海南自由贸易港临时仲裁制度的建设研究

海南自贸港的仲裁机制应置于国际竞争中去考量。在海南自贸港中构建临时仲裁制度符合市场经济发展的规律和该制度自身发展的规律。尽管目前临时仲裁制度已在自贸区内有限开放,但临时仲裁制度在海南自贸港落地的障碍主要来自于我国仲裁机构的定位不合理,“三特定”的界限模糊,临时仲裁裁决的执行和认可缺乏规制,现有临时仲裁规则普适性的缺失。我国香港地区的临时仲裁的发展数据表明,成熟和强大的法律体系、临时仲裁的高度保密性、仲裁机构的有限介入和当事人的意思自治是该项制度迅速发展的重要原因,值得参考。海南自贸港在立法路径上可根据《立法法》对《仲裁法》第16条和第18条作出变通处理或者根据《立法法》对临时仲裁制度作出系统性的规定,并报全国人大常委会批准,应重新认识仲裁机构的促进性和服务性并高度尊重当事人的意思自治,还原临时仲裁的本质属性。     

Parliamentary Rule: The US Senate Parliamentarian and Institutional Constraints on Legislator Behaviour

This article analyses the extent to which institutional rules constrain member behaviour in the United States Senate by examining the evolution of its parliamentarian. Interestingly, the US Senate parliamentarian has received surprisingly little scholarly attention given the important role she performs in the legislative process. The subsequent analysis thus provides a new understanding of the parliamentarian's role in the legislative process and the interplay between institutional rules and member behaviour in the Senate. To this end, the following analysis is situated within the context of the two primary theoretical approaches to understanding how institutional rules constrain member behaviour: path dependency and majoritarianism. These contrasting approaches provide expectations about the extent to which members will defer to the parliamentarian's interpretation of Senate rules rather than exercising their own discretionary control over those rules. Examining the evolving relationship between the parliamentarian and individual members affirms the centrality of institutional rules as a constraint on member behaviour over the past several decades. Yet such an examination also yields two surprising, and potentially contradictory, observations. First, individual senators in both parties have increasingly deferred to the parliamentarian to interpret the Senate's rules. This is surprising given that the Senate has simultaneously become more individualistic, partisan, and ideological over the same period. Second, the majority party has recently disregarded the norm of parliamentary constraint reflected in past practice and demonstrated a willingness to ignore Senate rules when doing so was necessary to achieve legislative success. This could signify a potential shift in how majorities view the constraints imposed by Senate rules if current trends of legislative dysfunction continue.     

盗窃罪“定性加定量”罪名立法模式的否定与反思

我国盗窃罪实行的"定性加定量"的罪名立法模式违背盗窃罪典型行为犯的认知和无罪推定原则,以盗窃数额、盗窃次数乃至盗窃方式(携带凶器盗窃、扒窃)作为能否进入刑罚调整的标准,实践中还可能把定罪提前到公安机关的立案程序中,也不符合裁判消极的特征,在现实中容易纵容"小恶",违背社会正义的要求,因此,应该明确刑罚权的界限,恢复盗窃罪行为犯之定位,采用单纯"定性"罪名立法模式。     

遗传资源获取管制和惠益分享制度的立法模式选择

建立遗传资源的获取管制和惠益分享法律制度是我国目前环境立法中的一个重要课题,如何确定立法模式、规范遗传资源的获取途径及惠益分享条件和内容是难点.制定以专门立法为主、修改既有法律为辅的双层立法模式体系,并对其中的主管机构、遗传资源的获取步骤、惠益分享等制度提出具体安排,是解决这个问题的有益尝试.     

《劳动合同法》视域下企业劳动规章论

学界将劳动规章性质界分为契约规范说与法律规范说,在评析上述两种学说基础上,将劳动规章的性质界定为劳动软法说。我国劳动规章实然立法模式应界定为软法自治型而应然立法模式则定位于团体协约型。     

司法实践中查处职务犯罪“12小时”讯问的弊端及立法建议

司法实践中,检察机关查处职务犯罪＂12小时＂的讯问暴露出种种弊端,有必要对此进行深入地调研和分析,以引起司法界和立法者的注意和重视,以期对检察机关的侦查工作有所促进。     

孕妇不适用死刑的立法目的及其目的论解释

由于忽视对立法目的的探讨和提炼,对如何理解审判的时候怀孕的妇女存在聚讼。以限制死刑主体,废止孕妇死刑为目的,可以对此作出和谐统一的、合目的的解释。审判时包括整个刑事诉讼程序与死刑判决执行程序。孕妇应指怀孕的所有情形,包括正在怀孕、曾经怀孕和异常怀孕等。刑法第49条与相关司法解释、刑诉法第211条等的规定不存在矛盾。     

立法机关的法律解释权述评——从全国人大常委会的法律解释权说起

在我国当前的法律解释权体制下,全国人大常委会行使法律解释权出现一些问题,主要表现为法律解释权的行使不符合法律的要求,法律解释权的行使依据不明确,并且全国人大常委会行使法律解释权引发立法解释与立法的矛盾。从理论上说,立法机关行使法律解释权的根据不能成立。立法机关是法律的作者,它行使法律解释权不符合解释学原理。立法机关不是法律实施机关,它不需要行使法律解释权。立法机关具有立法权,它行使法律解释权没有意义。由此,立法机关的法律解释权应当废除。