Developmental Differences in Adolescents’ and Young Adults’ Use of Mothers, Fathers, Best Friends, and Romantic Partners to Fulfill Attachment Needs

Adolescents and young adults (three age groups: 12–15, 16–19, and 20–28 years) reported their use of parents, and peers to fulfill attachment functions (proximity-seeking, safe haven, and secure base.) The use of each target figure varied with age and attachment function. Mothers were an important source of security across this age range. They were used as secure base consistently more than fathers or peers for all age groups, and regardless of whether or not participants had romantic partners; but were used less for proximity and safe haven by the two older groups. Best friends were used most and more than others as a safe haven; but were used less by young adults (vs. early adolescents) and by older adolescents with romantic partners. Romantic partners were used most and more than others for proximity; but were used less by early adolescents than by older participants. Fathers were selected less than other targets for all attachment functions. Those with romantic partners turned to them more than to others, and young adults selected their romantic partners as much as friends for safe haven. Those insecurely attached to mother turned to her less and to romantic partners more than did those securely attached. Implications for developmental changes in adolescent attachments are discussed. Professor of Psychology and Applied Human Sciences, Concordia University. Received PhD in social psychology from Ohio State University. Research interests include close interpersonal relationships and adjustment. Received MA in social/developmental psychology from Wilfrid Laurier University. Research interests include attachment and well-being in adolescence Received PhD in developmental psychology from Stanford University. Research interests include parenting, attachment, and adjustment in adolescence Received BA in Psychology (Honors) from Concordia University. Research interests include romantic relationships in adolescence     

社会工作研究的本土化:实践、反思与启示

社会工作研究的本土化是社会工作本土化的重要组成部分。在总结西方社会工作知识体系基础上建立起来的“理念-伦理-人类多元化-理论架构-研究方法”分析框架,对于反思本土化的大陆社会工作研究和实践有重要作用,应当予以关注。     

获利与归属:我国企业职工的持股心理

职工持股是企业职工通过拥有企业的股票 ,以劳动者和所有者的双重身份参与企业生产经营管理的一种制度。普通职工持股的心理是混杂着“投资人”的理性与社会人的情感要素的。理性的效益 ,使职工能时时关心企业的兴衰 ,始终注意为企业出谋划策 ;情感基础上建立的归属依赖关系 ,则会起着凝聚起职工的作用。它使职工对企业的归属、参与和责任有了可靠的物质基础和切入点 ,普通职工持股制度的设计与实施 ,必须对其实质及其适应性有充分的认识 ,并寻求能与其结合的具有内在性的制度依据     

四川涉藏地区民警心理健康需求特点

采用自编四川涉藏地区民警心理健康需求半开放式问卷,随机对400名四川涉藏地区公安民警进行调查,并对结果进行卡方检验,结果发现,认为自己需要心理健康服务的民警有175人(47.8%);最困扰民警的心理问题依次是工作压力问题、亲子教育问题、情绪问题(紧张、焦虑、抑郁等)、家庭问题等;民警常用娱乐消遣、寻找亲人和朋友的支持、运动排解和不管它等方式处理心理问题;民警希望得到压力管理教育、不良情绪调控、心理常识教育和人际教育等心理服务内容和情绪调控、压力管理、职业技能训练等心理训练内容;民警最希望能够通过音乐放松、与专业人员交流、心理健康讲座等方式得到心理健康服务。不同群体民警间的部分心理问题及心理需求存在显著性差异(p<0.05)。四川涉藏地区民警对心理健康服务有需求,且存在明显的人群差异性,心理干预需充分考虑其差异,以提高其适用性。     

尚未完成由传统向现代的转变--山东女性生活方式管窥

2000年第二期中国妇女社会地位抽样调查(山东)数据,反映了山东女性的活动空间、休闲方式、时间分配与家务劳动、生活消费、社会交往的情况,体现了她们对生活的满意程度。调查发现:女性仍然是家务劳动的主要承担者,无论是生活消费、休闲方式,还是社会交往,女性均落伍于男性,还未完成由传统向现代的转变,女性的活动空间有待于进一步扩展。     

Banks and the Communities They Serve: Time to Legislate?

