实践"三个代表"确保一方平安

"三个代表"是新时期公安工作的行动指南.公安机关要实践"三个代表",必须从根本上转变工作作风,必须严厉打击刑事犯罪活动,必须大力夯实基层基础工作,逐步提高"保一方平安"的水平和能力,始终成为保护人民利益的最忠实代表.     

论地方专属立法权

确定地方的专属立法权具有一定的理论意义,而且能够发挥保护或限制地方立法权、发扬地方立法积极性的重要作用。具体确立上,应采取事务"影响范围"和"重要程度"相结合的标准,并以"地方性事务"为起点,界定"地方性事务"的可能范围。     

An Assessment of the Impact that Participation in Local Climate Networks Has on Cities’ Implementation of Climate,Energy, and Transportation Policies

Much of the attention surrounding local climate protection in the United States is associated with two networks: ICLEI Local Governments for Sustainability's Cities for Climate Protection and the U.S. Conference of Mayors’ Climate Protection Agreement (MCPA). However, the impact of these networks on member‐city actions has not been clearly established. This paper examines whether, and to what extent, participation in climate networks leads to the implementation of greenhouse gas (GHG)‐reducing policies, above and beyond what would have been done in their absence. To account for the possibility that cities which join climate networks are systematically different from those that do not and control for self‐selection induced bias, three statistical techniques—propensity score matching, Heckman full information maximum likelihood, and instrumental variables—are employed to estimate the “treatment effect” of participation. Results suggest that impact is network specific: ICLEI membership causes small to moderate increases in cities’ GHG‐relevant activity, whereas the MCPA has no such effect. The characteristics of each network are evaluated in light of these findings.     

Between Interculturalism and Ethnocentrism: Local Government and the Indigenous Movement in Otavalo‐Ecuador

To what extent might an indigenous mayor govern beyond ethnically defined grievances, without being labelled traitor by the indigenous organisation? This article deals with the challenges faced by the Ecuadorian indigenous movement when it attains power in local government. The issue will be explored through the case of Mario Conejo, who in 2000 became the first indigenous mayor of Otavalo representing the indigenous political movement Pachakutik. Although ethnically based tensions in the local indigenous movement were evident throughout the period, 2006 saw Conejo leave Pachakutik and create a new political movement. This rupture can be traced, I argue, to an intercultural dilemma and the difficulties of ethnically defined political movements.     

论“圈地”现象背后地方政府的利益追求

本文从近期的“圈地”热潮开始谈起,分析了土地与土地权,国家与政府,中央政府与地方政府三组关系,讨论了其对征地的影响,并将重点落到地方政府上面。然后,用经济学的有关理论论证地方政府“圈地”追求的并不是一般意义上的垄断利润,而是其他一些利益。文章提出了建立一套利益制衡机制以遏制地方政府利益追求,试图以此来规范征地行为。     

地方立法监督实证研究：体制与程序

地方立法监督是完善地方立法制度,维护和实现地方立法所要实现的民主、科学、法治等多重价值目标的重要制度设置;其中又以立法监督体制设置和程序设计为关键。我国现有法律法规所确立的地方立法监督制度在体制和程序上都存在着较多的漏洞和不合理因素,妨碍了这一制度应有效能的发挥,因而有必要在宪政体制范围内,从整合地方立法监督体系、明晰监督主体权限、提高监督程序的规范化、可操作性和民主参与等方面,对相关制度予以改革和完善。     

论科学发展观视野中的地方政府绩效评价体系的优化

科学发展观的提出受到各界的普遍关注并得到了高度的评价。为确保科学发展观的贯彻落实,地方政府绩效评价体系的优化显得尤其重要。首先,要按照科学发展观的要求,构建科学的评价指标体系;其次,要完善评价主体结构;再次,要开发利用科学的评价技术与方法;最后,必须制定完善的法律法规,规范地方政府绩效评价活动。     

农村民主选举制度的正负效能分析

民主选举是村民自治的开始,在实践中,不少人认为村民自治就只是搞民主选举,从而过分夸大村委会选举的民主成就,因此,有必要对农村自治中的民主选举制度进行理性评价。事实上,农村民主选举对村民、候选人、村庄以及国家治理既能产生正效能,也会产生负效能。客观认识其在村民自治中的地位和作用,对于推动农村基层民主的真正实现具有重要意义。     

清代江南地区民间的健讼问题——以地方志为中心的考察

以清代地方志为基本史料,用实证的方法对清代江南地区民间的健讼问题进行考察,可以看到导致健讼产生的根本原因一是人口的膨胀,二是中国传统的专制制度的弊端。健讼给地方财政造成压力,加速了传统社会的解体,客观上有利于清末司法改革的推行。     

新疆地方经济立法的成本分析

新疆绝大多数立法部门在立法前没有进行成本、效益化均衡的经济分析,造成新疆地方经济立法成本过高。进行必要的立法成本分析,树立立法成本效益观念,在保证立法质量的情况下,控制立法成本的支出,建设节约型社会。