未获得无船承运人资格订立的运输合同是否有效

关于未获得无船承运业务经营资格的货运代理人,以无船承运人身份与托运人订立的运输合同的效力问题,司法实践中争议颇多。本文从民法的角度,对该问题进行了分析论证,并认为未获得无船承运业务经营资格的货运代理人所订立的运输合同应当有效     

我国中小企业的发展与劳动力就业--从国际比较看发展中小企业对于解决我国劳动力就业的重大意义

中小企业在当今世界各国经济的发展过程中一直受到广泛的重视.在一些中小企业比较发达的国家和地区,所在政府有关部门都从政策、金融、税收等方面进行不遗余力的支持.本文主要从国际比较的角度,探讨中小企业的发展对于解决我国劳动力就业问题的重要作用.     

WTO框架下的工会应对与维权

中国入世以后 ,随着国际规则在企业中的通行和非公有制经济的长足发展 ,中国工会面临着复杂的外部环境 ,透视出工会维权的艰巨性与重要性 ,对此 ,工会应进一步转变观念 ,改进组织体制 ,调整工作思路 ,创新工作机制。维权工作更应放在推动三方协商机制的实施、集体合同与劳动合同的管理以及保障劳动者受教育和提升劳动者自身价值上 ,积极探索新经济关系下职代会机制如何保障职工合法权益。     

浅议工会在劳动争议处理中的地位和作用

在劳动争议处理过程中,工会具有十分重要的地位,起着任何个人和组织无法替代的作用。工会应当参与劳动争议处理,履行维护职工合法权益的基本职责,促进劳动关系的和谐和社会的稳定。     

反思最密切联系原则在涉外合同领域的适用

意思自治和最密切联系原则是当前合同法律适用中的主要原则,一般而言,立法允许法官在当事人未做有效选择时,依最密切联系原则确定合同准据法。但依最密切联系原则确定合同准据法具有内在不合理性。合同关系的性质决定了法律对当事人意志的尊重。当事人既然有权选择合同的内容,当然也有权选择合同应适用的法律。     

论我国合同责任的归责原则

合同责任的归责原则是合同责任研究中的核心问题。我国《合同法》规定的合同责任归责原则究竟是什么 ,有不同的观点。我们认为 ,我国《合同法》确定的合同责任归责原则是一个体系 ,是由过错责任和无过错责任原则构成的。这两种归责原则在具体表现上分为三种形式 ,即过错责任原则、过错推定原则和无过错责任原则 ,它们各自调整不同的合同责任归责问题     

Precarious Work and its Complicit Network: Migrant Labour in Singapore

ABSTRACT

How does precarious work entail social vulnerabilities and moral complicities? Theorists of precarity pose two challenges for analysing labour conditions in Asia. Their first challenge is to distinguish the new kinds of social vulnerability which constitute precarious work. The second is to assign moral responsibility in the social network that produces vulnerability in depoliticised and morally detached ways. In this article, the social and normative dimensions of precarious work are connected through a conceptual investigation into how Singapore allocates responsibility for managing temporary migrant labour. First, it analyses how various management strategies, driven by globalisation and government deregulation, increase worker vulnerabilities. These strategies intensify relations of dependence, disempowerment and discrimination, which the workers may accommodate or resist in limited ways. Second, it assesses why the strategies leave the state, employers, agents and others complicit in producing the vulnerabilities. These actors enable, collaborate with, or condone the production of precarity. Their complicity is complicated by varying support or resistance to reforms. The result is a novel conceptual scheme for analysing the complicit network behind precarious work, which can be used in other sites of precarity where some are complicit in the vulnerability of others.     

Can smartphones empower labour migrants? The case of Kyrgyzstani migrants in Russia

ABSTRACT

In the last two decades, mobile phones and new technologies have transformed migration. Some scholars argue that they help empower migrants, who are otherwise often marginalized in their host country. We discuss the extent to which this is true for Kyrgyz labour migrants in Russia, a relatively large diaspora that suffers from multiple levels of disempowerment, ranging from precarious living and working conditions to a lack of legal support and representation from their home government. Relying on fieldwork conducted in Kyrgyzstan in 2017 and 2018, we explore the extent to which smartphones are enabling Kyrgyz labour migrants in Russia to be informed about migration rules, help each other abroad, connect as a diaspora, and discuss important diaspora topics. Our findings are relevant beyond academia, as many international and governmental agencies are trying to assist migrants through technology; they also point to several missed opportunities for these organizations.     

Pathways to child work in Tajikistan: narratives of child workers and their parents

A recent child-work study by the International Labour Organization reports that 27% of children in Tajikistan ages 5–17 worked in 2013. Although children worked in agriculture or performed household chores in Soviet Tajikistan, child work for pay is a relatively new phenomenon in modern Tajikistan. This study examines the pathways to child work and the families’ perceptions of child work experiences. Some of the main findings of this study are the themes connected to normalization and acceptance of child work in Tajikistan. These are explained by expectations placed on children at the social, family and personal levels that are in turn affected by macroeconomic forces that are by-products of the transitional economy. The study also explores differences in expectations by gender, age and area of residence.     

Labour Unrest in Vietnam and China: Insurgency or Contained Contention?

This article reviews three recent books on labour politics in Vietnam and China: Angie Tran’s Ties That Bind: Cultural Identity, Class and Law in Vietnam’s Labor Resistance; Jeffrey Becker’s Social Ties, Resources and Migrant Labor Contention in Contemporary China: From Peasants to Protesters, and Eli Friedman’s Insurgency Trap: Labor Politics in Post-Socialist China. These three books capture the changing patterns of labour unrest and labour institutions in Vietnam and China, which are accounted for by the social foundation of resistance as well as the political economy of capitalist development. Their main contribution to the existing literature is that they draw out the new dynamics and new venues within the state that can both enable and constrain labour resistance and struggle in these countries. However, this article also argues that these works have not adequately theorised the nature of change within the state and the role of the law in labour resistance. It therefore suggests that bringing in the law to socio-political institutions is essential to a research agenda that explores continuity and change in labour politics in Vietnam and China as transitional economies.