作为组织支配的正犯后正犯——支配型共谋的德国理解与中国问题

对于最终没有实行犯罪行为的参与共谋者,应如何承担刑事责任,存在很大争议;不应一般性地承认共谋共同正犯,而应将“共谋”的共同参与区分为支配型共谋与对等型共谋,相应确定不同的参与人类型。德国学理和判例创立“正犯后正犯”法范畴,并运用基于有组织的权力机构的“组织支配”解释间接正犯性,通过展现德国该问题域的实践进路、理论论争和最新发展,为中国语境下解释组织支配和寻求处理支配型共谋的中国路径提供经验图景。     

论夫妻忠实义务

夫妻忠实义务是指配偶不为婚姻外之性交,负有性生活的排他专属义务。夫妻忠实义务值得大力提倡。法律规定夫妻忠实义务很有必要性且意义显著。当前我国关于夫妻互负忠实义务的立法还存有缺陷,应当加以完善。     

论裁量基准的制约因素及建构路径

实证的考量表明,裁量基准的制定抽象化程度越高,则越背离其本身的目标价值。跨地域幅度的大小、违法情节要件的多寡、基准"格线"设置的优劣、例外条款的有无,决定了裁量基准在个案衡量与一般规范之间达至平衡的程度。应借鉴管制行政领域普遍采用的自我规制技术,建构"自下而上"的裁量基准运行机制,从而为经受基层执法实践历练所形成的裁量基准制度提供正当化路径。     

Enhancing responsiveness and consistency: Comparing the collective use of discretion and discretionary room at inspectorates in England and the Netherlands

Discretion used to be considered a feature of individuals, but growing literature shows that it has collective features as well. To develop an understanding of the individual and cooperative work of inspectors in using discretion and the discretionary room granted to them, we compared two inspectorates: the Care Quality Commission (CQC) in England and the Joint Inspectorate for Youth (JIY) in the Netherlands. Our analysis reveals that inspectors engage with colleagues, managers, and stakeholders to include other perspectives, gain mandate, and broaden their repertoire. At the CQC, inspectors use their discretion collectively; on their own initiative, they involve others in balancing and interpreting rules to reach judgments. At the JIY, teamwork is central and regulatory teams are granted collective discretionary room. We argue that collective work permits both responsiveness and consistency. In studying the judgments of inspectors and other street‐level bureaucrats, it is vital to look at collective work and how it combines consistency and responsiveness.     

论以德治监

以德治监是以德治国思想在我国监狱工作中的具体贯彻和实施,是当前我国监狱全面提高罪犯改造质量的迫切需要。坚持以德治监对促进市场经济条件下监狱工作的改革与发展具有十分重要的意义。以德治监与依法治监是一种既相互区别,又相互联系,相辅相成的辩证统一关系。以德治监的内容十分丰富,包括树立良好的监狱党风、政风、警风;培植良好的罪犯改造风气,提高罪犯改造质量;大力提高监狱人民警察和罪犯的道德意识和道德水平以及弘扬监狱的真善美,体现监狱的进步、人道与文明等。     

我国小额诉讼程序的构建

随着我国法制水平的不断提高,诉诸司法的纠纷将会越来越多,现有的审判力量已难负其重。而解决的有效途径之一就是构建小额诉讼程序,分流大量简单的民事案件,使当事人及法官从繁琐、低效的程序中解脱出来。     

高职院校社会服务能力建设的实践与思考

高职院校的社会服务能力建设是一项长期的重要任务,也是高职院校的重要社会责任。在高职院校的社会服务能力建设中,要根据各自学校的特点和优势,把握重点,分清主次,处理好社会服务能力建设和专业建设、发挥示范作用的关系,将专业建设和社会服务能力建设有机统合,在提高专业教学水平的同时提高社会服务能力。     

Accounting for Extra-Dyadic Sources of International Outcomes

Leaders consider the broader international landscape when making foreign policy choices. This landscape could encompass a single external actor, the local region, or even the whole international system. Quantitative analyses of international outcomes, however, frequently do not account for this broader context. This study suggests a corrective, illustrating the value of incorporating extra-dyadic variables into analyses with dyadic and monadic outcomes. The challenge is to parsimoniously capture theoretically salient elements of the multilateral environment. We contend that a measure that links distributions of power within any k-set of relevant states to uncertainty over conflict outcomes is a promising option for two reasons. First, the measure builds from and accords with canonical theories of international politics. Second, it offers scholars a simple and flexible means to define and account for the set of states that constitute the relevant multilateral landscape. Illustrative applications linking power distributions and outcome uncertainty to alliance formation and pursuit of nuclear weapons demonstrate that extra-dyadic factors consistently influence foreign policy outcomes. This study thus shows that situating such outcomes within their broader context is both feasible and substantively important. Moreover, it contributes to recent efforts to address shortcomings of monadic and dyadic studies.     

对构建和谐公安队伍推进"三基"工程建设的几点思考

本文结合多年公安基层工作经验,就推进“三基”工程建设,构建和谐公安队伍进行了思考,并提出了意见。     

农村社区警务的人力资源问题分析与对策

农村社区警务的人力资源问题已经成为影响中国农村社区警务发展的主要瓶颈,主要表现在人力资源的数量、素质等方面。解决这个问题需要做好三方面的基本工作：扩大编制,下沉警力,警力联动,提高民警的素质;加强培训,健全监督,优化考核,提高民警的执法水平;充分利用社会安保资源,优化农村社区警务人力资源结构。