由客体到主体:民初女性婚姻权利的变化——以大理院婚约判解为例

在传统的婚姻制度与习俗中,女性并非婚姻的主体,在婚约定立中,她们处于被安排的地位,在婚约履行中,她们是被强迫履行婚约义务的客体,在婚约的解除中,也是被双方父母争议的标的物,这种状况直到民国初年的民事基本法仍然没有任何改变。但民国初年的大理院因受西方民法理念及国内妇女运动的影响,通过一系列判解对《现行律民事有效部分》的相关规定进行了一定的变通,这种变通使民初女性的婚姻权利体现出由客体而主体的变化趋势。     

美国女性与宗教和政治

美国妇女的宗教虔诚性远远高于美国男性，其参与教会活动的频率和程度也高于男性。伴随着女性教徒人数的增多和女性参与教会事务的深入，美国妇女不仅在教会事务上增加了发言权，而且在政治事务上的影响力也不断增强。本文旨在探讨美国女性与宗教信仰和政治态度之间的关系，以揭示女性性别和宗教信仰对政治的影响和作用。     

Rural women migrant returnees in contemporary China

This essay focuses on the experiences of female returnees in rural–urban migration in contemporary China. Based on in-depth interviews with women migrants, returnees, their family members, friends and fellow villagers in both sending and receiving areas, the research examines rural migrant women's return migration process. It investigates rural migrant women's decision-making in the process, the ways women returnees construct their lives in the countryside, their identity negotiation as returnees and the impact of patriarchy on women's experiences of the return and resettlement process. The author argues that despite women's active involvement in migration and the ‘empowerment and agency’ gained through migration, the patriarchal power relations within rural households remain intact and continue to shape rural female returnees' life in their villages.     

论日本农业女性的家庭经济地位

日本农业经营以家庭经营为基本单位。这种经营模式的一大特点就是统一核算所有收入。这种计算方式下无法确定个人对收入的贡献，也没有明确的收入分配制度，由此产生了女性劳动得不到评价的问题。在概观日本家庭农业经营特点的基础上，分析女性对日本农业的贡献，从家庭经济地位的角度阐明日本农业女性实际所处的状况和面临的问题。     

社会工作介入农村留守老人养老的分析——基于闽浙3村的实证调查

本文通过对福建和浙江2省3村的实证调查，描述了改革开放后在农村青壮年劳动力外出务工的背景下留守老人的养老困境。面对这样的困境，结合目前国家还无力建立起城乡统筹的社会保障的实际，笔者提出这样的一种设想：将专业社会工作服务引入留守老人养老服务领域，发展以社区为依托、由社会工作人员提供专业社会工作服务的新模式。     

当代“剩女”婚配困境化解路径的散点透视

都市“剩女”现象日益显著，引发女性婚配困境凸显的社会事实。本文基于“剩女”婚配危机的形成，从结构主义框架中探寻女性目标与手段的内外兼顾，在反思现代性视野中思考客观女性与主观女性的进退兼容，在社会交换范式中注重女性诉求的义利兼备，在社会网络视野中强调女性择偶方式的软硬兼施，在社会流动视阈中注重女性职业复出与婚姻回归的风雨兼程，以求有效的行为路径变更传统性别模式对女性婚配的现代禁锢。     

Reframing Orientalism: Weber and Islam

In debates on the encounters of Middle Eastern societies with Western modernity, Max Weber's work is invariably seen as the classical statement of what may be called sociological Orientalism. Most 'Third Worldist' and other anti-Orientalist critics locate Weberian and neo-Weberian perspectives within Orientalism as a discourse of Western domination which has remained hegemonic since the mid-nineteenth century. In contrast, this paper argues that only with the victory of the Bolsheviks in 1917 and the subsequent consolidation of the Soviet bloc were conditions in place for the re-articulation of Orientalism as an ideological construct, a discourse of domination. Weber as well as Marx and other pre-Soviet thinkers are thus relocated outside the reach of the Orientalist/anti-Orientalist opposition, where they display significant differences from both. The essay then turns to reconsider W'eber's specific research programme and his views on Islam and shows their intrinsic limitations for the current debate over the rise and trajectory of militant Islamism. It concludes by outlining a still recognizably Weberian strategy for resolving this debate.     

A School-Based Approach to HIV Prevention for Inner-City African-American and Hispanic Adolescent Females

This study examined the efficacy of a school-based HIVIAIDS prevention intervention for African-American and Hispanic adolescent females. Participants, 60 high school freshmen enrolled in an inner-city parochial high school, were randomly assigned to either HIVIAIDS prevention or attention-placebo womanhood interventions. Significant ethnic differences were found, with African- American adolescents reporting notably higher levels of sexual assertiveness and comfort discussing AIDS preventivc behaviors, as compared to Hispanic adolesccnt females. Further, both African-American and Hispanic participants who received the HIV/AIDS prevention intervention increased their knowledge of AIDS, more so than participants in the attention-placebo condition. These findings highlight the importance of culture in the design of relevant and sensitive HIV/AIDS prevention interventions for ethnic minority youth.     

Preventing ‘robotised women workers’: women,sport and the workplace in Scotland 1919–1939

This article examines a new area of women's leisure; women's participation in work-related sport. The growth and development of industrial welfare in Scotland in the interwar period will be discussed. Within broader studies, Stephen Jones, Helen Jones and Melling have all indicated that there was a growth in industrial welfarism in Britain from the turn of the twentieth century. This development of welfarism, which included provision of educational classes, pensions and medical support, increasingly also encompassed a variety of sports and physical activities. By looking at case studies, developments in provision across a range of industries will be examined. This discussion will draw on a wide range of sources from a variety of women's employment, from factories to clerical positions and from the retail sector to the civil service. This article will examine the types of sporting opportunities open to women through their workplaces, including organised welfare schemes and independent employee-led activities. Moreover, it will explore working women's experiences of these activities and the ways in which they chose to participate in sport.     

Coercion, Consent and the Forced Marriage Debate in the UK

An examination of case law on forced marriage reveals that in addition to physical force, the role of emotional pressure is now taken into consideration. However, in both legal and policy discourse, the difference between arranged and forced marriage continues to be framed in binary terms and hinges on the concept of consent: the context in which consent is constructed largely remains unexplored. By examining the socio-cultural construction of personhood, especially womanhood, and the intersecting structural inequalities that constrain particular groups of South Asian women in the UK, we argue that consent and coercion in relation to marriage can be better understood as two ends of a continuum, between which lie degrees of socio-cultural expectation, control, persuasion, pressure, threat and force. Women who face these constraints exercise their agency in complex and contradictory ways that are not always recognised by the existing exit-centred state initiatives designed to tackle this problem.