转轨时期地方政府行为引起的负外在性问题的研究

转轨时期 ,我国地方政府行为引起的负外在性问题比较突出 ,着重表现在市场分割、过度竞争、产业结构趋同等方面。财税分权制度安排和投融资体制改革、地方市场需求的引致、地方政府角色的变化、相关法制建设滞后是该问题产生和发展的主要成因。鉴于其严重的危害性 ,我们应从深化财税体制改革、完善分税制、理顺政企关系、健全相关法制等方面来加以综合治理。     

乳突纹线局部形态特征在手印检验中的应用

在手印检验工作中,通过对乳突纹线局部形态特征的种类、特点及检验方法进行研究,并运用实际案例进行分析阐述,论证该类特征在手印检验中具有可操作性,能够提高残缺、少特征等疑难手印的利用率。乳突纹线局部形态特征的应用是对常规特征的重要补充,对手印检验工作具有实际意义。     

地方政府控股下的地方银行制度变迁逻辑与风险防范

地方政府投资参股银行机构,既是一种模糊产权形式,也是一种过渡产权形式。允许地方政府的资本进入银行业,本意是体现责、权、利相匹配的原则。然而,这可能导致地方银行机构成为地方政府的提款机,信贷扩张增大,政府融资平台贷款持续增加,信贷集中度会更高,地区贫富差距会扩大,弱势群体的贷款难问题会加剧等。因此,作为过渡性产权形式,地方政府股权的退出将是一种必然结果,虽然短期内难以实现,但是这是解决这一问题的必然出路,因而必须壮大民营银行产权并使之成为第一行动集团。只有这样,地方政府才可能逐步退出银行的产权控制领域并让民营银行成为间接融资渠道的主体,实现银行产权的更替,最终分散和化解金融风险。     

终结过程中的裂变与新生——新世纪乡土小说中的农民形象综论

新世纪乡土小说中的农民形象,可以概略地分为流动农民、在乡农民和乡村知识分子等三大类。由于社会活动特别是经济活动的社会空间场域不同,三类农民卷入中国农村变革大潮的现实遭际与个人体验有很大的差异,出现了前所未有的历史分化。在现代性获得过程中,农民文化人格的裂变与精神结构的新旧杂陈,比任何历史时期都要激烈而复杂,其历史命运也将迥然有别。具有历史过渡性特征的农民形象的出现,既是新世纪中国社会加速转型的历史产物,也是新世纪乡土作家以各自不同的价值取向、道德选择和艺术洞察力,捕捉历史机缘,透析农民文化人格裂变的艺术创造与乡村想象。     

土地财政的行政法治视阈

中国模式的土地财政危及了国家经济安全,阻碍了经济社会的可持续发展。只有依照市场经济法治国家对行政权力的规制原则,清晰地界定政府与市场、公民、企业以及中央政府与地方政府的各种应然关系,加速土地财政向公共财政的转型,加强对行政权力的立法监督、民主监督、人大监督,建立以公共服务为导向的政绩评价体系,才能够从根本校正地方政府片面追求土地财政利益的行为,才能为加快转变发展方式提供强大动力和体制保障,才能实现社会和经济的可持续发展。     

Sources of Power in Public Negotiations: A Framework Applied to Public-Public and Public-Private Negotiations

The negotiation literature has extensively examined the topic of power and how it can be wielded. Numerous frameworks have been created and utilized in the various treatises on negotiations; analyzing the power differential in any given situation is a common teaching technique. However, despite this focus on the topic, discussions of power have been mainly focused on negotiations in the private sector. As a result, many of the most common frameworks are oriented toward this type of situation, resulting in a clumsy application to a public-sector negotiation. Given the growing importance of negotiations to public-sector leaders, we provide a new structure for analyzing power that can be utilized in such situations. For a municipal leader confronted with a complex public-private partnership, it is important to have the right tools to use when examining the power dynamics at play. After examining several current models of power, as well as other writings on the topic in negotiation and strategy literature, we present a new model. This model divides power into different categories based on whether it stems from formal or informal mechanisms, and then offers several specific forms relevant to the public sector. We then use this new model to examine a case study involving the new mayor of Manchester, New Hampshire and her efforts to negotiate a better response to the opioid and homelessness crisis. This case study illustrates the unique nature of public sector negotiations and provides a roadmap for negotiators looking to use our new framework.     

地方官员表态话语及其行为匹配——一个初步研究框架

官员表态话语作为展现政治倾向的方式,是一种常见但被忽略的学术议题。尝试厘清地方官员表态话语体系建构逻辑,并对照其表态话语与行为的匹配性。研究发现,向上表态是单一制国家地方官员权力遵从的必然方向,针对制度弹性的强弱可以选择贯彻执行型、发展协调型、竞争表功型等三种表态形式,地方官员基于成本收益的考量会选择完全匹配、阳奉阴违、部分匹配等不同的行为匹配方式。因此,可以从合理把握公共政策刚性与弹性的度、提升公共政策科学化水平、细化官员表态话语的语义解读、动态掌握官员表态之后的行为轨迹、实现“有责可问”向“有责必问”的转变等方面提升其言行匹配度。     

The Bordered World of Cross-border Cooperation: The Determinants of Local Government Contact Networks within Euroregions

The article discusses the determinants of local government contact networks within cross-border cooperation organizations (Euroregions). Relying on social capital theory, a combination of social network and qualitative analytical tools are applied on data from two Scandinavian and two East Central European cases. The analysis reveals that, even in favourable circumstances, contact networks are thin and Euroregions fail to develop into truly integrated political spaces. The analysis also shows that contact patterns on one side of the border, determined primarily by inter-municipal cooperation, will matter for how contact networks are formed across the border. The findings are important, as membership in a Euroregion is expected to foster cross-border political relationships that could have possible spillover effects in terms of encouraging policy cooperation outside the framework of the Euroregion, which in turn would enhance the likelihood of well-functioning cross-border governance spaces.