地方政府债务:现状、成因与对策

文章对我国地方政府债务历程进行了回顾,分析了地方政府债务成因的发展变化,探讨了地方负债的融资行为风险对财政、金融、社会带来的不良后果,最后提出解决我国地方政府债务的根本出路在于地方政府举债债券化,应采用总体部署、阶段实施的解决方案,最终使地方政府债务走向透明化、法制化、市场化、规范化的道路。     

由主权负债危机引发对地方政府过度负债的思考

世界金融危机爆发后,中国经济经过结构调整,内生动力不断增强并带动区域经济的快速增长。与此同时,地方政府超常规融资积聚的风险隐患也在迅速增加,巨额的地方政府负债极有可能成为诱发新一轮危机的重要因素,成为制约中国经济发展的主要瓶颈。弄清地方政府过度负债的主要风险,衡量地方政府的负债能力,界定风险转变为危机的临界点,明确地方政府适度负债规模水平是稳妥地化解地方政府过度负债风险,防范危机的重要途径。     

地方政府奢侈行政现象治理与问责制

我国行政成本的居高不下与各级地方政府的奢侈行政现象密切相关。从该现象产生的内在根源出发,可以将地方政府奢侈行政现象归结为"诱发型"浪费和"原发型"浪费两种类型。完善行政问责制有利于遏制"诱发型"浪费,但要真正遏制乃至根治"原发型"浪费还必须对制度、政策、结构及价值等进行整体问责。因此,考量我国遏制地方政府奢侈行政现象久治无功的缘由,应该重新审思问责制能否成为解决问题的一个突破口,并以此推进政府的深层变革。     

清代地方政府市场干预行为探析——以广西地方官府为例

清代的广西地方官府在维护市场规则、统制经营、调控金融和公务采买等方面所采取的市场干预行为对当时广西的经济运行秩序产生了双重影响:既利于市场环境的改善,有助于经济平稳运行,也因违反市场规律而导致经济波动不稳,制约了地方经济的发展。     

农村民主选举制度的正负效能分析

民主选举是村民自治的开始,在实践中,不少人认为村民自治就只是搞民主选举,从而过分夸大村委会选举的民主成就,因此,有必要对农村自治中的民主选举制度进行理性评价。事实上,农村民主选举对村民、候选人、村庄以及国家治理既能产生正效能,也会产生负效能。客观认识其在村民自治中的地位和作用,对于推动农村基层民主的真正实现具有重要意义。     

Scrutiny in English Local Government and the Role of Councillors

Overview and Scrutiny Committees were introduced in England and Wales in the Local Government Act 2000 that ended the role the full council and its committees as the locus of decision‐making for most local authorities. Overview and scrutiny committees composed of councillors not on small decision‐making executives were tasked with holding these to account. The performance of scrutiny committees is variable. Generally they work best where they concentrate on reviews of policy and practice, with recommendations following from well‐researched reports. The paper reviews the difficulties which arise when scrutiny committees endeavour to hold powerful executives to account, and suggests that to strengthen this new legislation is required, in particular to institutionalise scrutiny committees as agencies of the full council, the representative body for the area, comparable to the way in which the select committees at Westminster are the agencies of the Parliament.     

THE INFLUENCE OF E‐GOVERNMENT ON ADMINISTRATIVE DISCRETION: THE CASE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENTS IN EGYPT

One important but often understudied area of research in public administration is the effect of e‐government on administrative discretion. This article examines e‐government factors that influence administrative discretion through a survey of local governments. The focus of this study is on Egyptian local governments, which are using e‐government to modernise public service delivery. Through a survey of administrative officials in these governments, this study found evidence that e‐government factors of collaboration and organisational change influenced administrative discretion. Other common factors noted in the literature such as size of the local government and demand by citizens for e‐government did not register an effect on administrative discretion. The results of this study imply that local governments should do more to enhance e‐government to reduce administrative discretion, especially in the area of increasing collaboration. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

贵州实施工业强省战略的制度约束及对策

贵州制度创新滞后,成为实施工业强省战略的制度约束,因而亟待在行政管理体制方面进行创新,其主要目标是建立公共服务体制。为保证地方政府制度创新顺利推进和整体效能,还应在制度规划和创新方式上注意三个问题：正式制度创新与非正式制度创新并重;核心制度创新与配套制度创新相结合;自创式制度创新与借鉴式制度创新兼顾。     

司法考试背景下地方院校民法本科教学改革

在校本科生可以参加司法考试,对我国本科法学教育产生了强烈冲击,也要求正确处理好法学本科教育与司法考试的关系.针对民法课程的自身特点,鉴于其在本科法学教育和司法考试中具有的举足轻重地位,集中体现了法学本科教育与司法考试的冲突与契合.理性看待司法考试对法学本科教育的负面影响,结合地方院校的自身地位和特点,促进司法考试背景下...