基层警察的行动性质、逻辑分析及管理路径

基层警察位于公安组织架构最底层,在一线或现场,直接与群众打交道。他们执行上级的决策,同时又有自己选择和决策过程,拥有自由裁量权,现场工作场景中处于信息有利方,而且与群众之间也存在着不对称的权力关系。其所处的特殊行政生态使得他们表现出以庸碌无为追求“闲暇效用最大化”、在规则依赖中寻求责任免除、在利害权衡中选择行为等典型的行动逻辑。故此,对于基层警察的管理应通过公安信息化建设促进基层警务规范化、通过法律责任控制加大对基层警察的监督、通过警务社会化实现对基层警务工作的政治控制、用提高职业道德来实现基层警察的自我控制。     

立足基层抓基础

城市公安分局是公安机关的基层单位,"三基"工作能否抓出成效,关键在分局。笔者结合自己几年来担任分局长的工作体会,谈了自己对"三基"的粗浅认识。     

我国社区矫正机构设置探析

我国《刑事诉讼法》和《社区矫正法》中的"社区矫正机构"尚没有明确释义。建设中国特色社区矫正机构,需要借鉴发达国家的成功经验,认真总结社区矫正试点试行中机构设置的利弊,做好顶层设计。鉴于目前的机构设置尚不成熟,建议在中央和省级将监狱和社区罪犯管理机构合并,在县级设立专门的执法机构取代司法所,直接承担对罪犯的管理职能。以司法所为主的执法管理模式不利于实现专业化和职业化发展。县级社区矫正机构可根据需要下设分支机构,但管理范围需打破乡镇、街道行政区划的界限,隶属关系向省级垂直管理的方向发展。这样有利于机构设置的精简高效,为扩大社区刑罚适用范围搭建好平台。     

Are We Being Served? Emotional Labour in Local Government in Victoria,Australia

This paper explores how front‐line street‐level bureaucrats (SLBs) cope with the expectations of citizens, clients, or ‘customers’ in daily work and how SLBs may be impacted by emotional labour. The study analyses data from 41 interviews with SLBs in local councils in Victoria, Australia. Although exploratory, it builds awareness and understanding of the emotional labour associated with public service. The situations that SLBs engage with on a daily basis are many and varied and take the form of increased expectations and intense encounters. Respondents experienced abuse, threats, violence, but also ‘sparkle moments’. Resources that helped SLBs cope are diverse and located both within and outside organisations. Implications are discussed and issues that merit additional investigation are raised concerning how SLBs can be supported to better meet the demands of the public. The research is of value to public managers and SLBs operating in a changing society with increased ‘customer’ expectations.     

The Interaction Effects of Bargaining Power: The Interplay Between Veto Power,Asymmetric Interdependence,Reputation, and Audience Costs

In international relations, different rationalistic theories have developed to explain negotiators’ behavior and the outcomes of negotiations. The compatibility and interaction effects between the different forms of bargaining power, however, remain unexplored. In this article, I seek to fill this gap by connecting four rationalistic concepts of bargaining power: veto power, asymmetric interdependence, reputation, and audience costs. By showing that domestic veto players are only semiveto players in international politics – because they can veto an improvement but not a deterioration of the status quo – threats based on asymmetric interdependence to disrupt a mutually beneficial cooperative relationship can be connected to veto power; the incompatibility of the factors concerned would otherwise make this impossible. The combination of veto power and asymmetric interdependence, however, raises a theoretical question: Will rational actors ever approve a deterioration of the status quo? Theories of reputation and audience costs can help answer this question. According to these approaches, threatening parties suffer ex post costs when they back down from their own threats. This theoretical analysis sheds new light on how different forms of bargaining power interact with each other and also helps to address some of the theoretical inconsistencies of the original individual concepts. Finally, this analysis suggests some of the weaknesses of empirical studies that have neglected these interaction effects.     

提高基层民警临战控制能力的探讨

随着各类暴力袭警案件不断增多,基层民警的临战控制能力时时面临考验。要确保民警执法安全,必须多管齐下。培训合格的基层教官,改善基层民警的装备,使民警树立正确的临战理念,是提高民警的临战控制能力的有效策略。     

加强公安派出所建设的对策措施

加强公安派出所建设,是进一步搞好公安工作的基础和前提,关系到整个公安工作的根本。只有打造规范型、防控型、团队型、学习型、服务型、保障型等“六型”公安派出所,才能把派出所真正建设成“综合性的战斗实体”。     

法律硕士专业学位教育中的现存问题及解决建议

法律硕士专业学位教育存在的必要性与合理性可归结为:法律硕士的自身优势,建立良好的法学教育层次的需要,满足市场经济与社会发展对高层次、高素质、应用型法律人才的需求.但目前我国法律硕士专业学位教育中存在的课程设置不合理、与司法考试的矛盾、教育产业化等给其带来的负面影响问题.故应改革其不完善的方面,并调整现有法学教育层次,使法律硕士专业学位教育成为我国法学教育的主流.     

农村基层党建工作创新的一大亮点——广西田阳县“农事村办”工作制度的调查

近年来,广西田阳县委在推进基层党建实践中不断创新,"农事村办"便是继"双学"、"农家课堂"之后的又一创新亮点.在实施中,不断完善服务网络、明确服务内容、创新服务方式、健全工作制度,取得了明显的成效,值得总结和借鉴.     

徐州市循环经济发展水平的动态评价研究

循环经济是世界各国实现经济、社会与生态可持续发展的出路,发展循环经济是经济发展的必然选择。该文运用循环经济评价指标体系并结合江苏省徐州市的具体情况,从动态的角度分析了徐州市循环经济发展的现状和存在的问题,并在此基础上对徐州市循环经济的进一步发展提出了针对性的政策和建议。