In March 2007 HM Treasury published its latest thoughts on Financial Inclusion (HM Treasury Financial inclusion: The way forward, 2007), highlighting that after 10 years of activity in this area there is still growing evidence that the market is not meeting everyone’s needs, with significant numbers of people not able to access basic financial services such as credit. This continues alongside media stories of further bank branch closures in some areas, branches for high income earners only in others and the continuing controversy surrounding charges. This article will, with reference to the UK government’s financial inclusion agenda assess whether the time has come to implement legislation mandating that UK credit institutions have regard to customers needs when making decisions that could affect those most at risk from restricted access to financial services. These needs can include both access to affordable credit and access to financial services, such as bank accounts. The paper will use as a comparator the much talked about United States Community Reinvestment Act, enacted in 1977 and since amended, hailed (Barr New York University Law Review 80:513, 2005) and criticised (Macey and Miller Virginia Law Review 78:291, 1993) in equal measures, designed to ensure that depository institutions meet the credit needs of the communities they serve, particularly low and moderate income areas. Although not designed to tackle the perceived problems identified by the UK government, would enactment of similar legislation do more to achieve these aims that the activities undertaken so far. The article proposes that one way in which to improve the fight against financial exclusion is to improve the disclosure requirements of financial institutions, forcing them, where necessary, to provide data on lending patterns in disadvantaged areas.

走出二元对立的思维困境——阿克曼对美国宪法变革机制的检讨

阿克曼在区分宪法政治和常态政治的前提下,通过分析美国宪法史上的重要事件,根据二元民主的宪法理论指出:美国宪法政治时期的宪法变革经历了发出宪法改革的信号、提出宪法改革方案、决定宪法改革命运的程序、宪法改革方案的批准和宪法改革成果的巩固五个阶段。阿克曼关于宪法变革的历史学与社会学观点,不仅消解了法律形式主义和法律现实主义的对立,他还进一步以此为基础提出了"人民主权动议"和"活宪法"的宪法修正理论。阿克曼的宪法变革理论虽具现实性,但却有着不确定性的缺陷。因此,阿克曼所要解决的,恰恰是理性与经验之对立所造成的不确定性这一法律理论的永恒主题。     

城乡公共服务一体化问题探讨

城乡公共服务一体化是我国经济社会一体化的必然要求,是统筹城乡发展、构建和谐社会的内在需求。文章讨论了公共服务均等化与城乡公共服务一体化的关系,论证了城乡公共服务一体化的现实必要性,同时围绕我国城乡基础设施、公共教育、公共卫生和社会保障等方面公共服务的现状及对策展开了探讨。     

Localized Islam(s): interpreting agents,competing narratives,and experiences of faith

This special issue investigates contemporary transformations of Islam in the post-Communist Balkans. We put forward the concept of localized Islam as an analytical lens that aptly captures the input of various interpreting agents, competing narratives, and choices of faith. By adopting an agent-based approach that is sensitive to relevant actors’ choices and the contexts where they operate, we explore how various groups negotiate and ultimately localize the grand Islamic tradition, depending on where they are situated along the hierarchy of power. Specifically, we outline three sets of actors and narratives related to revival of Islamic faith: (1) political elites, mainstream intellectuals, and religious hierarchies often unite in safeguarding a nation-centric understanding of religion, (2) foreign networks and missionaries make use of open channels of communication to propagate their specific interpretations and agendas, and (3) lay believers tend to choose among different offers and rally around the living dimension of religious practice. Contributions in this issue bring ample evidence of multiple actors’ strategies, related perspectives, and contingent choices of being a Muslim. Case studies include political debates on mosque construction in Athens; political narratives that underpin the construction of the museum of the father of Ataturk in Western Macedonia; politicians’ and imams’ competing interpretations of the Syrian war in Kosovo, Macedonia, and Albania; the emergence of practice communities that perform Muslim identity in Bulgaria; the particular codes of sharia dating in post-war Sarajevo; and veneration of saints among Muslim Roma in different urban areas in the Balkans.     

“搭伴养老”的两个法律问题

“搭伴养老”是指单身的男女老人在未办理结婚登记手续的情况下选择非婚同居处理两性关系和养老的一种生活方式。文章针对这一现象产生的实际问题,从法律角度对“搭伴养老”当事人的人身关系和财产关系进行了探讨。文章认为,在人身关系中,当事人之间拥有类似于夫妻关系的日常家事代理权,存在法定的扶养权和扶养义务。在财产关系中,对于同居期间产生的共同财产和债务应采取合伙原理予以规制;当事人之间不存在互为法定继承人享有继承权的法律基础,但同居伴侣可以分得适当的遗产。