Examining the Effects of Race/Ethnicity and Race Relations on Public Opinion about the Overrepresentation of Black People in U.S. Prisons

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to determine whether persons of different racial/ethnic backgrounds differ in their perceptions of the role racial discrimination plays in the overrepresentation of Black people in the U.S. prison system. The paper also tested the gradient hypothesis of comparative conflict theory, which predicts Black people perceive the greatest amount of racial discrimination, followed by Latinx and white people, respectively. This study also tested whether perceptions of race relations between Black, Latinx, and white people influenced the role participants thought racial discrimination played in Black people’s overrepresentation. Nationally representative Gallup Poll data were used. Results partially supported the gradient hypothesis. Black people were more likely than Latinx and white people to perceive racial discrimination to explain Black people’s overrepresentation in prison, but Latinxs’ views did not differ from whites’. Participants who perceived poorer relations between Black, Latinx, and white people were more likely to consider racial discrimination to explain Black people’s overrepresentation. Findings suggest Black people and those who perceive poorer race relations are most likely to support criminal justice reform efforts aimed at reducing racial disparities in the criminal justice system.     

The Governance System Reason of Informal Financing Risk and Governance Mode Choice——Based on the Case Study of Wenzhou Area

Informal financing risk not only affects the development of the real economy, but also endangers the stability of the society. It is urgent to study the causes and risk management mode of informal financing. In Williamson's discriminating alignment hypothesis, this paper constructed an informal financing discriminating alignment model to assess Chinese informal financing governance reason and mode. We perform a Wenzhou case study and conclude that the governance model and transaction characteristics do not match, which is the governance reason for financing risk. Establish the third-party governance is the best solvency for this problem. Conclusion of this article provided a policy reference for controlling the risk of informal financing so as to provide financial support for entity and achieve steady economic development.     

路翎小说：生命原始强力的极端释放

张扬生命的原始强力是路翎小说的基本主题，路翎小说也因此为新文学倡导的个性解放主题开辟了全新话题。塑造具有挑战精神和反抗性的孤独英雄是路翎生命原始强力的表现途径，激情叙事是原始强力的表达话语形式。路翎小说的悲剧性表现出生命的崇高感，也表现出其崇尚生命原始强力的局限性。     

克拉申二语习得理论对高职高专英语听力课堂教学的启示

输入假说和情感过滤假说是克拉申二语习得理论的主要核心内容,这一假说认为大量的可理解性输入是学习外语的重要条件。依据克拉申的这一理论,教师要根据高职高专英语学习者的特点,注重英语听力材料选择的科学性,改革不合适的英语听力课堂教学方法,以提高学生的听力水平。     

解放神学在菲律宾：处境化与回应

解放神学是20世纪60年代诞生于拉丁美洲的一种基督教社会主义思潮,自诞生以来,对亚洲、非洲等第三世界国家天主教会的神学思想转变与社会实践带来巨大影响。一方面,解放神学直接推动第三世界国家的天主教会关注穷人的困境与国家的政治经济问题,探索穷人获得解放的途径;另一方面,解放神学不可避免地面临处境化与本土化的适应与挑战。菲律宾作为亚洲重要的天主教国家,菲律宾的天主教会在解放神学的影响下,积极探索解放神学对菲律宾社会的适应,对解放神学理论做出了新的阐释与发展,不仅极大地丰富了解放神学的理论,而且积极地推动了解放神学在亚洲社会的实践,对当代菲律宾的社会政治运动产生了深远影响。     

自然的解放:法兰克福学派生态思想的探索及启示

法兰克福学派的生态思想在西方马克思主义生态研究中占据重要位置,它通过研究资本主义社会发展现状、异化消费产生、生态危机的原因,向我们描述了如何了解自然、解放自然过程。通过简要回顾法兰克福学派的生态思想,揭示了法兰克福学派生态思想的着力点,并就其思想给我们当代社会发展现状和生态文明建设的启示做出了几点归纳。     

‘The objectionable injectable’: recovering the lost history of the WLM through the Campaign Against Depo-Provera

ABSTRACT

The Women’s Liberation Movement (WLM) was one of the most important social movements of the twentieth century. Although the last few years have seen an increase in historical work exploring the movement, archival-based accounts of the diverse groups that comprised the WLM are few and far between. This article will uncover, and shed light on, the important work of the Campaign Against Depo-Provera. It will explore how women’s campaigns operated during this period, whilst also providing a lens for examining how women engaged with race and class. It will argue that we need to adopt a more nuanced understanding of how feminists engaged with identity, as an examination of the Campaign Against Depo-Provera questions many of the previously held orthodoxies in the literature.     

侦查假说特点研究——以系统论为视角

侦查假说,是侦查人员在侦查破案过程中必不可少的思维过程。侦查假说系统建构质量的高低,直接决定着案件能否侦破,犯罪分子能否最终被绳之于法。将侦查假说作为一个系统,从系统论角度出发进行研究,发现其具有多元性、层次性和动态开放性的特点。同时,只有对其正确的认识,才能增强广大公安机关侦查人员对侦查假说系统的认同度,并提高侦查假说的建构质量。     

Another Perspective on Women＇s Oppression： Reflections on Feminist Politics and Human Nature

《女权主义政治与人的本质》是阿莉森.贾格尔的代表作。该书认为异化概念可以为系统分析当代社会女性所受压迫提供一个比阶级分析更恰当的理论框架。异化是当代资本主义社会中女性的普遍和基本体验,女性的彻底解放需要一种社会生产的全新组织模式和彻底消除女性柔弱气质。该书认识到了父权制和资本主义制度之间的同一性和彼此强化性,但用异化这个马克思在其成熟时期已然弃用的概念来做理论框架的基础使得贾格尔的分析有时会显得力不从心。     

Terra incognita: Migration of the elderly and the nuclear hardship hypothesis

This article deals with out-migration of elderly in a 19th-century rural society undergoing major economical and social changes. The first aim is to shed light on the particularities of the old-age migration, concentrating on out-migration because the migratory balance stayed negative during the entire period of observation. The migration intensity and the destination areas give a background and reopen the question of the geographical immobility of the elderly. The second goal is to identify some variables that incited some people to leave at an age when neither job nor the will to start a family could justify it. This search for explanatory factors of old-age mobility operates from a thematic scope, that of the nuclear hardship hypothesis.

This article differs from demographic analyses on aging that were generally made at an aggregate level, based on national statistics. It also differs from the implicit or explicit assumption of old-age immobility found in family history studies. In the Pays de Herve, family relations and the position of the oldest in the household determined standard of living more than economic conjunctures or the social structure.