近十年江苏人口的变化特征

近十年江苏人口发展出现了如下六大特征：人口增长速度减缓，不少地区出现人口零增长；平均受教育年限延长，盲半盲率大幅度下降，而高化程度的人数增长迅速；人口老龄化问题严重，2000年江苏65岁以上人口占总人口的8．84％，仅低于上海和浙江；早婚率大幅度下降，离婚人数以较快速度增长，在江苏未婚、可婚人口中，大龄男女性比例严重失调；劳动力老化严重；每年净增长劳动力多，随着高校扩招，江苏将出现人才的结构性过剩；市镇人口以每年8％的速度增长，2000年市镇人口比重为42％。     

提高所队长的素质和能力推进公安基层基础建设

基层基础工作是整个公安工作的根基,是推动公安事业长远发展的基石。公安队伍建设的重点在基层,基层所队长处在承上启下的关键岗位。全面提高基层所队长的素质和能力,是加强“三基”工程建设的重中之重。     

对职务犯罪案件审查逮捕程序改革与完善的思考

职务犯罪案件审查决定逮捕权"上提一级",是加强自身监督、规范检察权行使、促进检察工作科学发展的重要内容。改革后取得了强化监督的效果,但也暴露办案期限紧张、附条件逮捕缺乏法律依据、听取律师意见程序有待细化、不服逮捕缺乏救济等问题。因此有必要进行立法建言和制度改进,使改革措施落到实处,在惩治腐败与保障人权间寻求最佳平衡。     

Methamphetamine and alcohol detection in vehicle-driver fatalities in South Australia: A 10-year survey (2008–2018)

Motor vehicle driver fatalities (≥18 years) from the files at Forensic Science South Australia were reviewed from January 2008 to December 2018 for cases in which either positive blood sample for methamphetamine (MA) or an illegal blood alcohol concentration (BAC) >0.05g/100 ml were found. Three hundred driver deaths were found with MA detected in 28 cases (age range 21–62 years; ave. 37.8 years; M:F 23:5). Hundred and fifteen cases with a BAC > 0.05 g/100 ml were identified (age range 18–67 years; ave 35.7 years; M:F 95:20). No change was found in numbers of MA cases, although alcohol cases showed a significant decline (p < 0.001). Drunk driving-related fatal crashes tended to occur in the evening (5 p.m. to 11 p.m.), while MA-related fatal crashes had a longer peak extending from late evening until late morning (11 p.m. to 8 a.m.). This study has demonstrated that while roadside breath testing, legislative changes, and increased monitoring have resulted in reduced levels of drunk driving, similar safety countermeasures have had negligible effects on MA use in drivers. Continued monitoring of MA use by drivers will, therefore, be necessary to assess the possible effects, or not, of new countermeasures.     

Comparative Perspectives on Childcare Expansion in Germany: Explaining the Persistent East‒West Divide

Abstract

Germany’s family policy responded to the European Union’s Barcelona targets by expanding publicly funded childcare, especially for children under the age of three, throughout the country. While overall nearly 33 per cent of all children in that age group had access to public childcare by 2015, there is still a large difference between the situation in the eastern and the western part of the country. This paper documents and explains this development of two persistently different childcare regimes in the two parts of the country. It shows that supply factors such as local administrative capacity and resources interact with demand factors such as parental need and demands for public childcare to produce the divergent development. It then discusses the conceptual challenges involved in engaging in this type of subnationally comparative analysis.     

Measurement Error in County-Level UCR Data

Maltz and Targonski (2002) have provided an important service by disaggregating the county level data to help researchers examine measurement errors in the county level data, but their conclusion that county-level crime data, as they are currently constituted, should not be used, especially in policy studies is not justified. All data has measurement error, presumably even their measures of this error. Unfortunately, however, Maltz and Targonski provide no systematic test for how bad the data are. Their graphs obscure both the small number of counties affected, that these are rural counties, and that just because some of the population in a county is not represented in calculating the crime rate, that is not the same thing as showing that the reported number is in error. Nor do they provide evidence for the more important issue of whether there is a systematic bias in the data. The evidence provided here indicates right-to-carry laws continue to produce substantial reductions in violent crime rates when states with the greatest measurement error are excluded. In fact, restricting the sample results in somewhat larger reductions in murders and robberies, but smaller reductions in aggravated assaults.     

我国大型活动中存在的法律问题及对策

随着社会经济的发展,大型社会活动越来越多。大型活动的举办,对于丰富人民生活,提高人民生活水平,扩大城市的知名度,促进经济发展,都具有重大的推进作用。但是,大型活动的举办也存在一些法律问题,主要是指法律规范性不够和法律位阶不高。     

增强内涵，提升层次，实现跨越式发展——甘肃政法学院申报硕士学位授予单位的可行性分析

作为地处祖国西北民族地区、已有二十年高等教育办学历史的甘肃政法学院,在当前西部大开发和高等教育大发展的背景下,提高办学层次,实现跨越式发展,显得尤为迫切。申报硕士学位授予单位是实现这一目标的有效途径。本文对学院的发展现状、近年来的改革措施及成效、申报硕士学位授予单位的必要性和特殊性等进行了全面的分析论证,认为学院目前已具备了取得硕士学位授予单位及开展研究生教育的基本条件。     

Not Centralisation but Decentralised Integration through Australia's National Mental Health Policy

This article challenges dominant perceptions of Commonwealth centralisation in Australia's federal system. While recognising the Commonwealth has entered a range of policy fields not anticipated by federal founders, it argues this does not equate to a generalised unidirectional and hierarchical orchestration of state/territory functions. The crucial case of mental health policy is presented as an alternative scenario in Australia's federal experience. Theoretically key challenges from the multi‐level governance literature are proffered against the centralisation thesis. These include queries about the origins of Commonwealth directives and assumptions of zero‐sum notions of state/territory autonomy. Brief empirical analysis highlights the role of the Commonwealth as a conduit of horizontal and vertical flows of knowledge through the national mental health policy agenda. Given disconnect and diversity between national ambitions and their realisation at state/territory level, it is argued better proceduralisation through bottom‐up peer dialogue and feedback present alternative routes towards decentralised integration.     

基层人民调解工作现状、问题及对策研究--以北京市为例

人民调解,在解决人民内部矛盾、化解民间纠纷、维护社会稳定等方面发挥着独特作用。为进一步促进我国基层人民调解工作适应经济社会发展的新需要,本文以北京市为例,对我国当前的人民调解工作现状进行调查与分析,就存在的问题进行剖析并提出了相应的建议与对策。