附带民事诉讼制度、还是刑事被害人补偿制度抑或是刑事和解制度、非刑罚处罚方法,它们都远不如恢复性司法那么周详;就提高诉讼效率而言,刑事简易程序功不可没,但已无拓展的空间,亟须恢复性司法的加盟。     

Citizenship, mental illness, and the criminal justice system

The concept of citizenship in regard to persons with mental illness has gained increasing attention in recent years, but little empirical research has been conducted on this topic. In addition, little research or conceptual writing has been done on the topic of criminal justice in regard to citizenship for people with mental illness, in spite of the high incidence of criminal charges and incarceration among this group. We review our work on an applied theoretical framework of citizenship, including its origins in mental health outreach work to people who are homeless and in a jail diversion program. We then suggest the contribution the framework can make to the intersecting issues of mental illness, its criminalization in the U.S., and the goal of community integration for people with mental illness.     

SETTLEMENT‐FOCUSED PARENTING PLAN CONSULTATIONS: AN EVALUATIVE MEDIATION ALTERNATIVE TO CHILD CUSTODY EVALUATIONS

The divorce mediation field has recently seen the development of several “hybrid” alternative dispute resolution approaches to child custody disputes. The “settlement‐focused parenting plan consultation” (SFPPC) is a form of evaluative mediation, conducted by a “parenting plan consultant” (PPC), who possesses the combined expertise of a mediator and child custody evaluator. This hybrid model is a more expedient and considerably less expensive approach than a child custody evaluation, but preserves the hallmark mediation principle of self‐determination. The article describes the theory underlying the SFPPC, delineates the role requirements, procedures, and techniques of the parenting plan consultant, and addresses legal and ethical issues.     

Fairnes issues and job satisfaction among korean employees: The significance of status value and procedural justice in work orientation

This study investigates how justice or fairness issues such as procedural justice, distributive justice, and status equity affect job satisfaction among Korean employees. Incorporating cultural values and social norms salient in Korea, the study hypothesizes that perceptions of procedural justice enhance more job satisfaction than perceptions of distributive justice among Korean employees. Another hypothesis, based on Korean employees' aspiration for higher occupational status, predicts that perceptions of status equity, i.e., occupational prestige of their current jobs relative to their human capital, also increase job satisfaction more than perceptions of distributive justice. These two hypotheses were tested with a sample of 501 full-time employees in Korea. Supporting the hypotheses, the results indicated that (i) perceptions of procedural justice produce more job satisfaction than do perceptions of distributive justice; and (ii) perceptions of status equity are the most important factor predicting job satisfaction among the three fairness issues. Cross-cultural implications of these findings are discussed in more detail.The author thanks Professor Hyunho Seok and the Korean Social Science Council (KSSC) for their 1990 national survey data sets.     

中美产品责任归责原则比较研究

目前美国产品责任并存着疏忽责任、担保责任和严格责任三种归责原则 ,而我国在面向消费者的归责原则上实行的是严格责任。此外 ,我国的过错责任、瑕疵担保责任与美国的疏忽责任、担保责任的含义和适用上都有很大差别。法律实质上是在对效益与正义的考量中不断发展的 ,本文在对中美产品责任归责原则的比较研究的基础上 ,揭示了造成这种差异的内在原因是政治、经济、法哲学思潮等多种因素的相互作用和影响 ,而这一切归根结底是各种利益博奕的结果 ,并用辩证唯物主义观点对如何平衡我国相关立法中的利益关系提出了若干建议     

法理天空 用精取宏——评《法理学:法律哲学与法律方法》

《法理学:法律哲学与法律方法》一书运用整体论的方法,描述了西方从古希腊到二十世纪七十年代的各种法哲学流派的思想、理论和主义,论证了法律是秩序与正义的综合体,探讨了解决法律问题的方法论,从而完整地构建了综合法理学体系。