Conflict Assessment in Energy Infrastructure Siting: Prospects for Consensus Building in the Northern Pass Transmission Line Project

As energy demand grows rapidly worldwide, power line infrastructure will continue to be a major development planning challenge. This study considers the environmental conflict that has arisen over a transnational transmission line project between Canada and the United States. A qualitative conflict assessment is presented to define the parameters for consensus that could prevent protracted litigation between stakeholders. Proactively designing a process to encourage consensus building during the early development phase remains the most critical determinant of compromise. In this article, we argue that in this case a consensus‐building effort could be feasible if certain design requirements were met, including gaining the participation of key stakeholders, paying attention to trust, and focusing on the issues specific to this transmission line rather than to a larger energy discussion. The research shows that despite potential pitfalls, reaching more widely accepted and ecologically sensitive solutions to environmental conflicts through participatory and collaborative approaches is possible and worth the effort.     

性别角色刻板印象与女性发展的民族学研究

性别角色是民族心理研究中的重要内容,它总是带有明显的社会、文化、民族等的印记。本文就性别角色作了民族学与心理学的分析,本文就性别角色作了民族学与心理学的分析,尤其是对性别角色获得的文化与民族因素、对性别角色刻板印象作以剖析,以期对民族性别角色获得及克服性别刻板印象进行分析研究。     

How does initial public financing influence private incentives for follow-on investment in early-stage technologies?

One common rationale supporting public financing programs for small firms is that initial public investment creates incentives for follow-on private investment. However, there does not appear to be a unified statement in the literature describing how initial public investment creates incentives for follow-on private investment. Focusing on external private investors, we use a two-stage net present value model to identify four effects from initial public investment on the private decision for follow-on investment. Our empirical analysis uses a sample of non-venture backed firms entering the SBIR program to examine how reduced risk, the number of SBIR awards, and size of initial public investment influence the likelihood of follow-on venture capital investment. We find the probability of follow-on venture capital investment is more likely when firms reach Phase II of the program, is less likely as firms win multiple Phase I and Phase II awards, and is more likely as the size of initial public investment in Phase I increases.

体验的回归：人本心理学启发式研究方案评析

人本心理学家穆斯塔卡斯发展的启发式研究方案具有自身的独特内涵、特征、概念框架和研究过程.作为一种有着系统的概念框架和完整研究步骤的心理学方法体系,启发式研究方案使人本心理学方法论不再流于理论倡导,而是融入到个人经验研究的具体实践,丰富、增进了心理学的质化研究方法.但它尚需进一步澄清、消除自身概念、设计与操作上的混乱之处,并需以辩证唯物主义实践观看待人的本质,确立心理学的整合视野.     

海峡两岸刑事简易程序之比较

经历多次修法,两岸刑事简易程序出现不同格局。我国台湾地区刑事简易程序分简易判决处刑程序和简式审判程序,其适用范围、启动条件和审理方式大有区别。祖国大陆只有一种刑事简易程序,其适用范围与普通程序当然有别,而在审理方式、《判决书》之制作以及救济途径上,祖国大陆刑事简易程序与刑事普通程序并无分别。比较而言,台湾地区刑事简易程序相对合理,有值得借鉴之若干方面。祖国大陆应当建立多元格局之刑事简易程序,同时完善现行《刑诉法》规定之简易程序,改革刑事简易程序之救济途径。     

占有改定与善意取得 兼论民法规范漏洞的填补

占有改定和善意取得的关系,考验着法律人的抽象思维能力和具体情形中符合事理的判断力,需要运用成文法解释模式进行法律论证。在物权法的意义脉络中,立法文本所表述的交付概念从未涵括占有改定。作为法律拟制产物的占有改定,其物权变动效果不等同于现实交付,与善意取得之间具有不相容性。占有改定的物权合意只能在传来取得的情形中产生效力,在善意取得的情形中则不生效力。为填补规范漏洞,物权法第106条所言交付应作目的论限缩解释,以免法律激励出坏的交易风险,有悖于此条款追求交易安全的价值取向。     

公共信托原则与土地环境损害赔偿的甄别标准

作为英美法系的一项古老原则,公共信托原则指的是政府应当保障社会公众能实现对环境资源所应当享有的权益,有时出于公共利益不得不使个人的财产权利作出一定的让步。但公共信托原则的适用经常与美国宪法的公用征收条款发生混淆或冲突,特别是如果事前政府并未获得财产所有权,却实际上由于对私人财产造成环境损害而侵犯了私人财产所有者对其财产享有的权利,政府是否应当向财产所有者赔偿损失,这就涉及公共信托原则与反向征收的甄别。二者甄别标准的确定需要对一系列相互冲突的范畴进行权衡,如社会的经济发展目标与环境资源保护目标、私人所有权与公众对环境资源的正当权益、公民的生存权利与环境权利等,不同的案例凸现不同的社会需求,因而需要彰显的价值目标亦各有区别。     

论农地产权制度改革与生态环境保护

我国现行农地产权制度存在着主体缺位、产权残缺、土地经营权不够稳定并且经营零散和公有资源得不到保护等缺陷,这些缺陷导致农户对农地掠夺性经营,也不利于对农业生态环境的统一安排和管理,要解决这些问题,必须改革农地集体所有制,通过股份制以村民小组为范围建立真正意义"集体经济组织"。     

TRENDS IN CHILD PROTECTION MEDIATION: RESULTS OF THE THINK TANK SURVEY AND INTERVIEWS

Several child protection conflict resolution program directors and researchers talked about how best to initiate a networking effort for their field. In September 2007, their conversations culminated in a Think Tank in Columbus, Ohio. This was a collaboration of judges, program directors, researchers, and representatives from national organizations that work in child protection. Participants felt this was a successful effort and that the meeting provided networking opportunities and many provocative discussions. In order to facilitate a meeting that would be meaningful for the Think Tank participants, input was solicited from as many constituent groups as possible. Surveys and interviews were completed in the summer of 2007, which shed light on themes that were ripe for discussion and improvement. This article details the survey and interview results and includes some brief comments from the Think Tank itself. Thoughts about future research in child protection conflict resolution are also provided.     

EMPLOYMENT AID FOR YOUTH AGING OUT OF FOSTER CARE: EXTENDING ONE-STOP CAREER CENTERS TO INCLUDE A DIVISION FOR FOSTER CARE YOUTH

Every year thousands of children are discharged from the foster care system and find themselves ill prepared for the responsibility of adulthood. Providing enhanced employment opportunities to both current and former foster care youth will allow them to become economically self-sufficient and therefore have an improved transition from foster care. This Note proposes that states incorporate a foster youth employment program in the one-stop career centers mandated by the Workforce Investment Act. Through this program, foster youth will be provided with the tools they need for success while maintaining control over their own future.