Power and property: commercialization,enclosures, and the transformation of agrarian relations in Ethiopia

The transnational agrarian social movement Vía Campesina is campaigning to have the United Nations negotiate and implement a Declaration, and eventually an International Convention, on Peasants' Rights. This article analyzes the origins and demands of the campaign and the place of the claimed rights in international law. Peasant organizations hope to follow in the footsteps of indigenous peoples' movements that participated in the negotiations preceding the 2007 UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. The peasants' rights campaign has succeeded in linking its demands to discussions of the right to food in the United Nations, where concern is growing over the approach of the 2015 target for realizing the Millennium Development Goals, in particular the halving of the numbers of people suffering from hunger. The campaign is likely to face stiff resistance from powerful UN member states, but could achieve substantial advances even if the path to a convention is difficult or never completed.     

Territories of peace: alter-territorialities in Colombia’s San José de Apartadó Peace Community

ABSTRACT

Scholars are increasingly re-theorizing territory beyond the nation-state given Indigenous and Afro-descendant groups’ demands for ‘territory’ as they confront land grabbing in Latin America. Yet alternative territorialities are not limited to such ethnic groups. Based on 16 months of ethnographic research between 2011 and 2016, I explore the relational territoriality produced by a peasant ‘peace community’ in San José de Apartadó, Colombia. By tracing the collective political subject produced by the Peace Community’s active production of peace through a set of spatial practices, places and values, which include massacre commemorations, food sovereignty initiatives and Indigenous–peasant solidarity networks, this contribution presents a conceptual framework for analyzing diverse territorial formations.     

Negotiating hybridity in highland Bolivia: indigenous moral economy and the expanding market for quinoa

Scholars often highlight the capacity for cooperation and reciprocity as one of the most outstanding features of Andean peasants, but also raise concerns that these traditional strategies necessarily wither and fade as Andean people and places are increasingly incorporated into capitalist markets and processes. This study examines how non-market cooperative and reciprocal economic practices are affected as rural Bolivians expand production to meet a growing international demand for the Andean pseudo-grain quinoa. Based on the grounded experiences of rural Bolivians who are negotiating the modernisation and martketisation of agricultural production for the first time, I find that increasing incorporation into global markets need not undermine the moral economy of rural people, and may in fact strengthen their commitment to reciprocal and cooperative strategies. In contrast to claims that the spread of modern markets and technologies will weaken and ultimately replace cooperative strategies, I argue that reciprocity practices are important components in the construction of a new, hybrid economic space. Within this space, where economic strategies are based on moral sentiments as well as market logic, reciprocity provides a socially and ecologically appropriate ‘toolkit’ with which rural people negotiate their uneven incorporation into global capitalistic processes.     

城郊失地农民的社会认同困境与社会政策的完善

城郊失地农民在市民化的过程中面临着各种社会认同困境。因此,要完善征地补偿安置和社会保障政策,提高政策满意度;优化就业政策体系,提高就业能力;完善撤村建居管理和服务,加强社区建设;健全教育政策,提高文化科技素质,以增进城郊失地农民的制度、经济、文化以及市民身份认同。     

农产品价格上涨与农民增收

2007年以来，农产品价格上涨，农民收入并未有效增加，在物价高涨的情况下，如何保障农民的收入的增加，是我们需要面对的问题，我们要从加大对农民的直补，加强农民专业合作组织建设，加强农产品市场建设等方面努力解决问题。     

胡锦涛的“三农”思想

农业、农村和农民问题是中国革命、建设和改革的根本问题,是当前全党工作的重中之重。以胡锦涛为总书记的党中央,提出的一系列加强“三农”工作的思想和观点,应用、丰富和发展了中国特色社会主义经济理论。     

农村社会保障体系：现状·问题·对策

目前,我国农村社会保障过分依赖家庭保障和土地保障,已无法适应当前农村经济社会发展的要求,迫切需要建立符合现代文明、体现社会公平与公正的新型农村社会保障体系。为此,应摈弃“经济发展决定论”片面化的思想误区,着重建立健全三项农村基本社会保障制度,拓宽农村社保资金来源渠道,提升土地保障和家庭保障的“造血”功能。     

论邓子恢的农民观

农民问题,是中国现代化进程中的主要问题,邓子恢关于解放农民、让利农民、调动农民、教育农民的 农民观,为我们今天正确认识和解决“三农”问题,加深对中国共产党执政规律的认识提供了借鉴.     

进镇农民的社会支持网探析

对441户进镇农民的问卷调查结果表明,农民进镇前后所建构的是一种同中有异的社会支持网络,并没有从根本上改变以亲缘地缘关系为基础的社会网络纽带,实际上这也相应地减轻了进镇农民的交易成本和心理成本。但有必要从正式组织资源角度扩大进镇农民的社会支持网,以推动农村城镇化的发展。     

城乡结合部农民犯罪问题的思考

随着城市经济的发展,我国城乡结合部的农民刑事犯罪现象日益凸显,已经成为严重影响社会治安的突出问题。当前我国城市中,农民犯罪多集中在城乡结合部。这些地区已经成为维护城市社会治安的关键地带。认真分析和研究当前我国城乡结合部农民刑事犯罪的现状、特征,对有效治理农民犯罪,维护良好和稳定的社会秩序有着十分重要的现实意义。